Caminhos alternativos: escravidão e reprodução em Minas Gerais no século XIX

Among the factors which influenced slave demography in Brazil perhaps the most important was the degree of involvement in the traditional colonial export economy. By the late eighteenth century, the Brazilian domestic market had consolidated and the correponding productive activities demanded a considerable slave labor force. At different periods and in different regions slave populations largely engaged in the production of foodstuffs for domestic consumption proved capable of natural increase. Post gold rush Minas Gerais wasthe largest and most expressive region dedicated to the doiriestic market. Based on new evidence, it will be demonstrated that, despite the enormous pressures of the international slave trade, the mineiro slave population of the 1830s was partially sustained by way of natural increase and that a generation after the termination of the trade it was fully reproductive.Entre os fatores que influenciaram a demografia escrava talvez o mais importante tenha sido o grau de envolvimento na tradicional economia colonial de exportação. Ate o final do seculo XVIII o mercado interno brasileiro havia se consolidado e as atividades produtivas correspondentes demandavam uma força de trabalho escrava considerável. Em períodos e regiões diierentes, varias populações cativas engajadas na produção de gêneros alimentícios, destinados ao consumo interno, se comprovaram capazes de reprodução natural. Apos o ciclo aurífero, Minas Gerais constitui a maior e mais expressiva região dedicada ao mercado interno. Baseado em novas evidências, demonstrar-se-a que, a despeito das enormes pressões do tráfico negreiro internacional, a população escrava mineira da década de 1830 se sustentava, emparte, por meio da reprodução natural e que uma geração após o término do tráfico encontrava-se plenamente reprodutiva

A prenylated dsRNA sensor protects against severe COVID-19

Inherited genetic factors can influence the severity of COVID-19, but the molecular explanation underpinning a genetic association is often unclear. Intracellular antiviral defenses can inhibit the replication of viruses and reduce disease severity. To better understand the antiviral defenses relevant to COVID-19, we used interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression screening to reveal that OAS1, through RNase L, potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2. We show that a common splice-acceptor SNP (Rs10774671) governs whether people express prenylated OAS1 isoforms that are membrane-associated and sense specific regions of SARS-CoV-2 RNAs, or only express cytosolic, nonprenylated OAS1 that does not efficiently detect SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, in hospitalized patients, expression of prenylated OAS1 was associated with protection from severe COVID-19, suggesting this antiviral defense is a major component of a protective antiviral response

2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease

The recommendations listed in this document are, whenever possible, evidence based. An extensive evidence review was conducted as the document was compiled through December 2008. Repeated literature searches were performed by the guideline development staff and writing committee members as new issues were considered. New clinical trials published in peer-reviewed journals and articles through December 2011 were also reviewed and incorporated when relevant. Furthermore, because of the extended development time period for this guideline, peer review comments indicated that the sections focused on imaging technologies required additional updating, which occurred during 2011. Therefore, the evidence review for the imaging sections includes published literature through December 2011