Роль кальций-pH-зависимых механизмов в патогенезе воспалительных заболеваний пародонта

Comparative investigation of dynamics of pH, concentration of calcium and inorganic phosphate in mixtured saliva during testing loads in patients with healthy periodontium, susceptible to caries and with combination of caries with inflammatory periodontal diseases was performed. Close dependency between dynamics of researched parameters was revealed during sugar and urea loads as well. Inorganic phosphate disgomeostasis, role in pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases was showed.Проведено сравнительное исследование динамики рН, концентрации кальция и неорганического фосфата в смешанной слюне при тестовых нагрузках у лиц со здоровым пародонтом, кариесвоспримчивых и с сочетанием кариеса и воспалительных заболеваний пародонта. Выявлена тесная взаимосвязь динамики изучаемых параметров как при сахарной, так и при карбамидной нагрузках. Показана роль дисгомеостаза неорганического фосфата в патогенезе воспалительных заболеваний пародонта

Enzyme immunoassay of herbicide decomposition by soil and wood decay fungi

The effect of herbicide atrazine was studied on the growth and development of a number of soil and wood decay fungi: white-rot basidiomycetes (Cerrena maxima, Coriolopsis fulvocenerea, and Coriolus hirsutus), thermophilic micromycetes from self-heating grass composts (cellulolytic fungus Penicillium sp. 13 and noncellulolytic ones Humicola lanuginosa spp. 5 and 12), and mesophilic phenol oxidase-producing micromycete Mycelia sterilia INBI 2-26. Detection of atrazine in liquid fungal cultures was performed by using the enzyme immune assay technique. Both stimulation (Humicola lanuginosa 5) and suppression (Humicola lanuginosa 12 and Penicillium sp. 13) of fungal growth with atrazine were observed on solid agar media. Hyphomycete Mycelia sterilia INBI 2-26 was almost insensitive to the presence of atrazine. Neither of the thermophilic strains was capable of atrazine consumption in three-week cultivation. In contrast with that, active laccase producers Cerrena maxima, Coriolopsis fulvocenerea, and Coriolus hirsutus consumed up to 50% atrazine in 5-day cultivation in the presence of the xenobiotic and at least 80-92% in 40 days. Mycelia sterilia INBI 2-26, which also forms extracellular laccase, also consumed up to 70% atrazine in 17 days. The degree of atrazine consumption depended on the term of its addition to the fungal culture medium

Fungal Decomposition of Oat Straw during Liquid and Solid-State Fermentation

White rot fungi (Coriolus hirsutus, Coriolus zonatus, and Cerrena maxima from the collection of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and filamentous fungi (Mycelia sterilia INBI 2-26 and Trichoderma reesei 6/16) were grown on oat straw-based liquid and solid media, as well as in a bench-scale reactor, either individually or as cocultures. All fungi grew well on solid agar medium supplemented with powdered oat straw as the sole carbon source. Under these conditions, the mold Trichoderma reesei fully suppressed the growth of all basidiomycetes studied; conversely, Mycelia sterilia neither affected the development of any of the cultures, nor did it show any substantial susceptibility to suppression by their presence. Pure solid cultures of basidiomycetes, as well as the coculture of Coriolus hirsutus and Cerrena maxima, caused a notable bleaching of the oat straw during its consumption. When grown on the surface of oat straw-based liquid medium, the basidiomycetes consumed up to 40% of the polysaccharides without measurable lignin degradation (a concomitant process). Under these conditions, Mycelia sterilia decomposed no more than 25% of the lignin in 60 days, but this was observed only after polysaccharide exhaustion and biomass accumulation. In contrast, during solid-state straw fermentation, white rot fungi consumed up to 75% of cellulose and 55% of lignin in 83 days (C. zonarus), whereas the corresponding consumption levels for cocultures of Mycelia sterilia and Trichoderma reesei equaled 70 and 45%, respectively (total loss of dry weight ranged from 55 to 60%). Carbon dioxide-monitored solid-state fermentation of oat straw by the coculture of filamentous fungi was successfully performed in an aerated bench-scale reactor