Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast: A rare entity

Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the breast are a rare and distinct entity that is not routinely encountered in clinical practice. The diagnosis of primary neuroendocrine breast carcinoma is mainly a diagnosis of exclusion as the metastatic disease is more common a possibility. The algorithmic approach in the evaluation of such tumors includes the clinical and radiological examination of the breast lumps followed by correlation with Histopathological study and Immunohistochemistry tests. We report a case of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast in a 64-year-old female who presented with breast lump for one month duration

Treatment outcomes and their associated factors among a cohort of children with wasting and severe wasting enrolled in the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, 2023-24

Background: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of recovery and relapse over a four-month follow-up period among children aged 6–59 months diagnosed with wasting or severe wasting in the Srivilliputhur block of the Sivakasi Health Unit District, Tamil Nadu, during 2023–2024. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among children aged 6–59 months diagnosed with wasting or severe wasting in December 2023. We collected the data using structured questionnaires. Baseline assessments were conducted in December 2023 (T0), with monthly follow-ups until April 2024 (T4). To identify factors associated with recovery and relapse, we first conducted a univariate analysis, followed by a multivariable Poisson regression analysis. Pathways of recovery and relapse were visualized using a Sankey diagram, while Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to illustrate recovery and relapse rates over time. Results: A total of 78 children were enrolled, with a median age of 23 months. The incidence of recovery was 9.02 per 1000 person-days, while relapse incidence was 3.96 per 1000 person-days. The mean time to recovery was 77.5 days, whereas the mean time to relapse was 84.5 days. Factors influencing recovery included age, dietary preference, and caregiver occupation, with therapeutic diets playing a major role in improving outcomes. Conclusions: This study highlights the critical need for targeted nutritional interventions and comprehensive care strategies to manage childhood wasting effectively. The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and tailored approaches to enhance recovery rates and minimize relapse, ultimately contributing to improved child health and socio-economic development

6,6′-Dihydroxythiobinupharidine (DTBN) Purified from Nuphar lutea Leaves Is an Inhibitor of Protein Kinase C Catalytic Activity

Water lily (Nuphar) bioactive extracts have been widely used in traditional medicine owing to their multiple applications against human ailments. Phyto-active Nuphar extracts and their purified and synthetic derivatives have attracted the attention of ethnobotanists and biochemists. Here, we report that 6,6′-dihydroxythiobinupharidine (DTBN), purified from extracts of Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. leaves, is an effective inhibitor of the kinase activity of members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family using in vitro and in silico approaches. We demonstrate that members of the conventional subfamily of PKCs, PKCα and PKCγ, were more sensitive to DTBN inhibition as compared to novel or atypical PKCs. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the interaction of DTBN, with the kinase domain of PKCs depicting the best affinity towards conventional PKCs, in accordance with our in vitro kinase activity data. The current study reveals novel targets for DTBN activity, functioning as an inhibitor for PKCs kinase activity. Thus, this and other data indicate that DTBN modulates key cellular signal transduction pathways relevant to disease biology, including cancer.</jats:p