The Application of E-Module Based on Problem-Based Learning to Improve the Scientific Process Skill and to Reduce Misconceptionin the X MIA 2 Graders of SMA Batik 1 Surakarta

This research aimed to reduce misconception and improve the scientific process skill in the X MIA 2 graders of SMA Batik 1 Surakarta through the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning. This study was a Classroom Action Research consisting of 2 cycles. Each cycle consisted of four stages: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subject of research was the X MIA 2 graders of SMA Batik 1 Surakarta consisting of 42 students. Techniques of collecting data used were multiple choice test and observation to measured scientific process skill, open-ended reasoning of Two-Tier Diagnostic Test to measure misconseption, and interveiw as the proponent data related learning process. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative technique consist of three component: data reduction, data presentation, and taking the conclusion. Data validation was carried out using triangulation method. Target of research was 20% to reduced misconseption and 30% to increased scientific process skill at the end of the cycle. The result of research showed that there was a decreased misconception in ecological concept: population of 51.31%, community of 43.73%, ecosystem of 39.36, and science, environment, technology and community (salingtemas) ecology of 54.33%. On the other side, the result of research also showes that there was an increased scientific process skill in all aspects: observing of 36.52%, categorizing of 19.95%, predicting of 32.92%, interpreting of 33.75%, measuring of 35.66%, communicating of 38.31%, designing experiment of 48.80%, experimenting of 41.38%, asking question of 31.02%, hypothesizing of 31.62%, and applying concept of 39.38%. The conclusion of this research describes that the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning is able to reduce misconception and improve the scientific process skill among the students

Defects in Silicon-Germanium Strained Epitaxial Layers

The energies of one and two-dimensional dislocation arrays lying neara free surface are evaluated directly from the stress fields of single dislocationsin a half-space. These results are used to obtain expressions giving theequilibrium spacings of a number of different arrays relieving misfit in astrained epitaxial system. Numerical calculations are performed for the case ofedge and 60º dislocations relieving strain in a silicon-germanium layerdeposited on a silicon substrate. This method is also used to calculate theenergies of various low angle grain boundaries in a half-space. Single-ended dislocation sources are observed using transmissionelectron microscopy in two short-period Si-Ge superlattices grown on Si(100).Their formation is linked to the development of non-planar layers during thegrowth of the superlattices. The relaxation of these superlattices takes placeat significantly lower temperatures than equivalently strained homogeneousepilayers. Si-Ge short period superlattices deposited on Si(100) are shown torelax through twinning on {111} planes if the deposited layers become grosslynon-planar. Twinning is accompanied by the formation of a diamondhexagonal phase. No 60· a/2(110) dislocations relieving misfit are present in the strained layer structure. The nature and origin of a new type of defect in Si₁_ᵪGeᵪ/Si strainedlayer structures, the "pagoda" defect, is studied using transmission electronmicroscopy. The defects are found to propagate in a direction determined bythe position of the Si source in unrotated substrates, and to have their originin the role played by SiC particles (left after cleaning the substrate) duringthe growth process. Pits that form at the SiC particles are preserved duringMBE growth and perturb the strained layers, leading to the formation ofpagodas.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD

Hubungan Antara Minat Belajar Dan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa Melalui Konsep Diri Sebagai Mediator.

Pendidikan adalah media yang dapat digunakan untuk menumbuhkan potensi pada diri manusia. Mahasiswa sebagai subjek yang sangat erat dengan pendidikan berada pada fase usia remaja yang dalam masa perkembanganya akan terbentuk sebuah konsep diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat fungsi konsep diri sebagai mediator dalam melihat hubungan antara minat belajar dan dukungan sosial terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Penelian ini menggunakan sampel subjek mahasiswa yang sedang mengambil Tugas akhir pada program studi teknik informatika Universitas Semarang, sebanyak 173 mahasiswwa dan dengan menggunakan teknik sampling slavin, selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan 4 variabel yaitu minat belajar, dukungan sosial, prestasi belajar, dan konsep diri sebagai mediator antar variabel. Sedangkan aspek yang digunakan adalah 10 aspek dengan 96 indikator. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil pengujian Inderect effect menunjukan bahwa minbel memiliki nilai P Value 0.332 > 0.05, yang berarti tidak ada efek mediasi, sedangkan pada duksos P value memiliki nilai 0.291 > 0.05 yang berarti tidak memiliki efek mediasi, sehingga konsepdiri tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh dukungan sosial ke prestasi belajar. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa minat belajar dan dukungan sosial memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap konsep diri

