On the validity of cosmic no-hair conjecture in an anisotropic inflationary model

We will present main results of our recent investigations on the validity of cosmic no-hair conjecture proposed by Hawking and his colleagues long time ago in the framework of an anisotropic inflationary model proposed by Kanno, Soda, and Watanabe. As a result, we will show that the cosmic no-hair conjecture seems to be generally violated in the Kanno-Soda-Watanabe model for both canonical and non-canonical scalar fields due to the existence of a non-trivial coupling term between scalar and electromagnetic fields. However, we will also show that the validity of the cosmic no-hair conjecture will be ensured once a unusual scalar field called the phantom field, whose kinetic energy term is negative definite, is introduced into the Kanno-Soda-Watanabe model.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures. Invited talk at the 42nd National Conference on Theoretical Physics (NCTP) of Vietnam, Can Tho, Vietnam, 31 July - 3 August, 201

Anisotropic power-law inflation for a conformal-violating Maxwell model

A set of power-law solutions of a conformal-violating Maxwell model with a non-standard scalar-vector coupling will be shown in this paper. In particular, we are interested in a coupling term of the form $X^{2n} F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu}$ with $X$ denoting the kinetic term of the scalar field. Stability analysis indicates that the new set of anisotropic power-law solutions is unstable during the inflationary phase. The result is consistent with the cosmic no-hair conjecture. We show, however, that a set of stable slowly expanding solutions does exist for a small range of parameters $\lambda$ and $n$. Hence a small anisotropy can survive during the slowly expanding phase.Comment: 13 pages with 3 figure

Minimal resonances in annular non-Euclidean strips

Differential growth processes play a prominent role in shaping leaves and biological tissues. Using both analytical and numerical calculations, we consider the shapes of closed, elastic strips which have been subjected to an inhomogeneous pattern of swelling. The stretching and bending energies of a closed strip are frustrated by compatibility constraints between the curvatures and metric of the strip. To analyze this frustration, we study the class of "conical" closed strips with a prescribed metric tensor on their center line. The resulting strip shapes can be classified according to their number of wrinkles and the prescribed pattern of swelling. We use this class of strips as a variational ansatz to obtain the minimal energy shapes of closed strips and find excellent agreement with the results of a numerical bead-spring model. Within this class of strips, we derive a condition under which a strip can have vanishing mean curvature along the center line.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures. Published version. Updated references and added 2 figure

TimeMachine: Timeline Generation for Knowledge-Base Entities

We present a method called TIMEMACHINE to generate a timeline of events and relations for entities in a knowledge base. For example for an actor, such a timeline should show the most important professional and personal milestones and relationships such as works, awards, collaborations, and family relationships. We develop three orthogonal timeline quality criteria that an ideal timeline should satisfy: (1) it shows events that are relevant to the entity; (2) it shows events that are temporally diverse, so they distribute along the time axis, avoiding visual crowding and allowing for easy user interaction, such as zooming in and out; and (3) it shows events that are content diverse, so they contain many different types of events (e.g., for an actor, it should show movies and marriages and awards, not just movies). We present an algorithm to generate such timelines for a given time period and screen size, based on submodular optimization and web-co-occurrence statistics with provable performance guarantees. A series of user studies using Mechanical Turk shows that all three quality criteria are crucial to produce quality timelines and that our algorithm significantly outperforms various baseline and state-of-the-art methods.Comment: To appear at ACM SIGKDD KDD'15. 12pp, 7 fig. With appendix. Demo and other info available at http://cs.stanford.edu/~althoff/timemachine

Valor nutritivo do mata-pasto (Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin & Barneby) em diferentes idades.

O mata-pasto (Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin & Barneby), leguminosa de larga ocorrência natural no Nordeste, apesar de não apreciada pelos ruminantes quando verde, é muito consumida quando naturalmente seca. Apresenta, portanto, a possibilidade de ser usada como feno, para diminuir a carência alimentar da época seca. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a determinação dos percentuais de proteína bruta (PB), fibra bruta (FB), extrato etéreo IEE), cálcio (Ca) e fósforo (P), na planta inteira, caule e folhas do mata-pasto, em diferentes idades. Coletaram-se, mensalmente, dos 30 aos 180 dias de idade, cinco amostras de 0,5 x 0,5 m para a análise da planta inteira e outras cinco para caules e folhas. A PB diminuiu com a idade das plantas, sendo maior nas folhas (11,75% - 28,63%) e menor nos caules (2,44% - 22,46%). A FB foi maior nos caules (29,50% - 48,50%) do que nas folhas (8,28% - 10,52%), aumentando com a idade. O EE pouco variou em relação às partes da planta, como tambem com a idade (2,91% - 3,34% nas folhas e 0,83% - 1,04% nos caules). O P decresceu com a idade, sendo de 0,16% - 0,28% nas folhas e 0,11% - 0,20% nos caules. O Ca foi também mais alto nas folhas (1,33% - 3,07%), onde aumentou com a idade, enquanto decresceu nos caules e na planta inteira. Todas as variáveis tiveram, na planta inteira, valores intermediários entre os observados nas folhas e nos caules. O mata-pasto é uma planta nutricionalmente adequada, com seu corte para fenação por volta de 120 dias.bitstream/item/35799/1/BP33.pd