Redefining Orientalism in the Modern World: An Analysis of Classical Examples of Orientalism in Greek Antiquity and its Evolution in the Modern-day period.

The basis of the paper surrounds Said's definition of orientalism, which essentially draws the distinction between East and West by defining one in terms of the other. “The Orient has helped to define Europe (or the West) as its contrasting image, idea, personality, experience” (Said, Orientalism, 2). Said goes on to say “the orient is not just adjacent to Europe....it's one of its deepest and most recurring images of the other” (Orientalism, 1). Various Greek authors in the classical era helped in forming the framework of orientalism, which later was implemented in Edward Said to define the relationship between East and West. Classical orientalism thus, as it pertains to this paper, is the orientalism which was practiced by classical Greek authors. The first section of the paper will discuss major literary, historical, and dramatic passages from classical antiquity which give examples of what orientalism was framed as in the classical era. This section will also emphasize the clear evolution of the concept of orientalism. In classical antiquity, orientalism was defined within the scope of East vs. West, with distinctions being based on climate, climate's relationship with governance and politics, and political geography. The second half of the paper will discuss the evolution of the concept of orientalism in the modern-day time period, from the end of the Cold War Era onwards, with specific emphasis placed on U.S. and regional European foreign policy. I will show through various modern-day examples that the concept of orientalism still exists, but the scope, level of distinction between the two “groups” and the parameters of comparison have changed. In the modern-day time period, orientalism has taken on a different meaning, for though there is still an East vs. West mentality, in regards to the “other,” the primary “other” as viewed by the West, is Arab Muslims. In terms of the parameters of defining this new orientalist comparison, the primary areas of contrast are sociocultural values, religious identity, and the concept of governance as it relates to religion.No embargoAcademic Major: Classic

Marine microbial films and the corrosion of steel

Succession of aerobic and anaerobic bacterial films on mild steel has been studied for 100 days in two contrasting seawater sites at Mandapam. The relation between primary film microfouling and initiation of anaerobic corrosion has been attempted The ecological aspects in anaerobic corrosion beneath marine fouling are discussed in the light of the results of present work and already available data on marine corrosio

Heat/mass transfer in rotating, smooth, high aspect-ratio (4:1) coolant channels with curved walls

The thesis presents an experimental study of heat/mass transfer coefficient in 4:1 aspect ratio smooth channels with non-uniform cross-sections. Curved leading and trailing edges are studied, for two curvatures of 9.06 m-1 (0.23 in-1) and 15.11 m-1 (0.384 in-1) and for two different curvature configurations. One configuration has curved walls with curvature corresponding to the blade profile (positive curvature on both leading and trailing walls), and the other configuration has leading and trailing walls that curve inwards into the coolant passage (negative curvature on the leading surface and positive curvature on the trailing surface). The experiments are conducted in a rotating two-pass coolant channel facility using the naphthalene sublimation technique. Only the radially outward flow is considered for the present study. The span-wise mass transfer distributions of fully developed regions of the channel walls are also presented, to delineate the effect of rotation number. The mass transfer data from the curved wall channels is compared to those from a smooth 4:1 rectangular duct with similar flow parameters. In the first set of experiments Re=10,000 with Ro=0-0.071 and 90 degree orientation, heat transfer enhancement especially in the leading wall is seen for the lower curvature channels, and there is a subsequent reduction in the higher curvature channel, when compared to the 4:1 rectangular smooth channel. This indicates that an optimal channel wall curvature exists at this Reynolds number for which heat transfer is the highest. For Re=20,000 with Ro=0-0.051 and 90 and 45 degree orientation, the heat transfer results show highest enhancements for the higher curvature positive-positive section, with respect to the 4:1 rectangular channel, but this enhancement is reduced with increase in rotation. The lower curvature positive-negative section shows the highest increment in heat transfer enhancement with rotation number for both 90 and 45 degree orientations. The heat transfer ratios are reduced with rotation for the 45 degree orientation for the higher curvature positive-negative section. Thus, all the measurements indicate that an optimum curvature exists for a particular Reynolds number where the heat transfer would be the highest

A Study on Diet Consciousness of IT Employees

Diet denotes the aggregate of food consumed by a living organism for gaining energy needed for executing the routine activities of life. Diet involves the intake of adequate nutrition which may be oriented towards gaining good health or for managing weight. Human dieting is driven by taste preferences, health consciousness or ethical beliefs. Usually, human beings prefer to take balanced and healthy diet. People in developed nations enjoy the privilege of having adequate wealth to ensure that they get access to healthy diet without any constraint. Limited consumption of processed meat, hot and soft drinks and intake of food originating from plants is healthier. This descriptive study has endeavored to assess the diet consciousness of IT employees in Chennai & Puducherry and the association of such diet consciousness with their nature of weekend food, opinion about outside food, skipping the usual meal pattern and consuming nutritious food. Results reveal that quite a large number of IT employees skip breakfast and prefer home prepared food even during weekends. Green and vegetables are consumed to a better extent than dairy products, eggs, meat and fish by the respondents who enjoy only average level of family support on grounds of them complementing their healthy diet and making them feeling guilty for not consuming healthy diet. Finally, outside food has been rated average by the IT employees on grounds of price, hygiene and quality while they have appreciated its taste

