A Primer for Work-Based Learning: How to Make a Job the Basis for a College Education

Provides an overview of the Jobs to Careers model, in which employers and colleges collaborate to embed curricula and training in the work process, as a way to meet healthcare labor force needs. Includes grantee profiles, lessons learned, and worksheets

Structural Changes in the Iranian Economy: An Empirical Analysis with Endogenously Determined Breaks

This paper employs annual time series data (1960-2003) and the ZA (Zivot and Andrews, 1992) and the LP (Lumsdaine and Papell, 1997) approaches to determine endogenously the more likely time of major structural breaks in various macroeconomic variables of the Iranian economy. We have considered the presence of one and two unknown structural breaks in the data. The results obtained from these two approaches are consistent in that the time of one structural break in eight out of the ten variables examined in the paper is the same. The resulting structural breaks coincide with important phenomena in the economy such as the 1974 oil shock, the 1979 Islamic revolution, the Iraqi war or the implementation of the exchange rate unification policy in 1993 in the case of the official exchange rate.structural break, unit root test, Iranian economy

Manejo del cáncer en atención primaria

408 p. : il.; gráf. , 22 cm.Libro ElectrónicoÍNDICE Índice de Autores Agradecimientos Prólogo La Oncología y el papel de A.Pen la prevención y seguimiento tumoral Félix Zubiri, Jesús Honorato y Wilson Astudillo Importancia de los programas de diagnóstico rápido en el cáncer de mama y colon Javier Zubeldia La Genética en el cáncer Iñaki Gutiérrez Iy Eunate Arana A Manifestaciones externas de las enfermedades oncológicas Anna Tuneu Vals y Arantxa López Pestaña Cáncer y sistema nerviosoTumores cerebrales primitivos y complicaciones neurológicas del cáncer Miguel AUrtasun Ocariz y José Félix Martí Massó Cáncer de pulmónPrevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento Yolanda Vilches A Novedades en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama José Antonio Alberro Aduriz. Utilización de nanopartículas metálicas en el tratamiento de cánceres localizados Javier Aizpurua Iriazabal Cáncer de estómago y de intestino grueso: prevención y tratamiento Enrique Ojembarrena Martínez Posibilidades y límites de la cirugía en los tumores abdominales Adolfo Beguiristain Gómez El Hospital de Día y la hospitalización domiciliaria en el tratamiento onco- lógico y la paliación María Dolores De Damborenea González Tratamiento del dolor oncológico intenso Antonio Pernia Ry Luis Miguel Torres M. El cáncer en el niñoRealidad actual y expectativas Itziar Astigarraga Aguirre El niño con cáncer y los supervivientesLa superación de una nueva oportunidad Aurora Navajas Gutiérrez Organización de una unidad de Cuidados Paliativos pediátricos en la Comunidad de Madrid Ricardo Martino Alba, Ana Robles TElena Catá del Palacio, Carola del Rincón F El cáncer en el ancianoCaracterísticas y necesidades especiales Juan Carlos Caballero G. Necesidades emocionales en el paciente con cáncer Carmen Yélamos Ay Belén F Curados de cáncerLa superación y una nueva oportunidadLa necesidad de unidades especiales de apoyo Carmen Yélamos Ay José Samblas G El apoyo al cuidador del enfermo oncológico Wilson Astudillo A., Carmen Mendinueta Ay Beatriz Astudillo Ly Belén Díaz-Albo B Cuidados Paliativos en África Antonio Salinas-Martín y Emilio Montiano La limitación del esfuerzo terapéutico Carlos Romeo Casabona ¿Qué hacer cuando la curación no es posible? Papel de los Cuidados Paliativos Elías Díaz-Albo H., Belén Díaz-Albo B., Carmen Mendinueta Ay Wilson Astudillo A. Esperanza y dignidad en el paciente oncológico Koldo Martinez Urionabarrenetxea Sobre la felicidad y el sufrimiento Ramón Bayés Sopena Perspectiva de la OMS para el desarrollo de Cuidados Paliativos en el contexto de programa de control de cáncer en países en vías de desarrollo Cecilia Sepúlveda Bermedo Derechos de los cuidadores Derechos de un enfermo en el final de la vida Índice de materia

Effects of methamphetamine abuse and serotonin transporter gene variants on aggression and emotion-processing neurocircuitry.

