Kaninhållning för sällskapsbruk

The domesticated rabbit stems from the European Wild rabbit and researchers have found that they share most of the characteristics and behaviors of their wild ancestor. They form mating groups in which strong hierarchic orders are formed and they are known for their ability to dig warrens which serve as one of the most important resources for this species. Although research has been performed to increase the welfare of rabbits kept in laboratory settings little is known about the housing, behavior and welfare of the pet rabbit. Among the research that has been performed within the area results have shown that the animals are kept in small solitary cages and that although many rabbits are purchased mainly for the children many animals cannot be handled by children due to display of aggression. Another conclusion drawn is that the animals are kept in ways that differs greatly from their natural environment. The current study hence served to investigate more about the housing and behavior of pet rabbits in Swedish households. Data was collected through a survey made available online via the website of Sweden’s University of Agriculture. The survey was also handed out through the help of one pet store in each county of Sweden. Each pet store was assigned 15 questionnaires. A total of 189 people partook in the internet survey and 41 in the survey handed out via the pet stores. The results show that the rabbits in the study are kept in larger enclosures than those found in previous literature and that most rabbits are kept outdoors throughout the year. Furthermore, the results show that most animals are kept in solitary housing which concurs with previous literature, and that only a small portion of animals kept in group or pair housing get access to more than one resource per individual. In spite of this the amount of aggressive interactions as well as abnormal behaviors found is relatively low. A discussion is carried out to further investigate possible correlations between environmental factors and behaviors. A conclusion drawn from the results is that more research needs to be done in this area to get more insight in the welfare of pet rabbits in Swedish households. Of interest would also be further studies on links between behavior and housing systems as well as differences in housing between pet owners answering via internet and via pet stores. Interest to partition in the study shown by pet owners also provides room for further research in this area of need

The neurobiology of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

ADHD is a brain based disorder with structural and functional abnormalities in widespread but specific areas of the brain. The most significant and consistent structural imaging findings include smaller total brain volumes, and reduced volumes in the right frontal lobe, right parietal cortex, caudate nucleus, cerebellar hemispheres, and posterior-inferior lobules of the cerebellar vermis. ADHD involves hypofunction of catecholaminergic circuits, particularly those that project to the prefrontal cortex. A minimum of 18 genes have been reported to be associated with the disorder; among them the DRD4 7-repeat allele has been found associated with a thinner prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex. Epigenetic factors acting during critical periods of prenatal and postnatal development may interact with genetic determinants. Methylphenidate, as well as the catecholaminergic nonstimulant atomoxetine, are effective in improving ADHD symptoms

Comparative studies on promotion of health and life style of hospital staff in Sweden and Poland

Introduction. Recently, an increase has been observed in the number of patients suffering from diseases which are the consequence of an anti-health life style; therefore it is necessary to undertake proper actions in this area, including those addressed to hospital staff. Objectives. 1) Comparison of self-reported state of health and life style between hospital staff in Sweden and Poland, and the motivation of these employees to change the to-date life style for one that is more health promoting. 2) Presentation, based on Swedish experiences in the field of health promotion in hospitals, of the possibilities to implement these changes in Polish conditions. Material and method. The study covered the staff from the following hospitals: 1) hospitals in Ostergotland County, Sweden, and 2) the Ludwik Perzyna Regional Polyclinical Hospital in Kalisz, Poland. The studies were conducted in parallel in Sweden and in Poland during the fourth quarter 2010. The research instrument was a questionnaire form. Results. The following measures should be undertaken by the staff of Polish hospitals: an increase in the consumption of fruit and vegetables, physical activity, organization of workshops aimed at the shaping of skills of coping with stress and relieving stress, assistance in reducing body weight and increasing physical activity. Obligatory breaks at work should be introduced for the consumption of meals and intake of beverages, including water, promotion of fluid replacement would reduce fatigue. An obligatory lunchtime would allow each employee to consume a decent meal, and consequently have respite away from one's own work activities. In order to have a well-functioning staff an employer should, in his/her own interest, decrease potential sick absenteeism, provide incentives for motor activity, e.g. by the organization of groups, reduction of weekly working time on behalf of documented physical activity, or financial support for the purchase of tickets for various forms of physical exercises. Promotion of collective exercise, e.g. common nordic walking for 30 min. during lunch, competition in the largest number of steps made. Promotion of healthy nutrition by the preparation of recipes for meals, several exemplary healthy meals in the form of a healthy alternative breakfast. During this event, a basket of fruit is provided, instead of cakes and sweets. Conclusions. 1) The life style of the staff of health care facilities is more health promoting in Sweden than in Poland. 2) It is possible to change the life style of employees of health care facilities into one that is more health promoting. Changes in this area have been made in Sweden with a great success; therefore, it is worthwhile implementing in Poland these Swedish experiences which may function also in Polish conditions. 3) The foundations of health promotion in enterprises have been known for a long time; however, considering the fact that the comparative studies show that these foundations are more advanced in Sweden, it is necessary that Polish employers devote more attention to this problem, and become interested in Swedish experiences in this area

