Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution in Malaysia: A systematic review

Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a key etiological factor in cervical cancer in both Malaysia and globally. It continues to pose a significant public health challenge. This systematic review aims to delineate the distribution of HPV genotypes across different demographics in Malaysia to inform targeted prevention strategies. Methods We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, analyzing observational studies published from 2000 onward that reported HPV genotypes in cervicovaginal samples from Malaysian women. The review utilized PubMed, SCOPUS, The Cochrane Library, APA PsycNet, and Google Scholar for literature searches, focusing on studies that employed molecular methods for HPV genotyping. Two reviewers independently screened the articles, extracted data, and assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A descriptive analysis was performed, and findings were synthesized by genotype, region, and ethnicity. Results The review included 22 studies from an initial pool of 2,547 articles, encompassing 44,251 women. These studies reported a HPV prevalence of up to 100% in confirmed cervical cancer cases and in general screenings from 4.5 to 47.7%. A total of 28 different HPV genotypes (high- and low-risk) were identified, with HPV16, HPV18, HPV58, HPV52, and HPV33 being the most prevalent high-risk genotypes. Genotype distributions showed significant variation across different states and ethnic groups within Malaysia, highlighting the diverse nature of HPV-related risks. Conclusions This review provides a detailed snapshot of the HPV genotype distribution in Malaysia, underscoring the necessity for tailored public health interventions that address the regional and ethnic diversity in HPV prevalence. The findings support the need for targeted vaccination programs and enhanced screening measures to effectively combat the high rates of HPV-related (99%) cervical cancer in Malaysia

Cell cycle and aging, morphogenesis, and response to stimuli genes are individualized biomarkers of glioblastoma progression and survival

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glioblastoma is a complex multifactorial disorder that has swift and devastating consequences. Few genes have been consistently identified as prognostic biomarkers of glioblastoma survival. The goal of this study was to identify general and clinical-dependent biomarker genes and biological processes of three complementary events: lifetime, overall and progression-free glioblastoma survival.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A novel analytical strategy was developed to identify general associations between the biomarkers and glioblastoma, and associations that depend on cohort groups, such as race, gender, and therapy. Gene network inference, cross-validation and functional analyses further supported the identified biomarkers.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 61, 47 and 60 gene expression profiles were significantly associated with lifetime, overall, and progression-free survival, respectively. The vast majority of these genes have been previously reported to be associated with glioblastoma (35, 24, and 35 genes, respectively) or with other cancers (10, 19, and 15 genes, respectively) and the rest (16, 4, and 10 genes, respectively) are novel associations. <it>Pik3r1</it>, <it>E2f3, Akr1c3</it>, <it>Csf1</it>, <it>Jag2</it>, <it>Plcg1</it>, <it>Rpl37a</it>, <it>Sod2</it>, <it>Topors</it>, <it>Hras</it>, <it>Mdm2, Camk2g</it>, <it>Fstl1</it>, <it>Il13ra1</it>, <it>Mtap </it>and <it>Tp53 </it>were associated with multiple survival events.</p> <p>Most genes (from 90 to 96%) were associated with survival in a general or cohort-independent manner and thus the same trend is observed across all clinical levels studied. The most extreme associations between profiles and survival were observed for <it>Syne1</it>, <it>Pdcd4</it>, <it>Ighg1</it>, <it>Tgfa</it>, <it>Pla2g7</it>, and <it>Paics</it>. Several genes were found to have a cohort-dependent association with survival and these associations are the basis for individualized prognostic and gene-based therapies. <it>C2</it>, <it>Egfr</it>, <it>Prkcb</it>, <it>Igf2bp3</it>, and <it>Gdf10 </it>had gender-dependent associations; <it>Sox10</it>, <it>Rps20</it>, <it>Rab31</it>, and <it>Vav3 </it>had race-dependent associations; <it>Chi3l1</it>, <it>Prkcb</it>, <it>Polr2d</it>, and <it>Apool </it>had therapy-dependent associations. Biological processes associated glioblastoma survival included morphogenesis, cell cycle, aging, response to stimuli, and programmed cell death.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Known biomarkers of glioblastoma survival were confirmed, and new general and clinical-dependent gene profiles were uncovered. The comparison of biomarkers across glioblastoma phases and functional analyses offered insights into the role of genes. These findings support the development of more accurate and personalized prognostic tools and gene-based therapies that improve the survival and quality of life of individuals afflicted by glioblastoma multiforme.</p

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