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN MENGURANGI MISKONSEPSI MELALUI PENERAPAN E-MODULE BERBASIS PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING KELAS X MIA 2 SMA BATIK 1 SURAKARTA

This research aimed to improve the scientific process skills and reduce misconception through the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning in the X MIA 2 graders of SMA Batik 1 Surakarta. This research was a Classroom Action Research consisting of 2 cycles. Each cycle consisted of four stages: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subject of research was the X MIA 2 graders of SMA Batik 1 Surakarta consisting of 42 students. Techniques of collecting data used were multiple choice test and observation to measured scientific process skills, open-ended reasoning of Two-Tier Diagnostic Test to measure misconseption, and interveiw as the proponent data related learning process. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative technique consist of three component: data reduction, data presentation, and taking the conclusion. Data validation was carried out using triangulation method. Target of research was 20% to increased scientific process skills and 20%  to reduced misconseption at the end of the cycle. The result of research showed that the scientific process skills to able increased through the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning in all aspects: observing of 29.83%, categorizing of 11.73%, predicting of 37.33%, interpreting of 30.71%, measuring of 35.66%, communicating of 32.39%, designing experiment of 30.04%, experimenting of 21.82%, asking question of 23.42%, hypothesizing of 36.73%, and applying concept of 42.58%. On the other side, the  result of research also showed that there was a decreased misconception in ecological concept: population of 51.31%, community of 43.73%, ecosystem of 39.36%, and science, environment, technology and community (salingtemas) ecology of 54.33%. The conclusion of this research described that there was an increasing scientific process skills of 28.96% and reducing misconception of 47.18% by used the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning. Keywords  : Scientific Process Skills, Misconception, E-Module based on Problem Based Learning

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI KENDARAAN BERMOTOR SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SAMSAT SURABAYA UTARA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel kesadaran wajib pajak, tarif pajak, insentif pajak, metode pembayaran, dan sanksi pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi kendaraan bermotor. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh wajib pajak orang pribadi yang terdaftar di Samsat Surabaya Utara. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, yaitu mengumpulkan data dari responden yang secara kebetulan bertemu dengan peneliti dan responden yang ditemui dipandang cocok sebagi sumber data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membagikan kuesioner kepada para wajib pajak di Samsat Surabaya Utara, yaitu sebanyak 108 kuesioner yang berisi pernyataan untuk dijawab oleh responden. Selain itu juga menggunakan metode studi pustaka yaitu mengumpulkan data yang bersumber dari jurnal atau skripsi terdahulu untuk memperoleh landasan teori dan informasi yang diperlukan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan alat bantu aplikasi SPSS22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel bebas pada penelitian ini yaitu kesadaran wajib pajak, tarif pajak, insentif pajak, metode pembayaran, dan sanksi pajak berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak

Instabilities in crystal growth by atomic or molecular beams

The planar front of a growing a crystal is often destroyed by instabilities. In the case of growth from a condensed phase, the most frequent ones are diffusion instabilities, which will be but briefly discussed in simple terms in chapter II. The present review is mainly devoted to instabilities which arise in ballistic growth, especially Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE). The reasons of the instabilities can be geometric (shadowing effect), but they are mostly kinetic or thermodynamic. The kinetic instabilities which will be studied in detail in chapters IV and V result from the fact that adatoms diffusing on a surface do not easily cross steps (Ehrlich-Schwoebel or ES effect). When the growth front is a high symmetry surface, the ES effect produces mounds which often coarsen in time according to power laws. When the growth front is a stepped surface, the ES effect initially produces a meandering of the steps, which eventually may also give rise to mounds. Kinetic instabilities can usually be avoided by raising the temperature, but this favours thermodynamic instabilities. Concerning these ones, the attention will be focussed on the instabilities resulting from slightly different lattice constants of the substrate and the adsorbate. They can take the following forms. i) Formation of misfit dislocations (chapter VIII). ii) Formation of isolated epitaxial clusters which, at least in their earliest form, are `coherent' with the substrate, i.e. dislocation-free (chapter X). iii) Wavy deformation of the surface, which is presumably the incipient stage of (ii) (chapter IX). The theories and the experiments are critically reviewed and their comparison is qualitatively satisfactory although some important questions have not yet received a complete answer.Comment: 90 pages in revtex, 45 figures mainly in gif format. Review paper to be published in Physics Reports. Postscript versions for all the figures can be found at http://www.theo-phys.uni-essen.de/tp/u/politi

