Economic Assimilation of Chinese Immigrants in the United States: Is There Wage Convergence with Natives?

Asian Americans have a long and profound history in the United States, and are usually referred to as the “model minority”. While the income level of immigrants depends on various factors, existing literature suggests that immigrants who can adapt well and are relatively successful in their new jobs can make a significant contribution to economic growth (Borjas, 2009)

Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Bryonia cretica (Cucurbitaceae)

The typification of the name Bryonia cretica is investigated and discussed. A specimen from the Clifford Herbarium is designated as the lectotype. The morphology of the species, notes on its cytology and geographical distribution and ecological features are also treated

Phylogeography and modes of reproduction in diploid and tetraploid halophytes of Limonium species (Plumbaginaceae): evidence for a pattern of geographical parthenogenesis

Background and Aims The genus Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) has long been recognized to have sexual and apomictic (asexual seed formation) modes of reproduction. This study aimed to elucidate phylogeographical patterns and modes of reproduction in diploid and tetraploid Limonium species, namely three putative sexual diploid species with morphological affinities (L. nydeggeri, L. ovalifolium, L. lanceolatum) and three related, probably apomict tetraploid species (L. binervosum, L. dodartii, L. multiflorum). Methods cpDNA diversity and differentiation between natural populations of the species were investigated using two chloroplast sequence regions (trnL intron and trnL–trnF intergenic spacer). Floral heteromorphies, ovule cytoembryological analyses and pollination and crossing tests were performed in representative species of each ploidy group, namely diploid L. ovalifolium and tetraploid L. multiflorum, using plants from greenhouse collections. Key Results and Conclusions Genetic analyses showed that diploid species have a higher haplotype diversity and a higher number of unique (endemic) haplotypes than tetraploid species. Network analysis revealed correlations between cpDNA haplotype distribution and ploidy groups, species groups and geographical origin, and haplotype sharing within and among species with distinct ploidy levels. Reproductive biology analyses showed that diploid L. ovalifolium mainly forms meiotically reduced tetrasporic embryo sacs of Gagea ova, Adoxa and Drusa types. Limonium multiflorum, however, has only unreduced, diplosporic (apomictic) embryo sacs of Rudbeckia type, and autonomous apomictic development seems to occur. Taken together, the findings provide evidence of a pattern of ‘geographical parthenogenesis’ in which quaternary climatic oscillations appear to be involved in the geographical patterns of coastal diploid and tetraploid Limonium speciesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Environmental and Socioeconomic factors associated with Dengue, and the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti

Despite intense study, much is still unknown about mosquito-borne diseases. Many unanswered questions remain about these four diseases associated with Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus: chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika, while the threat of their outbreaks and expansion continues to increase. A major gap in our knowledge of these diseases is in the factors that are associated with human cases of infection. As our understanding of the relationship between factors (environmental and socioeconomic) and cases of mosquito-borne disease increases, methods of preventing outbreaks can improve

Environmental and Socioeconomic factors associated with Dengue, and the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti

Despite intense study, much is still unknown about mosquito-borne diseases. Many unanswered questions remain about these four diseases associated with Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus: chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika, while the threat of their outbreaks and expansion continues to increase. A major gap in our knowledge of these diseases is in the factors that are associated with human cases of infection. As our understanding of the relationship between factors (environmental and socioeconomic) and cases of mosquito-borne disease increases, methods of preventing outbreaks can improve