Efektivitas pengelolaan Aset Perusahaan Dalam Meningkatkan Profitabilitas Pada Dealer Mobil Di Kota Gorontalo

ix 66 ha

A policy on the move? Spatial planning and State Actors in the post-devolutionary UK and Ireland

Devolution has led to a dramatic restructuring of the UK state over the last 15 years. Planning is a devolved function and a concerted process of ‘planning reform’ has been implemented by devolved (and central) government since devolution, including a move from ‘land-use’ to ‘spatial planning’. Despite some expectations of, and pressure for, policy divergence post devolution, we draw on findings of discourse analysis to demonstrate how there are common framings and understandings of the concept of ‘spatial planning’ present in the policy documents of all the UK administrations, and in Ireland. As such, we conceptualise spatial planning as what, after Peck and Theodore (2010, Geoforum 41 169–74), we might consider a ‘policy on the move’. Policy mobility is a fundamentally geographical phenomenon and its presence here raises questions about the mechanisms by which spatial planning has been mobilised. Drawing on interview data, we highlight the role of civil servants who meet through the British–Irish Council's workstream on spatial planning and a forum known as the ‘Five Administrations’ meetings. The relational connections between these state actors suggest that they are key ‘transfer agents’ and their role helps explain some of the path dependency in planning reform post devolutio

Barriers and facilitators to shellfish cultivation

A literature review was conducted to determine the barriers and facilitators to shellfish cultivation using Northern Ireland (NI) as a case study. This review included 23 papers, published in 14 journals, indexed in the Web of Science database. The eligibility criteria included (i) peer-reviewed articles or websites from key government or agency stakeholders in the aquaculture supply chain; (ii) had a primary focus on shellfish production; and (iii) made reference to the United Kingdom, Ireland or NI. Six key categories were identified as impacting the aquaculture sector: Economic, Environmental, Technical, Welfare, Political and Consumer factors. The most commonly cited codes within these categories included regulations, management decisions, environmental welfare, weather conditions, consumer needs and water quality. Within the scientific literature, the study designs were variable and NI-specific data were limited. However, the recommendations were relatively consistent. More evidence-based data collection is needed to better establish the status of the aquaculture industry in this region and to provide more effective management practices and recommendations. The information gained from this review allowed the identification and discussion of the challenges and opportunities for shellfish production worldwide; an insight into production in NI; and preliminary recommendations for improving this industry. As a result, the review offers important foundations and lessons for other aquaculture production units across the world to assess their industry.</p