THE EFFORT TO INCREACING SCIENTIFIC PROCESS SKILLS AND REDUCING MISCONCEPTION THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF E-MODULE BASED ON PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN THE X MIA 2 GRADERS OF SMA BATIK 1 SURAKARTA

This research aimed to improve the scientific process skills and reduce misconception through the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning in the X MIA 2 graders of SMA Batik 1 Surakarta. This research was a Classroom Action Research consisting of 2 cycles. Each cycle consisted of four stages: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subject of research was the X MIA 2 graders of SMA Batik 1 Surakarta consisting of 42 students. Techniques of collecting data used were multiple choice test and observation to measured scientific process skills, open-ended reasoning of Two-Tier Diagnostic Test to measure misconseption, and interveiw as the proponent data related learning process. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative technique consist of three component: data reduction, data presentation, and taking the conclusion. Data validation was carried out using triangulation method. Target of research was 20% to increased scientific process skills and 20%  to reduced misconseption at the end of the cycle. The result of research showed that the scientific process skills to able increased through the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning in all aspects: observing of 29.83%, categorizing of 11.73%, predicting of 37.33%, interpreting of 30.71%, measuring of 35.66%, communicating of 32.39%, designing experiment of 30.04%, experimenting of 21.82%, asking question of 23.42%, hypothesizing of 36.73%, and applying concept of 42.58%. On the other side, the  result of research also showed that there was a decreased misconception in ecological concept: population of 51.31%, community of 43.73%, ecosystem of 39.36%, and science, environment, technology and community (salingtemas) ecology of 54.33%. The conclusion of this research described that there was an increasing scientific process skills of 28.96% and reducing misconception of 47.18% by used the application of E-Module based on Problem-Based Learning

PERINGKAT SOLVABILITAS LAYANAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN/KOTA DI WILAYAH JAWA BARAT

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rasio total aset per kapita, rasio total ekuitas per kapita, rasio total aktiva tetap per kapita, rasio total belanja per kapita, rasio total belanja modal per kapita, peringkat solvabilitas layanan, dan kondisi tingkat solvabilitas layanan pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di wilayah Jawa Barat tahun 2016 – 2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif komparatif dan analisis klaster. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 27 pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di wilayah Jawa Barat. Teknik sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sampel jenuh dimana semua populasi dijadikan sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata – rata rasio total aset per kapita, rasio total ekuitas per kapita, dan rasio total aktiva tetap per kapita tertinggi diperoleh Kota Bandung, sedangkan rata – rata rasio total belanja per kapita tertinggi diperoleh Kota Cirebon, dan rata – rata rasio total belanja modal per kapita tertinggi diperoleh Kota Banjar. Kabupaten Pangandaran sebagai pemerintah daerah yang memiliki solvabilitas layanan tertinggi dibandingkan Kabupaten/Kota lainnya, sedangkan Kabupaten Bekasi sebagai pemerintah daerah dengan solvabilitas layanan terendah. Hasil analisis klaster menunjukkan kelompok 1 terdiri atas 14 Kabupaten/Kota dengan kategori ‘rendah’, kelompok 2 terdiri atas 1 Kabupaten/Kota dengan kategori ‘sangat tinggi’, kelompok 3 terdiri atas 11 Kabupaten/Kota dengan kategori ‘sangat rendah’, dan kelompok 4 terdiri atas 1 Kabupaten/Kota dengan kategori ‘tinggi’. Kata Kunci : Solvabilitas layanan, Pemerintah daera