Exploring Identity and Negotiation among Women Military Interrogators through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Post-modern feminist security studies explore how our discourse about gender and war affects the construction of security as a concept. Military narratives valorizing the masculine over the feminine have long marginalized women warriors. In recent years, images of the torture and abuse of detainees have appropriated the representation of women interrogators during the Global War on Terrorism in particular. This research applied interpretative phenomenological analysis to the narratives of women interrogators in order to challenge the silence concerning their lived experiences by addressing how women interrogators understand their experiences both as woman and as interrogators, and how they negotiated socially constructed contradictions between these identities. Based on an analysis of semi-structured interviews with eight participants, the findings produced seven, interrelated themes. First, the findings explored the integration of gender with other markers of identity. Next, the findings demonstrated women interrogators recognize gender as a context-dependent role negotiated within the military institution through the development and demonstration of technical prowess. Then, the findings described interrogation as a complex adaptive system in which women interrogators harnessed to achieve their goals. Finally, the findings determined that the intersection of women interrogators’ identities and their interactions in the context of interrogation operations generated the perception of women interrogators as non-threatening. Women interrogators learned to exploit the meaning of this emergent phenomenon through introspection and the development of self-awareness

Indigenous Peoples’ Right to Self-Determination and Other Rights Related to Access to Justice: Normative Framework

When speaking of Indigenous Peoples and access to justice, it is important to understand the historical contextual framework for the litany of injustices perpetrated against Indigenous Peoples in order to determine if we can in fact ever “reconcile” the dramatically different worldviews of Indigenous Peoples and others, and in particular nation-States. In my view, the cultural clashes experienced by most, if not all, Indigenous Peoples across the globe have crystallized or hardened to the point that full reconciliation may not ever be possible. I have been asked to provide an overview of the normative framework needed to begin to right the wrongs concerning access to justice, including truth and reconciliation. The normative framework necessary has been established by the Declaration—the most comprehensive international human rights instrument specifically concerning Indigenous Peoples. And, in this regard, the Declaration articles must be read as a whole and in context. Like all other human rights, these minimum standards are inter-related, inter-dependent, indivisible, and inter-connected. I would like to emphasize the right of self-determination and a number of articles relevant to the collective rights of Indigenous Peoples, then conclude with a few comments on developments in Alaska, as a hopeful example of improving access to justice through Indigenous self-determination and “partnership” or cooperation with others

Vulnerable Narcissism and First-Person Singular Pronoun Use

Who talks about themselves most frequently? Recent research has explored the top correlates of self-focused language use. Depression and negative emotionality tend to appear as key positive correlates. Surprisingly, narcissism—which is largely known for its trait of self-centeredness—is not a major correlate of self-focused language use. Studies demonstrating this null effect have only measured grandiose narcissism, while entirely neglecting vulnerable narcissism. By using a survey methodology with carefully-selected trait inventories and a language task, the purpose of this study is to fill the gap in the literature—to see whether vulnerable narcissism accounts for talking about oneself, above and beyond the common correlates of depression and negative emotionality. Our findings from a large number of college students (valid N = 471) indicated that vulnerable narcissism is significantly positively correlated with first-person singular pronoun use; however, it does not predict the outcome above and beyond traditional predictors. Along with establishing this novel correlation, these findings have clear practical implications which will be detailed further in this paper

A study of dropout characteristics and school-level effects on dropout prevention

This sequential, three-phase study used quantitative analyses to examine the characteristics of student dropouts and the characteristics of schools successful and unsuccessful in mediating dropouts. Narrative profiles were created to describe types of students and types of dropouts. Phase I consisted of three parts, each using the student as the unit of analysis. Part One examined the profile of all Louisiana dropouts. Part Two involved the creation of clusters of dropouts and non-dropouts combined. Part Three focused on the creation of dropout clusters. In Phase II, the percents of potential dropouts were calculated for 301 schools using the dropout characteristics from Phase I. The purpose of this phase was to classify schools into one of nine cells in a 3 x 3 contingency table that crossed three levels of Percent of Actual Dropouts with three levels of Percent of Potential Dropouts. In Phase III, a MANOVA was conducted using a 1 x 4 design. The levels of the independent variable were four school categories from the Phase II contingency table: consistently high dropouts schools, consistently low dropouts schools, schools more effective in dropout prevention, and schools less effective dropout prevention. The cluster analysis results for the non-dropouts and dropouts yielded three clusters: high achievers, average achievers, and low achievers. The cluster analysis for the dropouts also resulted in three clusters: quiet dropouts, typical dropouts, and high-achieving pushouts. The MANOVA produced overall significant differences among the set of dependent variables (attendance rate, class size, student achievement, suspension rate, teacher certification, and teacher test scores). The planned contrasts results showed that consistently low dropouts schools had significantly higher student achievement than the less effective schools, while the more effective schools had significantly higher attendance rates and student achievement than the consistently high dropouts schools. These findings have two major implications for dropout prevention. First, dropout prevention programs should have components that reach all types of potential dropouts. Second, more extensive efforts should be made to obtain the reasons individual students drop out. Students who drop out for like reasons could be studied to develop prevention measures for similar students

The hippocampus and visual perception

In this review, we will discuss the idea that the hippocampus may be involved in both memory and perception, contrary to theories that posit functional and neuroanatomical segregation of these processes. This suggestion is based on a number of recent neuropsychological and functional neuroimaging studies that have demonstrated that the hippocampus is involved in the visual discrimination of complex spatial scene stimuli. We argue that these findings cannot be explained by long-term memory or working memory processing or, in the case of patient findings, dysfunction beyond the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Instead, these studies point toward a role for the hippocampus in higher-order spatial perception. We suggest that the hippocampus processes complex conjunctions of spatial features, and that it may be more appropriate to consider the representations for which this structure is critical, rather than the cognitive processes that it mediates