Individuals who abuse methamphetamine (MA) exhibit heightened aggression, but the neurobiological underpinnings are poorly understood. As variability in the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene can influence aggression, this study assessed possible contributions of this gene to MA-related aggression. In all, 53 MA-dependent and 47 control participants provided self-reports of aggression, and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while viewing pictures of faces. Participants were genotyped at two functional polymorphic loci in the SERT gene: the SERT-linked polymorphic region (SERT-LPR) and the intron 2 variable number tandem repeat polymorphism (STin2 VNTR); participants were then classified as having high or low risk for aggression according to individual SERT risk allele combinations. Comparison of SERT risk allele loads between groups showed no difference between MA-dependent and control participants. Comparison of self-report scores showed greater aggression in MA-dependent than control participants, and in high genetic risk than low-risk participants. Signal change in the amygdala was lower in high genetic risk than low-risk participants, but showed no main effect of MA abuse; however, signal change correlated negatively with MA use measures. Whole-brain differences in activation were observed between MA-dependent and control groups in the occipital and prefrontal cortex, and between genetic high- and low-risk groups in the occipital, fusiform, supramarginal and prefrontal cortex, with effects overlapping in a small region in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. The findings suggest that the investigated SERT risk allele loads are comparable between MA-dependent and healthy individuals, and that MA and genetic risk influence aggression independently, with minimal overlap in associated neural substrates

Los cuidados paliativos, una labor de todos

355 p. : il. ; 22 cm.Libro ElectrónicoPonencias del XVI Curso de Cuidados Paliativos celebrado en el Hospital de Cruces de Barcelona, el 16 y 23 de noviembre de 2007.Índice de Autores Agradecimientos Prólogo Actuación paliativa en las distintas fases de la enfermedad terminal Josu Irurzun Zuazabal Manejo de los síntomas más frecuentes en cuidados paliativos Elena Galve Calvo Síndrome anorexia-caquexia, disnea Ana Bañuelos Gordón Cuidados paliativos en el enfermo no oncológico Valentín Riaño Zalbidea Manejo de las urgencias paliativas Elías Díaz-Albo y Wilson Astudillo El Internista en los Cuidados Paliativos Daniel Solano López La oncología médica y los cuidados paliativos G. López Vivanco, P. Garrido, A. Moreno, I. Rubio y A. Muñoz Llerena Radioterapia paliativa en Oncología Pedro Bilbao Zulaica, Olga del Hoyo Álvarez, Jon Cacicedo Fernández de Bobadilla y Andere Frías Capanaga Tratamiento paliativo quimioterápico específico en el cáncer Purificación Martínez de Prado Posibilidades y límites de los Cuidados Paliativos domiciliarios Antxon Apezetxea Celaya El paciente con demencia en fase terminal Enrique Arriola Manchola Sedación Paliativa Eduardo Clavé Arruabarrena La participación de la familia en la agonía y en el fallecer Iñigo Santisteban Cómo sobrellevar mejor el proceso del duelo Enrique Echeburúa, Paz de Corral El asistente social y la paliación Carmen Valois Núñez Derechos de los enfermos terminales Ángel Morales Santos Bases bioéticas de la asistencia paliativa Mabel Marijuan Angulo Limitar el esfuerzo terapéutico al final de la vida Jacinto Bátiz Cantera “Padecer con”…ejercicios de imaginación narrativa Iñigo Marzabal Albaina El cine y la Medicina en el final de la vida José Elías García Sánchez, Enrique García Sánchez, y Enrique García Merino La literatura al final de la vida Jesús Honorato Pérez Derechos de los cuidadores Derechos de un enfermo terminal Índice de materiasLibro : Conference publication : Spanish : 1a. e

Long-range ordering of topological excitations in a two-dimensional superfluid far from equilibrium

We study the relaxation of a two-dimensional (2D) ultracold Bose gas from a nonequilibrium initial state containing vortex excitations in experimentally realizable square and rectangular traps. We show that the subsystem of vortex gas excitations results in the spontaneous emergence of a coherent superfluid flow with a nonzero coarse-grained vorticity field. The stream function of this emergent quasiclassical 2D flow is governed by a Poisson-Boltzmann equation. This equation reveals that maximum entropy states of a neutral vortex gas that describe the spectral condensation of energy can be classified into types of flow depending on whether or not the flow spontaneously acquires angular momentum. Numerical simulations of a neutral point vortex model and a Bose gas governed by the 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation in a square reveal that a large-scale monopole flow field with net angular momentum emerges that is consistent with predictions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The results allow us to characterize the spectral energy condensate in a 2D quantum fluid that bears striking similarity to similar flows observed in experiments of 2D classical turbulence. By deforming the square into a rectangular region, the resulting maximum entropy state switches to a dipolar flow field with zero net angular momentum.By deforming the square into a rectangular region, the resulting maximum entropy state switches to a dipolar flow field with zero net angular momentum

A Decomposed Fourier-Motzkin Elimination Framework to Derive Vessel Capacity Models

Accurate Vessel Capacity Models (VCMs) expressing thetrade-off between different container types that can be stowed on containervessels are required in core liner shipping functions such as uptake-,capacity-, and network management. Today, simple models based on volume,weight, and refrigerated container capacity are used for these tasks,which causes overestimations that hamper decision making. Though previouswork on stowage planning optimization in principle provide finegrainedlinear Vessel Stowage Models (VSMs), these are too complexto be used in the mentioned functions. As an alternative, this papercontributes a novel framework based on Fourier-Motzkin Eliminationthat automatically derives VCMs from VSMs by projecting unneededvariables. Our results show that the projected VCMs are reduced byan order of magnitude and can be solved 20–34 times faster than theircorresponding VSMs with only a negligible loss in accuracy. Our frameworkis applicable to LP models in general, but are particularly effectiveon block-angular structured problems such as VSMs. We show similarresults for a multi-commodity flow problem

