Genetic variability in five populations of Partamona helleri (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Partamona is a Neotropical genus of stingless bees that comprises 33 species distributed from Mexico to southern Brazil. These bees are well-adapted to anthropic environments and build their nests in several substrates. In this study, 66 colonies of Partamona helleri from five localities in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais (São Miguel do Anta, Teixeiras, Porto Firme, Viçosa and Rio Vermelho) were analyzed using nine microsatellite loci in order to assess their genetic variability. Low levels of observed (Ho = 0.099-0.137) and expected (H e = 0.128-0.145) heterozygosity were encountered and revealed discrete genetic differentiation among the populations (F ST = 0.025). AMOVA further showed that most of the total genetic variation (94.24%) in P. helleri was explained by the variability within local populations

Genetic structure of Blastocerus dichotomus populations in the Parana River basin (Brazil) based on protein variability

The population structure of 147 marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) from three areas in the Parana River basin, Brazil, was studied by observing protein polymorphism at 17 loci. Six loci were polymorphic and 11 monomorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci (P) was 35.29% and the average heterozygosity (H) was 6.31%. Wright's F-ST indicated that only 4.9% of the total variation in allelic frequencies was due to genetic differences between the three groups. The high value of F-IS (0.246) indicated inbreeding in the marsh deer. Genetic distance values (D = 0.014-0.051) showed little divergence between the three areas. We suggest that probable mechanisms accounting for the genetic structure are female phylopatry and polygyny and also that inbreeding has resulted from decreasing areas of wetland leading to isolation, overhunting, and diseases transmitted by cattle

Identification of microsatellite DNA markers for the giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla

Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciências Agr & Vet, Dept Biol Aplicada & Agropecuaria, BR-14870900 Jaboticabal, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Londrina, Dept Biol Geral, BR-86051990 Londrina, PR, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciências Agr & Vet, Dept Technol, BR-14870900 Jaboticabal, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Genet, BR-14049900 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciências Agr & Vet, Dept Biol Aplicada & Agropecuaria, BR-14870900 Jaboticabal, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciências Agr & Vet, Dept Technol, BR-14870900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazi

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in Exon 2 of the BoLA-DRB3 gene in South American cattle

The Bola-DRB3 gene participates in the development of the immune response and is highly polymorphic. For these reasons, it has been a candidate gene in studies of the genetic basis of disease resistance and in population genetic analysis. South American native cattle breeds have been widely replaced by improved exotic breeds leading to a loss of genetic resources. In particular South American native breeds have high levels of fertility and disease resistance. This work describes genetic variability in the BoLA-DRB3 gene in native (Caracu, Pantaneiro, Argentinean Creole) and exotic (Holstein, Jersey, Nelore, Gir) cattle breeds in Brazil and Argentina. PCR-RFLP alleles were identified by combining the restriction patterns for the BoLA-DRB3.2 locus obtained with RsaI, BstY, and HaeIII restriction enzymes. Allelic frequencies and deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were also calculated. Analysis of the 24 BoLA-DRB3 PCR-RFLP alleles identified showed differences in the allele distributions among breeds

African-Derived mitochondria in South American native cattle breeds (Bos taurus): Evidence of a new taurine mitochondrial lineage

This article reports the nucleotide diversity within the control region of 42 mitochondrial chromosomes belonging to five South American native cattle breeds (Bos taurus). Analysis of these data in conjunction with B. taurus and B. indicus sequences from Africa, Europe, the Near East, India, and Japan allowed the recognition of eight new mitochondrial haplotypes and their relative positions in a phylogenetic network. The structure of genetic variation among different hypothetical groupings was tested through the molecular variance decomposition, which was best explained by haplotype group components. Haplotypes surveyed were classified as European-related and African-related. Unexpectedly, two haplotypes within the African cluster were more divergent from the African consensus than the latter from the European consensus. A neighbor-joining tree shows the position of two haplotypes compared to European/African mitochondrial lineage splitting. This different and putatively ancestral mitochondrial lineage (AA) is supported by the calibration of sequence divergence based on the Bos-Bison separation. The European/African mitochondria divergence might be subsequent (67,100 years before present) to that between AA and Africans (84,700 years before present), also preceding domestication times. These genetic data could reflect the haplotype distribution of Iberian cattle five centuries ago.UNESP, FCAV, Dept Tecnol, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, BrazilUSP, FMRP, Dept Genet, BR-14049900 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilINTA, CNIA, Inst Genet, Castelar, ArgentinaUNESP, FCAV, Dept Tecnol, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazi

Neotropical Africanized Honey Bees Have African Mitochondrial-dna

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62690/1/339213a0.pd