Tools to keep brands on the market

Brand purpose is to increase shareholders’ wealth and making profit. Considering the organizations economic environment changes and the fall of the most markets, the paper is focused on the general forces impeding the brand development and on finding some tools to strengthen the brands.marketing strategy; brand’s vision; brand management

THE FIRM’S PATRIMONY – AN INTERNATIONAL APPROACH

The organization environment is characterized by uncertainty and risk that have an important impact of strategic management. In order to face this problem the managers need to plan their strategies. A useful tool in strategic planning is forecasting, but it is difficult to be applied in uncertain environment. This paper briefly discusses these aspects and proposes a model that uses scenarios in strategic planning.uncertainty and risk, strategic management, strategic planning process, scenarios

Issues of standardization concerning organizational culture in change management

This paper is a challenge in taking another view on cultural elements, considered to be more specific then any other strategic issues of management. The paper is structured into the following parts: cultural dimensions and variables; barriers to the organizational culture change and organizational culture change and its adaptation to world values. Conclusions lead to the possibilities of standardizing some related to organizational culture issues, such as: communication, relations and organization’s flexibility, which may be considered as organizational culture elements that are to be standardized.change management; organizational culture; standardization

Mechanism Design with Limited Commitment

We develop a tool akin to the revelation principle for mechanism design with limited commitment. We identify a canonical class of mechanisms rich enough to replicate the payoffs of any equilibrium in a mechanism-selection game between an uninformed designer and a privately informed agent. A cornerstone of our methodology is the idea that a mechanism should encode not only the rules that determine the allocation, but also the information the designer obtains from the interaction with the agent. Therefore, how much the designer learns, which is the key tension in design with limited commitment, becomes an explicit part of the design. We show how this insight can be used to transform the designer's problem into a constrained optimization one: To the usual truthtelling and participation constraints, one must add the designer's sequential rationality constraint.Comment: Added an omitted assumption in Section 4 (see footnote 21 and the proof of Proposition 4.1

Comparing Neural- and N-Gram-Based Language Models for Word Segmentation

Word segmentation is the task of inserting or deleting word boundary characters in order to separate character sequences that correspond to words in some language. In this article we propose an approach based on a beam search algorithm and a language model working at the byte/character level, the latter component implemented either as an n-gram model or a recurrent neural network. The resulting system analyzes the text input with no word boundaries one token at a time, which can be a character or a byte, and uses the information gathered by the language model to determine if a boundary must be placed in the current position or not. Our aim is to use this system in a preprocessing step for a microtext normalization system. This means that it needs to effectively cope with the data sparsity present on this kind of texts. We also strove to surpass the performance of two readily available word segmentation systems: The well-known and accessible Word Breaker by Microsoft, and the Python module WordSegment by Grant Jenks. The results show that we have met our objectives, and we hope to continue to improve both the precision and the efficiency of our system in the future.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, accepted in Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technolog

Sobre la cuestión acerca de la gramaticalización de las construcciones sin sujeto en alemán