The Medicalization of Communication: An Analysis of the Policies and Educational Practices Surrounding Patient and Physician Interaction

This dissertation explores the medicalization domains through three studies to assert that communication exists in all facets of the patient- physician relationship. The first study is a policy analysis that examines the institutional domain through policies and educational standards created in the medical community that dictate the importance of communication. The second study examines medical students\u27 level of clinical empathy using the Jefferson Scales of Empathy. The second study ties to the conceptual domain of the medicalization of communication, showing the creation of terminology (i.e., clinical empathy, clinical communication) helps uniquely identify and measure empathy through communication. The third study examines residents in practice and utilizes the interactional domain of communication needed to provide clinical outcomes by creating shared goals between patients and physicians. All three studies provided a comprehensive examination of policies and educational practices surrounding the patient-physician interaction and serve to build a model of the medicalization of communication through all three domains: institutional, conceptual, and interactional

A aprendizagem de Ina Von Binzer

DOI: 10.28998/0103-6858.1996v2n18p135-14

Catalyst for Change: A Grassroots Implementation of a Residency Communication Curriculum and Resulting Culture Change

Issue: Effective physician-patient communication is essential to end-of-life care. The teaching approach of end-of-life care communication skills has evolved over decades, from an apprenticeship model to coached practice. With this evolution of practice and teaching, also comes a continuously evolving culture that often carries remnants of prior practices. Learning complex communication skills requires a curriculum of coached practice that may be challenging to implement in settings where apprenticeship models prevail. Evidence: In this article we explore structures of change as an approach to ongoing curriculum development and associated culture change: the ‘path-goal theory’ and the ‘program development cycle.’ We explore these two models through iterations of a communication skills curriculum for internal medicine residents to understand the factors that contributed to each iterative change as well as the resulting effect on the institutional culture. We also highlight the importance of a grassroots voice in identifying tensions between culture and behaviors. Through this reflection, we show that a step-wise approach leads to incremental practice and culture change through the incremental support of all parties involved (students, educators, institution). Implications: We show that an educational intervention that challenges existing cultural norms requires stepwise implementation and adaptation as stakeholders and resources evolve. Notably, local institutional culture shapes institutional practices and, in turn, influences the teaching of communication skills. This article provides a reflection on how residency programs can find success in curricular implementation by being attuned to local resources, structure, and learner practices

“Convento de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios – Reutilização Museológica de um Património Conventual”.

Resumo: Pretende-se fazer a abordagem de um conjunto conventual que passou por vicissitudes várias desde a sua desocupação pelos frades carmelitas, exigida pela extinção das ordens religiosas e a sua reutilização atual que contribui para que este património continue vivo e em condições de ser transmitido às gerações vindouras, nas melhores condições. O Convento de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios, foi casa religiosa fundada por iniciativa do bispo de Évora D. Teotónio de Bragança datando a sagração da igreja conventual do ano de 1614. Integrando a reformada Ordem dos Carmelitas possuía regra austera que obrigava a pobreza e despojamento rigorosos. O carisma contemplativo e apostólico das comunidades dos Carmelitas Descalços inspiravam-se na acção de Jesus “ora orando isolado no deserto, ora em piedosa intervenção quando no meio da multidão”. Situando-se o convento no exterior da muralha medieva, em área anexa às Portas de Alconchel, à época principal ligação da cidade com o exterior, era local privilegiado de circulação de pessoas e bens. Possui a igreja orientação sudeste/noroeste desenvolvendo-se o claustro para sudoeste, rodeando-se este com os compartimentos necessários à vida da comunidade religiosa: a sudeste, a ala onde se situava a sala do Capítulo, refeitório e escada “regular” de acesso ao dormitório do piso superior, subdividido em celas; a sudoeste dependências de serviço, nomeadamente o refeitório e cozinha; a noroeste, localiza-se a igreja assim como o pequeno compartimento para os livros de orações e a noroeste, na ala dos “mossos”, localiza-se ainda hoje a primitiva portaria. Possivelmente existiriam aí outros compartimentos como sala de aula, hospedaria, enfermaria, refeitório para os “noviços”, dependências para armazenamento de víveres e um acesso entre os dois pisos a ligar ao dormitório. No tardoz do altar-mor da igreja, no prolongamento da ala claustral, existe ainda hoje a sacristia assim como capela mortuária de um dos benfeitores da casa. A cerca conventual envolvia o conjunto edificado pelos lados sudoeste e sueste situando-se as ligações com o espaço público a noroeste. Passados cerca de 200 anos sobre a sua saída dos frades carmelitas, a igreja é utilizada atualmente para a realização de recitais e aulas de música clássica e canto, a capela funerária é ocupada por gabinete, a sacristia é local de aulas de música, a sala do capítulo foi transformada em espaço para crianças mantendo o “refeitório dos frades” a anterior função. As alas sudoeste e dos “mossos” estão totalmente reestruturadas sendo hoje ampla galeria de exposições. O andar superior ocupado pelas celas foi totalmente remodelado aí existindo amplos espaços destinados a exposições e actividades complementares. A cerca, cedida pela Fazenda Pública à Câmara Municipal de Évora em 1839, foi no ano seguinte reutilizada como cemitério. Os serviços necessários à sua manutenção encontram-se igualmente instalados no atual conjunto edificado