The poetic works of Sergey Yesenin in Germany: translations, editions, and research

The article was submitted on 21.01.2017.This article considers the perception of Sergey Yesenin’s creative work in Germany. Having become acquainted with his works in its own language as early as the 1920s, Germany played the leading role in incorporating Yesenin into Germanlanguage culture. This research is based on the rich history of translation reception (made up of over 300 texts by over 60 translators), criticism and literary studies, and publication history. The article focuses on topical issues of modern literary studies, such as the aesthetics of reception, the dialogue of cultures, comparative studies, and imagology. The perception of the poet reflects the development of Russo-German literary connections in the 20th and 21st centuries. It is possible to single out three stages in the translation reception of Yesenin’s works: acquaintance (1920s), popularisation (1950s–1980s), and the modern period. During the third stage, the reader came closer to understanding the authentic concepts of Yesenin’s poetic semantics and techniques and a better knowledge of his creative work. The peculiarities of the publication history of the poet’s works are to a large extent determined by the above stages, as well as the cultural and historical factors caused by the division of Germany. German-language Yesenin studies are characterised by a vast scope, multiple research strategies, and prominent researchers (D. Chizhevsky, D. Gerhardt, F. Mierau, etc.). The receptive character of the perception determines the combination of literary and translation strategies, which are mutually complementary. Hence, it is quite appropriate to consider German Yesenin studies a separate branch of the world literary studies. The results of German scholars’ work are of significant importance to the history of Russian literature. The final stage of the perception model is the creative perception of the image of the poet as part of one’s native linguistic culture. Dedication poems devoted to Yesenin written by G. Vesper and H. Czechowski in the 1990s are proof of a contemporary German dialogue with the Russian poet.Рассмотрено восприятие творчества Сергея Есенина в Германии. Познакомившись с его наследием на своем родном языке уже в 1920 г., Германия является лидером по объему и масштабу включения Есенина в немецкоязычную культуру. Богатая история переводческой рецепции, которую составляют более 300 текстов и свыше 60 переводчиков, самостоятельность критических и литературоведческих изысканий, разнообразная и масштабная эдиционная история – все это составляет основу исследования. Интерес современного литературоведения к рецептивной эстетике, диалогу культур, компаративистике и имагологии обусловливает актуальность статьи. Восприятие поэта отражает развитие русско-немецких литературных связей в ХХ–ХХI вв. В истории переводческого восприятия поэзии Есенина в Германии выделяется три периода: знакомство (1920-е гг.), популяризация творчества (1950–1980-е гг.), приближение читателя к пониманию аутентичных концептов поэтической семантики и стиховой техники Есенина, к более подробному знакомству с его жизнетворчеством (современный период). Специфика эдиционной истории во многом определяется данной периодизацией, а также культурно-историческим фактом разделения Германии. Немецкоязычное есениноведение характеризуется большим охватом материала, разнообразием исследовательских подходов и знаковостью имен их авторов (Д. Чижевский, Д. Герхардт, Ф. Мирау и др.). Рецептивный характер восприятия обусловливает слияние литературоведческой и переводческой практики, которые взаимно дополняют друг друга. Правомерно рассматривать немецкое есениноведение в качестве самостоятельной ветви мирового литературоведения. Результаты работы немецких ученых имеют высокое значение для истории русской литературы. Итоговым этапом в модели восприятия становится творческое усвоение образа поэта в рамках родной словесности. Созданные в 1990-х гг. стихотворения-посвящения Есенину Г. Веспера и Х. Чеховски отражают творческий диалог современных немецких авторов с русским поэтом.Статья подготовлена при поддержке гранта Президента РФ для молодых российских ученых – докторов наук (проект № МД-4756.2016.6)

Investigation of antioxidant capacity of the extracts of bilberry (VACCINUM MYRTILLIS L.) by voltammetry

This paper deals with the urgent issue of the search of new drugs based on plant raw materials that have an influence on various stages of oxidation processes occurring in the human body. The aim of this paper is to determine the antioxidant activity of the bilberry extracts that are used in the medicine practice by a cathodic voltammetry method. We consider the influence of water and alcohol bilberry extracts on the process of oxygen electroreduction. From these extracts the most activity relation to the process of cathodic oxygen reduction showed alcohol (40%) bilberry extract. It was also stated that the alcohol extract of bilberry has a greater antioxidant activity than other known antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, glucose, dihydroquercetin. Thus, after consideration of a number of plant objects, we showed the possibility of applying the method of cathodic voltammetry for the determination of total antioxidant activity of plant material and identifying and highlighting the most perspective sources of biologically active substances (BAS), as well as the ability of identifying extractants that fully extract BAS from plant raw materials. The activity data of extracts of plant raw materials gives an opportunity of establishing an effective yield phytopreparation based on bilberry that has an antioxidant effect

