Electrical determination of the valence-band discontinuity in HgTe-CdTe heterojunctions

Current-voltage behavior is studied experimentally in a Hg0.78Cd0.22Te-CdTe-Hg0.78Cd0.22Te heterostructure grown by molecular beam epitaxy. At temperatures above 160 K, energy-band diagrams suggest that the dominant low-bias current is thermionic hole emission across the CdTe barrier layer. This interpretation yields a direct determination of 390±75 meV for the HgTe-CdTe valence-band discontinuity at 300 K. Similar analyses of current-voltage data taken at 190–300 K suggest that the valence-band offset decreases at low temperatures in this heterojunction

Composite-Fermion Picture for the Spin-Wave Excitation in the fractional quantum Hall system

Spin-wave excitation mode from the spin-polarized ground state in the fractional quantum Hall liquid with odd fractions ($\nu=1/3,1/5$) numerically obtained by the exact diagonalization of finite systems is shown to be accurately described, for wavelengths exceeding the magnetic length, in terms of the composite-fermion mean-field approximation for the spin-wave (magnon) theory formulated in the spherical geometry. This indicates that the composite picture extends to excited states, and also provides the spin stiffness in terms of peculiar exchange interactions.Comment: 10 pages, typeset in LATEX, NA-94-05, 2 figures available upon request at [email protected]

"Aussie humour" or racism? Hey Hey It's Saturday and the denial of racism in online responses to news media articles

In early October 2009, a blackface parody of the Jackson Five performed on the Hey Hey It’s Saturday reunion reached not only an audience of over 2.5 million people in Australia, but also millions of people around the world after guest judge Harry Connick Jr accused the skit and the show of racism. The incident was widely discussed within various online communities, and whilst widely condemned internationally, online comment sections and responses to online newspaper polls suggested that the overwhelming opinion within Australia was that the skit was not racist. This paper considers the way in which such denials of racism were performed in online comments to a number of newspaper articles and polls.Clemence Du

An investigation into the role of the skin odorants and microbiota in the attraction of malaria mosquitoes to human beings.

Skin microbiota plays an important role in human body odour production, and mosquitoes primarily use olfaction to locate their hosts, therefore, an understanding of the mosquito important compounds released by bacteria could be exploited for a novel intervention. This project investigated the role of skin bacteria on mosquito attractiveness to human beings. In order to investigate this, 30 volunteers were recruited and asked to comply with a washing regime. Bacteria and odour samples were taken from the feet, back, forearm and axilla of 30 volunteers. Odour was collected using nylon stocking that were worn overnight and by carrying out headspace entrainment for each body site. The nylon stockings were tested behaviourally to An. stephensi . Volunteers’ feet increased in attractiveness to An. stephensi between day 1 and day 4, however the other sites (axilla, forearm and upper back) did not. The heaspace entrainment samples were pooled together according to the body site and visit and tested with coupled Gas chromatography - electroantennography (GC - EAG) to test which compounds were detected by mosquitoes. 52 compounds were found to be EAG active across all sites. The samples were individually analysed with GC, and bacteria samples were sequenced with 16S rRna, and a correlation was done for each body site. Over 60 bacteria significantly changed between day 1 and day 5 for feet, however fewer bacteria significantly changed for the other sites (1 bacteria for axilla, 3 for forear m and 10 for the upper back). Furthermore, the correlations for feet revealed that the following compounds: Ethyl - cyclohexane (RI 841), 2 - nonanal (RI 1130 ), menthol (RI 1172) and RI 1232, RI 1711 and RI 1817 ( unidentified ) were associated with Phascolarcto bacterium, Tyzzerella, Sutterella, Turicella, Schlegelella, Oryzihumus, Parabacteroides, Megasphaera, Shingopxis, Paludibacter, Ralstonia, Tuberibacillus and Peptococcus. This study demonstrated that the interactions between bacteria and compounds are highly complex and further research is needed to explore a causal relationship between the two

Does Pelletizing Catalysts Influence the Efficiency Number of Activity Measurements? Spectrochemical Engineering Considerations for an Accurate Operando Study