Opportunities and barriers in paediatric pulse oximetry for pneumonia in low-resource clinical settings: a qualitative evaluation from Malawi and Bangladesh

OBJECTIVE: To gain an understanding of what challenges pulse oximetry for paediatric pneumonia management poses, how it has changed service provision and what would improve this device for use across paediatric clinical settings in low-income countries. DESIGN: Focus group discussions (FGDs), with purposive sampling and thematic analysis using a framework approach. SETTING: Community, front-line outpatient, and hospital outpatient and inpatient settings in Malawi and Bangladesh, which provide paediatric pneumonia care. PARTICIPANTS: Healthcare providers (HCPs) from Malawi and Bangladesh who had received training in pulse oximetry and had been using oximeters in routine paediatric care, including community healthcare workers, non-physician clinicians or medical assistants, and hospital-based nurses and doctors. RESULTS: We conducted six FGDs, with 23 participants from Bangladesh and 26 from Malawi. We identified five emergent themes: trust, value, user-related experience, sustainability and design. HCPs discussed the confidence gained through the use of oximeters, resulting in improved trust from caregivers and valuing the device, although there were conflicts between the weight given to clinical judgement versus oximeter results. HCPs reported the ease of using oximeters, but identified movement and physically smaller children as measurement challenges. Challenges in sustainability related to battery durability and replacement parts, however many HCPs had used the same device longer than 4 years, demonstrating robustness within these settings. Desirable features included back-up power banks and integrated respiratory rate and thermometer capability. CONCLUSIONS: Pulse oximetry was generally deemed valuable by HCPs for use as a spot-check device in a range of paediatric low-income clinical settings. Areas highlighted as challenges by HCPs, and therefore opportunities for redesign, included battery charging and durability, probe fit and sensitivity in paediatric populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02941237

Effectiveness of a behavioural intervention to prevent excessive weight gain during infancy (The Baby Milk Trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Infancy is a period of rapid growth and habit formation and hence could be a critical period for obesity prevention. Excess weight gain during infancy is associated with later obesity and formula-fed babies are more likely to gain excess weight compared to breastfed babies. The primary trial outcome is a change in the weight standard deviation score from birth to 1 year. METHODS/DESIGN: We will recruit 650 to 700 parents who introduce formula-milk feeds within 14 weeks of their baby's birth to a single (assessor) blind, parallel group, individually randomised controlled trial. The focus of the intervention is the caregiver (usually the mother), and the focus of the primary outcome is the infant. The intervention group will receive the behavioural intervention, which aims to reduce formula-milk intake, promote responsive feeding and healthy weaning, and prevent excessive weight gain during infancy. The intervention is based on Social Cognitive Theory and action planning ('implementation intentions'). It consists of three components: (1) a motivational component to strengthen parents' motivation to follow the Baby Milk feeding guidelines, (2) an action planning component to help translate motivation into action, and (3) a coping planning component to help parents deal with difficult situations. It will be delivered by trained facilitators (research nurses) over 6 months through three face-to-face contacts, two telephone contacts and written materials. The control group will have the same number of contacts with facilitators, and general issues about feeding will be discussed. Anthropometric outcomes will be measured by trained research staff, blind to group allocation, at baseline, 6 months and 12 months following standard operating procedures. Validated questionnaires will assess milk intake, temperament, appetite, sleep, maternal quality of life and maternal psychological factors. A 4-day food diary will be completed at 8 months. DISCUSSION: The results of the trial will help to inform infant feeding guidelines and to understand the links between infant feeding, behaviour, appetite and growth. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRTCN20814693 . Registration date 13 January 2011.The work was undertaken under the auspices of the Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), a UKCRC Public Health Research Centre of Excellence which is funded by the British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Economic and Social Research Council, Medical Research Council, the National Institute for Health Research, and the Wellcome Trust. The Baby Milk trial is funded by the National Prevention Research Initiative (http://www.npri.org.uk Grant no. MR/J000361/1). The Funding Partners relevant to this award are (in alphabetical order): Alzheimer’s Research Trust; Alzheimer’s Society; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; British Heart Foundation; Cancer Research UK; Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Government Health Directorate; Department of Health; Diabetes UK; Economic and Social Research Council; Health and Social Care Research and Development Division of the Public Health Agency (HSC R&D Division); Medical Research Council; The Stroke Association; Wellcome Trust; Welsh Assembly Government; and World Cancer Research Fund. Lakshman Rajalakshmi was funded by a MRC Population Health Fellowship (Grant no. G070165).This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from BioMed Central via http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13063-015-0941-