In diesem Aufsatz geht es um eine korpusbasierte Studie zu den aktiven subjektlosen Konstruktionen im heutigen Deutschen. Zunächst wird der Untersuchungsbereich festgelegt, indem auf die Definition der subjektlosen Konstruktionen und auf deren Abgrenzung von anderen unpersönlichen Konstruktionen eingegangen wird. Anschließend wird die historische Entwicklung des subjektlosen Musters im Deutschen dargelegt und mit seiner Entwicklung in anderen germanischen Sprachen wie dem Englischen und dem Isländischen verglichen. Schließlich werden die verschiedenen Mechanismen der Subjektivierung analysiert und die Frage erörtert, wie sich dieser Konstruktionswandel erklären lässt. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist es zu zeigen, dass solche Konstruktionen, auch wenn sie heute wegen ihrer sehr geringen Häufigkeit praktisch als Sprachrelikte angesehen werden dürfen, eine nicht vollendete Phase in der Grammatikalisierung des formalen Subjekts-es darstellen, da die unpersönliche Konstruktion (subjektlos bzw. subjekthaltig) infolge der Subjektprominenz durch das persönliche Muster an die Peripherie des Sprachsystems geraten ist.This paper is a corpus-based study on the active subjectless clauses in contemporary German. First, I defined the object of research by referring to the definition of subjectless clauses and their differentiation from other impersonal clauses. Then the historical development of the German subjectless pattern is presented and compared with its development in other Germanic languages as in English and Icelandic. Finally, the different mechanisms of subjectification are analyzed and the question is discussed, how this structure change can be explained. The aim of this study is to show that such structures, even if today they can be considered as language relics because of their very low incidence, constitute an unconcluded phase in the grammaticalization process of formal subject-es. That is due to the fact, that the impersonal construction was displaced to the periphery of the language system as a result of German subject prominence.Este artículo es un trabajo basado en corpus sobre las construcciones activas sin sujeto del alemán contemporáneo. Primero se delimita el objeto de estudio, debatiendo la definición de construcción sin sujeto y su delimitación frente a otras construcciones impersonales. A continuación se analizan las cláusulas sin sujeto en el alemán actual y se repasa su evolución desde el alemán antiguo, contrastándolo también con la que han tenido en otras lenguas germánicas como inglés o islandés. Por último, se describen los diferentes mecanismos de subjetivización de estas cláusulas y se discuten los factores que han motivado estos cambios de estructura. El objetivo de este estudio es demostrar que estas estructuras sin sujeto, que en el alemán actual por su baja frecuencia puedan ser consideradas como arcaísmos, representan una fase inconclusa en la gramaticalización del sujeto formal es. Ello se debe a que la estructura impersonal (con y sin sujeto gramatical) fue desplazada a la periferia del sistema lingüístico alemán como resultado de la generalización de la construcción personal

Approaches on investments in continuing management knowledge turnover apprising

This paper approaches the problem of knowledge accumulation by the management team of organizations, but specially that ones focused on obtaining profit in order to obtain competitive advantage. After a brief presentation of the general context, the idea of continuing learning as investment is developed, tacit and explicit knowledge are differentiated and a grouping of knowledge into standardized, specialized and created knowledge is proposed. Further is proposed a process of continuing learning process for management team and the stages of continuing learning. Finally, a model of appraising investments in management knowledge turnover is also proposed.learning; knowledge; investments in management knowledge; investments in knowledge turnover

QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR

The paper focuses on the need for quality products and services assurance in the public sector, which in time became one of the fundamental objectives of all public institutions and administrative authorities of developed countries. The paper deals with modaliati performance in public administration that involves a continuous assessment, which takes into account the existing situation, to formulate real solutions to improve the quality of services they provide. Framework for Self-assessment of the functioning of institutions of public administration (CAF) is one of the tools that public sector organizations can use to identify areas that need to be improved so as to respond more quickly and more specifically the growing needs and various beneficiaries / citizens. The paper is based on a case study - Self Directorate Infrastructure and Technology Transfer of the National Authority for Scientific ResearchPerformance in public sector, quality assurance in public sector, performance self-evaluation

IMPLICATIONS OF ETHICAL VALUES ON MANAGEMENT

The problems of ethical values represent a subject that is present so often in the theoretical studies on business management, but it is treated with insufficient attention at the level of business community. The paper talks about the managerial ethics trough the perspective of the approach as a significant factor in achieving a consistent and long term success in business. By pleading for the necessity of developing authentic moral values in the business management and motivating this must by bringing arguments from the managerial practice, the paper insists on the fact that the observance of the moral values that are universally recognised sustain and consolidate the company’s reputation, giving it stability and safety, making it trust worthy in the environment it acts in.ethics, managerial ethics, organizational culture, business success