Investigation of antioxidant properties of metal ascorbates and their mixtures by voltammetry

The paper describes modern ways for selection of anti-radical substances. Molding of such components with a carbon-based material decreases the rate of its oxidative destruction. Addition of such a component to a carbon-based material decreases the rate of its oxidative destruction. The purpose of this study is to determine the antioxidant activity of ascorbates metals (Ca, Mg, Li, Co, Fe), used in the practice of medicine, as well as mixtures based on them together with well-known antioxidants. In this article we examine the effect of metals on the process of ascorbate oxygen electroreduction. From these ascorbates lithium and magnesium ascorbate showed the greatest activity toward cathode oxygen reduction process. Also mixtures with well-known examined antioxidants ascorbate (glucose, dihydroquercetin) were investigated at different concentrations of components. It is shown that the multicomponent mixtures exhibit lower activity than the individual drugs. Recommended the creation of drugs on the basis of ascorbate Mg and Li with not more than 3 number of components

Risk Assessment at the Cosmetic Product Manufacturer by Expert Judgment Method

A case study was performed in a cosmetic product manufacturer. We have identified the main risk factors of occupational accidents and their causes. Risk of accidents is assessed by the expert judgment method. Event tree for the most probable accident is built and recommendations on improvement of occupational health and safety protection system at the cosmetic product manufacturer are developed. The results of this paper can be used to develop actions to improve the occupational safety and health system in the chemical industry

Risk Assessment at the Cosmetic Product Manufacturer by Expert Judgment Method

A case study was performed in a cosmetic product manufacturer. We have identified the main risk factors of occupational accidents and their causes. Risk of accidents is assessed by the expert judgment method. Event tree for the most probable accident is built and recommendations on improvement of occupational health and safety protection system at the cosmetic product manufacturer are developed. The results of this paper can be used to develop actions to improve the occupational safety and health system in the chemical industry

Aurora kinase A drives the evolution of resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer.

Although targeted therapies often elicit profound initial patient responses, these effects are transient due to residual disease leading to acquired resistance. How tumors transition between drug responsiveness, tolerance and resistance, especially in the absence of preexisting subclones, remains unclear. In epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cells, we demonstrate that residual disease and acquired resistance in response to EGFR inhibitors requires Aurora kinase A (AURKA) activity. Nongenetic resistance through the activation of AURKA by its coactivator TPX2 emerges in response to chronic EGFR inhibition where it mitigates drug-induced apoptosis. Aurora kinase inhibitors suppress this adaptive survival program, increasing the magnitude and duration of EGFR inhibitor response in preclinical models. Treatment-induced activation of AURKA is associated with resistance to EGFR inhibitors in vitro, in vivo and in most individuals with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. These findings delineate a molecular path whereby drug resistance emerges from drug-tolerant cells and unveils a synthetic lethal strategy for enhancing responses to EGFR inhibitors by suppressing AURKA-driven residual disease and acquired resistance

Kinome rewiring reveals AURKA limits PI3K-pathway inhibitor efficacy in breast cancer.

Dysregulation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling network is a prominent feature of breast cancers. However, clinical responses to drugs targeting this pathway have been modest, possibly because of dynamic changes in cellular signaling that drive resistance and limit drug efficacy. Using a quantitative chemoproteomics approach, we mapped kinome dynamics in response to inhibitors of this pathway and identified signaling changes that correlate with drug sensitivity. Maintenance of AURKA after drug treatment was associated with resistance in breast cancer models. Incomplete inhibition of AURKA was a common source of therapy failure, and combinations of PI3K, AKT or mTOR inhibitors with the AURKA inhibitor MLN8237 were highly synergistic and durably suppressed mTOR signaling, resulting in apoptosis and tumor regression in vivo. This signaling map identifies survival factors whose presence limits the efficacy of targeted therapies and reveals new drug combinations that may unlock the full potential of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors in breast cancer