Industrial storage applications overview

The implementation of a technology demonstration for the food processing industry, development and technology demonstrations for selected near-term, in-plant applications and advanced industrial applications of thermal energy storage are overviewed

The role of thermal energy storage in industrial energy conservation

Thermal Energy Storage for Industrial Applications is a major thrust of the Department of Energy's Thermal Energy Storage Program. Utilizing Thermal Energy Storage (TES) with process or reject heat recovery systems is shown to be extremely beneficial for several applications. Recent system studies resulting from contracts awarded by the Department of Energy (DOE) identified four especially significant industries where TES appears attractive - food processing, paper and pulp, iron and steel, and cement. Potential annual fuel savings with large scale implementation of near term TES systems for these industries is over 9,000,000 bbl of oil. This savings is due to recuperation and storage in the food processing industry, direct fuel substitution in the paper and pulp industry and reduction in electric utility peak fuel use through inplant production of electricity from utilization of reject heat in the steel and cement industries

Fabrication of cooled, graphite-lined structures

Improved method of fabricating cooled graphite-lined thrust chamber has been developed. Layer of nickel is electrodeposited onto outer surface of machined and contoured graphite liner. Coolant passages are machined into nickel layer, filled with wax, outer shell electroformed over this, and wax removed. Tests in flox/methane rocket engine were completely successful

Design and evaluation of convectively cooled nozzles

Computer program utilizes a desired gas sidewall temperature profile as an input and calculates the coolant passage dimensions required to achieve it. Second program utilizes fixed coolant passage dimensions as an input and calculates the resulting temperature profile

Theravada Buddhismus aus feministischer Perspektive

1. Die Lehre des Buddhismus ist die Lehre von Ursache und Wirkung. Buddha sagt:"Wer das bedingte Entstehen versteht, versteht Dharma, wer den Dharma versteht, versteht das bedingte Entstehen". Dharma ist die Lehre des Buddha. Dharma bedeutet "Wahrheit", "Gesetzmäßigkeit", "Naturgesetzt". Die gesamte Lehre von Buddha handelt von Menschen, von uns und von der Natur. Buddha hat ein andermal gesagt: "Die Lehre über das Entstehen in Abhängigkeit ist sehr tiefgründig und subtil". Nur mit dem Intellekt können wir es nicht "verstehen." Wörter sind leider nur ein lineares intellektuelles Mittel, was begrenzt ist...

High strength, wire-reinforced electroformed structures

Using half-round reinforcing wires, electrodeposited matrix metal readily fills spaces between wires in intimate contact with wires and without voids. Procedure combines advantages of electroforming with high-strength of commonly available wire to produce non-welded shell structures for high pressure uses

Thermal energy storage for industrial waste heat recovery

The potential is examined for waste heat recovery and reuse through thermal energy storage in five specific industrial categories: (1) primary aluminum, (2) cement, (3) food processing, (4) paper and pulp, and (5) iron and steel. Preliminary results from Phase 1 feasibility studies suggest energy savings through fossil fuel displacement approaching 0.1 quad/yr in the 1985 period. Early implementation of recovery technologies with minimal development appears likely in the food processing and paper and pulp industries; development of the other three categories, though equally desirable, will probably require a greater investment in time and dollars

The determinants of allowance prices in the European emissions trading scheme: Can we expect an efficient allowance market 2008?

The European emissions trading scheme (EU-ETS) for CO2 is the largest existing emissions trading scheme in the world. The main reason for the implementation of this scheme is to reach the European Kyoto targets at minimal cost and to establish a price for emissions. The right to emit CO2 therefore becomes a scarce production input. In this paper we want to analyze the determinants of the price for allowances in the EU-ETS and study whether it reacts to fundamental influence factors such as energy prices. The results show, that as long as the market viewed the allowances as a scarce input factor, the price reacts to changes in energy prices and weather variations

Effect of exercise intensity and volume on persistence of insulin sensitivity during training cessation

Effect of exercise intensity and volume on persistence of insulin sensitivity during training cessation. J Appl Physiol 106: 1079â 1085, 2009. First published February 5, 2009; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91262.2008. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise prescriptions differing in volume or intensity also differ in their ability to retain insulin sensitivity during an ensuing period of training cessation. Sedentary, overweight/obese subjects were assigned to one of three 8-mo exercise programs: 1) low volume/moderate intensity [equivalent of 12 miles/wk, 1,200 kcal/wk at 40-55% peak O2 consumption (VO2peak), 200 min exercise/wk], 2) low volume/vigorous intensity (12 miles/wk, 1,200 kcal/wk at 65-80% VO2peak, 125 min/wk), and 3) high volume/vigorous intensity (20 miles/wk, 2,000 kcal/wk at 65-80% VO2peak, 200 min/wk). Insulin sensitivity (intravenous glucose tolerance test, SI) was measured when subjects were sedentary and at 16-24 h and 15 days after the final training bout. SI increased with training compared with the sedentary condition (P less than or equal to 0.05) at 16-24 h with all of the exercise prescriptions. SI decreased to sedentary, pretraining values after 15 days of training cessation in the low-volume/vigorous-intensity group. In contrast, at 15 days SI was significantly elevated compared with sedentary (P less than or equal to 0.05) in the prescriptions utilizing 200 min/wk (low volume/moderate intensity, high volume/vigorous intensity). In the high-volume/vigorous-intensity group, indexes of muscle mitochondrial density followed a pattern paralleling insulin action by being elevated at 15 days compared with pretraining; this trend was not evident in the low-volume/moderateintensity group. These findings suggest that in overweight/obese subjects a relatively chronic persistence of enhanced insulin action may be obtained with endurance-oriented exercise training; this persistence, however, is dependent on the characteristics of the exercise training performed