International audienc

Large-Scale Mapping of Small Roads in Lidar Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Detailed and complete mapping of forest roads is important for the forest industry since they are used for timber transport by trucks with long trailers. This paper proposes a new automatic method for large-scale mapping forest roads from airborne laser scanning data. The method is based on a fully convolutional neural network that performs end-to-end segmentation. To train the network, a large set of image patches with corresponding road label information are applied. The final network is then applied to detect and map forest roads from lidar data covering the Etnedal municipality in Norway. The results show that we are able to map the forest roads with an overall accuracy of 97.2%. We conclude that the method has a strong potential for large-scale operational mapping of forest roads

Playing at the edges: use of playground spaces in South Australian primary schools with new arrivals programmes

Resettlement in Australia can be a stressful experience for migrants who are largely expected to quickly assimilate into the broader Australian culture. This expectation is heightened for those people who arrive as refugees, and particularly those who arrive without humanitarian visas and must endure mandatory detention. For both migrants and refugees, attempts at establishing themselves or developing a sense of belonging to their new community are likely significantly hindered by the welcome (or otherwise) they are provided with and the terms upon which inclusion is offered. This paper uses a multi-method approach to examine how these issues of belonging and inclusion played out in the use of space in two South Australian primary schools that include a programme (NAP) for new arrived students. The paper considers the way in which NAP and non-NAP students utilise playground spaces, and compares and contrasts these observations with the views of teachers at the schools. Specifically, the findings indicate that NAP students were largely relegated to the margins of the playground and experienced difficulty in claiming school spaces as their own. The paper concludes by making suggestions for schools on the basis of the findings, with a focus upon examining the power relations that exist between NAP and non-NAP students and the role of schools in developing a global understanding of inclusion and exclusion.C. Due and D. W. Rigg

Men's grief and support following pregnancy loss: A qualitative investigation of service providers’ perspectives

Published online: 09 Nov 2019This study explores service providers’ experiences of supporting men following a miscarriage or stillbirth in Australia. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were completed with seven service providers including midwives, grief counselors and social workers. Participants highlighted that, despite the individual nature of men’s grief, there is a need to recognize and address the additional expectations and responsibilities that may compound their experience. Within an environment focused on woman-centered care, participants described creative strategies and inclusive language to promote engagement of men. Further research exploring men’s grief is needed to inform training and guidelines for healthcare professionals who work with bereaved families.Kate Louise Obst and Clemence Du

Transmission of and Views About Family Values in an Australian Convenience Sample: A Mixed Methods Study

OnlinePublFamily values operate in both immediate (i.e., familial) and broader social contexts. This study used a mixed methods approach to examine both forms of family values in the Australian context. A convenience sample of 856 people completed a measure of family values about both their own values and their perceived values of one of their parents, and a measure of familism. Using a story completion approach, a majority of the sample also responded to three story stems focused on the perceived values held by fictional families. Quantitative findings identified relationships between participant and perceived parent values in terms of gender. Participants reported high levels of familism, predicted by religiosity, age, and being a parent. Qualitative findings suggested that some participants were mindful of discrimination faced by the fictional families, but many participants also provided deficit accounts.Damien W. Riggs, and Clemence Du

Wearable smart sensor systems integrated on soft contact lenses for wireless ocular diagnostics

Wearable contact lenses which can monitor physiological parameters have attracted substantial interests due to the capability of direct detection of biomarkers contained in body fluids. However, previously reported contact lens sensors can only monitor a single analyte at a time. Furthermore, such ocular contact lenses generally obstruct the field of vision of the subject. Here, we developed a multifunctional contact lens sensor that alleviates some of these limitations since it was developed on an actual ocular contact lens. It was also designed to monitor glucose within tears, as well as intraocular pressure using the resistance and capacitance of the electronic device. Furthermore, in-vivo and in-vitro tests using a live rabbit and bovine eyeball demonstrated its reliable operation. Our developed contact lens sensor can measure the glucose level in tear fluid and intraocular pressure simultaneously but yet independently based on different electrical responses.ope