Clinical and Radiographic Outcome of Herbal Medicine Versus Standard Pulpotomy Medicaments in Primary Molars: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Various medicaments has been used for many years as a pulpotomy medicament that has its own advantages and disadvantages. Recently, there has been the use of herbal medicine as a pulpotomy medicament due to its good antibacterial effect and least complications compared to standard chemically synthesized pulpotomy medicaments. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the existing literature on the effectiveness of herbal medicine compared to standard pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars. Materials and Methods: Information was collected from Electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Google scholar, Science Direct and SIGLE) and hand search was also done in International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry (September 2011-March 2016), Journal of clinical Paediatric Dentistry (September 2011–March 2016) and International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review (September 2013- March 2016). Only those articles which met the inclusion criteria were selected. Literature abstracts and full text articles were analysed in this review. Results: A total of six articles were included in this systematic review. All were randomized clinical trials which evaluated the clinical and radiographic success or outcomes of herbal medicine such as allium sativum, ankaferd blood stopper, elaegnus angustifolia, propolis compared with standard pulpotomy medicaments in primary teeth. The overall clinical and radiographic outcomes were not significantly different in all the studies. All the included studies recorded high risk of bias. There is lack of strong evidence to support the use of herbal medicine to replace standard pulpotomy medicaments. Conclusion: There seems to be a lacunae of strong and long term evidence to support the use of herbal medicines. Therefore, more quality randomized controlled trials with long term follow up, to evaluate the clinical success of herbal medicine to replace the gold standard agents of conventional pulpotomy is required

Microbial evaluation of plaque on 3M ESPE and kids stainless steel crown in primary molars

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the oral hygiene and microbial adhesion on the 3M stainless steel crown (SSC) and Kids crown in primary molars. Materials and Methods: Seven children aged 4-8 years were selected from the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry. Children included in the study had lower right or left both first and second primary molars that required SSC. The tooth was restored with 3M crown and Kids crown. The swabs were collected before and immediately after the cementation of crowns and after 1 week. Oral hygiene index (OHI) was also evaluated. The swabs were incubated in mitis salivarius bacitracin agar, and the total number of Streptococcus mutans was counted and expressed in colony forming units. Results: There was no statistically significant difference seen in the microbial count and OHI-simplified between the 3M and Kids crown and natural teeth. Conclusion: The microbial adhesion of plaque and S. mutans was seen higher on the Kids crown. However, there was no significant difference between 3M ESPE and Kids crown

Abstract 3070: Suppression of tumor cell invasiveness and <i>in vivo</i> tumor growth by microRNA-874 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Abstract MicroRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that regulate expression of many genes involved in normal development as well as human disorders including cancer. Here, we show that miR-874 plays a tumor suppressor role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, in silico target prediction analysis revealed numerous pro-oncogenes associated with tumor initiation, angiogenesis, invasion and migration, including MMP-2, uPA, NFAT5, PAK3, PAK7, LIMD, PECAM1, VEGF-A, Stat3, CUX1 and FGF1 as the putative target genes of miR-874. Our preliminary in situ hybridization experiments demonstrated the diminution of miR-874 expression in lung cancer tissues as compared to its normal counterparts. Overexpression of miR-874 in CD133-positive NSCLC cancer stem cell (CSC) population led to a significant loss in CSC phenotype and enhanced sphere de-differentiation into epithelial-like morphology. Restoration of miR-874 expression drastically reduced the invasive ability of cells in comparison to mock and control-miR treated cells by suppressing the protein levels of MMP-2 and uPA. Further, miR-874 treatment decreased orthotopic tumor growth in nude mice as compared to mock and control-miR treatments. Further, in vivo orthotopic tumor experiments in nude mice revealed the significant decrease in the immunoreactivity of human anti-MMP-2 and anti-uPA in miR-874-treated tumor sections. In conclusion, our study highlights the possible tumor suppressor role of miR-874 in NSCLC-initiating cells and suggests miR-874 as a potential target in the future treatment of NSCLC. Citation Format: Divya Kesanakurti, Dilip Maddirela, Subramanyam Chittivelu, Jasti S. Rao, Chandramu Chetty. Suppression of tumor cell invasiveness and in vivo tumor growth by microRNA-874 in non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3070. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3070 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.</jats:p