Mosaic Atlas: Interview with Srividya Eashwar

This interview with Srividya Eashwar, founder of Xpressions—Dances of India, was conducted by Jan English-Lueck as part of the Mosaic Atlas project. Srividya Eashwar identifies as Indian. She has collaborated with artists from different cultural backgrounds, such as Mexican folk arts, contemporary art, Persian arts, and Filipino folklorico troops. Themes in the interview include the importance of collaboration and sharing ideas to present and preserve cultural traditions. She has faced challenges in sourcing traditional costumes and regalia from India and in finding funding as an independent artist. Srividya\u27s motivation as an artist is to inspire the next generation to continue practicing and sharing their cultural heritage. She teaches at her school, Xpressions, and her students often become teachers themselves. She believes in engaging audiences and creating connections through dance. As part of the Mosaic Atlas project, Mosaic Staff and Volunteers, SJSU students and faculty from the Anthropology and Film, Theater, and Dance Departments interviewed people who support and produce art throughout the Bay Area

MULTI-FLIGHT ALGORITHMS FOR MULTI-UAV ARC ROUTING PROBLEM

Icy roads can cause many accidents due to their slippery nature. Thus, providingpeople the information about icy roads can help them avoid taking these roads and prevent accidents. The problem of routing UAVs optimally to collect visual information regarding icy roads is called Icy Road Vehicle Routing Problem. Vehicle Routing Problem is essentially a path planning problem, where optimal paths need to be determined for one or more vehicles. Arc Routing Problems is a subclass of vehicle routing problems where the goal is to make vehicle(s) traverse specific arcs or edges optimally. Icy road vehicle routing problem resembles arc routing problem when icy roads are considered as arcs. Usually, in arc routing problems, vehicle(s) are located in one specific location, and the solution routes start and end at the same location. This thesis defines the Icy Road Vehicle Routing Problem, a new type of arc routing problem, where the goal of traversing arcs or icy roads remains the same but vehicle(s) or UAV(s) are located at one or multiple location(s). The thesis also presents new heuristic- based algorithms called multi-flight algorithms to solve the Icy Road Vehicle Routing Problem. By performing a set of experiments, the proposed algorithms are compared against several heuristic-based approaches from the literature. These experimental results show that the proposed multi-flight algorithms produced quicker and better quality solution routes to the UAVs for the Icy Road Vehicle Routing Problem than previous heuristics

Solar Power Concentrators for Space Applications

Space based solar power is an attractive solution to growing energy needs, overcoming the operational downtime and atmospheric losses inherent to terrestrial solar technologies. Ideal solar satellites include concentrator systems in order to produce a high specific power output, keeping mass low for economic launch. A meta analysis of photovoltaic concentrator research is presented to determine viability in space applications, considering contributions to cell heating, subcell current matching and efficiency of the InGaP/GaAs/Ge multi-junction cell. We find that the CaF2 Fresnel lens is an optimal choice with an efficiency increase of 4.9% at 17 suns. The large range of concentration ratio, low mass, compact design and minimal effect on spectral irradiance allow a wide space for optimisation in temperature control, whilst the current matching conditions under concentration can be regulated by appropriate tunnel junction width and bandgap

Stepping into the Forest: Confronting Interacting Radiation Models for the Hubble Tension with Lyman-α\alpha Data

Models of interacting dark radiation have been shown to alleviate the Hubble tension. Extensions incorporating a coupling between dark matter and dark radiation (DM-DR) have been proposed as combined solutions to both the Hubble and $S_8$ tensions. A key feature of these extended models is a break in the matter power spectrum (MPS), suppressing power for modes that enter the horizon before the DM-DR interactions turn off. In scenarios with a massless mediator, modes that enter before matter-radiation equality get suppressed, whereas for massive mediators, the break is determined by the mediator mass, a free parameter. In this work, we test these models against probes of LSS: weak lensing, CMB lensing, full-shape galaxy clustering, and eBOSS measurements of the 1D Ly$\alpha\,$ forest flux power spectrum. The latter are the most constraining since they probe small scales where many models predict the largest deviations. In fact, already within $\Lambda{\rm CDM}\,$, the eBOSS Ly$\alpha\,$ data are in significant tension with Planck CMB data, with the Ly$\alpha\,$ data preferring a steeper slope of the MPS at $k \sim h \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$. We find that the simplest dark radiation models, which improve the Hubble tension, worsen the fit to the Ly$\alpha\,$ data. However, models with DM-DR interactions can simultaneously address both tensions.Comment: 22 pages, 15 figures, 8 tables. Minor typo fixed in tables and plot

Utilization of Adequately Iodized Salt and its Barriers Among Sub-Urban Households of Chengalpattu District- Tamil Nadu

Background: Iodine is a crucial nutrient humans need for healthy mental and physical development. Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) continues to pose a real threat to public health across several nations, including India. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of the use of adequately iodized salt and to determine the barriers to the use of adequately iodized salt among suburban households.Subjects and Method: A Community-based cross-sectional study was done among 250 sub-urban households using a multistage sampling technique in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu. The study was carried out between the period of July to November 2023. Data was collected by both standardized and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. The iodine content of salt was assessed by an MBI spot testing kit. The dependent variable was adequately iodized salt and the independent variable was sociodemographic details and variables related to the utilization of iodized salt. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The prevalence of utilization of adequately iodized salt was 76.8 % and barriers to the use of adequately iodized salt among sub-urban households were, using a wet spoon/hand to take salt from the container, container of the salt kept open / both ways, storing salt in the steel container and storing in the original salt pocket itself.Conclusion: Specific education regarding proper storage, handling, duration, and the importance of iodized salt needs to be implemented to increase community awareness and to focus on behavior change communication to bring a positive attitude toward the utilization of iodized salt