Self-esteem in adolescent patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during open-label atomoxetine treatment: psychometric evaluation of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and clinical findings

To report on (1) psychometric properties of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES) studied in adolescents with ADHD, (2) correlations of SES with ADHD scale scores, and (3) change in patient-reported self-esteem with atomoxetine treatment. ADHD patients (12–17 years), treated in an open-label study for 24 weeks. Secondary analyses on ADHD symptoms (assessed with ADHD-RS, CGI, GIPD scales) and self-esteem (SES) were performed. One hundred and fifty-nine patients were treated. A dichotomous structure of the SES could be confirmed. Reliability and internal consistency were moderate to excellent. Highest coefficients were found for the correlation between SES and GIPD scores. Self-esteem significantly increased over time, accompanied by an improvement of ADHD symptoms and related perceived difficulties. The Rosenberg SES was shown to be internally consistent, reliable, and sensitive to treatment-related changes of self-esteem. According to these findings, self-esteem may be an important individual patient outcome beyond the core symptoms of ADHD

Impact of Vutrisiran on Quality of Life and Physical Function in Patients with Hereditary Transthyretin-Mediated Amyloidosis with Polyneuropathy

INTRODUCTION: Hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv; v for variant) amyloidosis, also known as hATTR amyloidosis, is a progressive and fatal disease associated with rapid deterioration of physical function and patients' quality of life (QOL). Vutrisiran, a subcutaneously administered RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutic that reduces hepatic production of transthyretin, was assessed in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy in the pivotal HELIOS-A study. METHODS: The phase 3 open-label HELIOS-A study investigated the efficacy and safety of vutrisiran in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy, compared with an external placebo group from the APOLLO study of the RNAi therapeutic patisiran. Measures of QOL and physical function were assessed. RESULTS: At month 18, vutrisiran improved Norfolk Quality of Life-Diabetic Neuropathy (Norfolk QOL-DN) total score (least squares mean difference [LSMD] in change from baseline [CFB]: –21.0; p = 1.84 × 10–10) and Norfolk QOL-DN domain scores, compared with external placebo. This benefit relative to external placebo was evident across all baseline polyneuropathy disability (PND) scores and most pronounced in patients with baseline PND scores I–II. Compared with external placebo, vutrisiran also demonstrated benefit in EuroQoL-Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS) score (LSMD in CFB: 13.7; nominal p = 2.21 × 10–7), 10-m walk test (LSMD in CFB: 0.239 m/s; p = 1.21 × 10–7), Rasch-built Overall Disability Score (LSMD in CFB: 8.4; p = 3.54 × 10–15), and modified body mass index (mBMI) (LSMD in CFB: 140.7; p = 4.16 × 10–15) at month 18. Overall, Norfolk QOL-DN, EQ-VAS, and mBMI improved from pretreatment baseline with vutrisiran, whereas all measures worsened from baseline in the external placebo group. At month 18, Karnofsky Performance Status was stable/improved from baseline in 58.2/13.1% with vutrisiran versus 34.7/8.1% with external placebo. CONCLUSION: Vutrisiran treatment provided significant clinical benefits in multiple measures of QOL and physical function in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Benefits were most pronounced in patients with earlier-stage disease, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment

Tunn is : Hur grafisk design kan främja jämställdhet och skapa en attitydförändring inom idrott

Tunn is är resultatet av ett arbete som utforskat normer och värderingar inom idrott med fokus på ishockey. Varken i Sverige eller i världen är idrottsrörelsen jämställd. Allt från sponsorpengar, mediabevakning till attityder och tillgång till omklädningsrum snedfördelas till förmån för män. Ungefär 90% av alla barn i Sverige kommer någon gång i kontakt med idrott (RF-SISU, n.d.) och det är inte barns uppgift att verka för en mer jämställd idrottsupplevelse. Däremot har föräldrar alla möjligheter att göra skillnad för sitt och andras barn. Med målet att verka framåtsyftande, delge konstruktiv feedback och viktig information om normer och föreställningar så riktar sig mitt arbete till föräldrar inom idrottens väggar i Sverige. Med grafisk design som verktygslåda har jag skapat en barnbok för vuxna: Tunn is. Tunn is skildrar Saga, en ung ishockeyspelare, och hennes upplevelser som flicka i en mansdominerad arena. Narrativen är inspirerade av verkliga händelser och ämnar att väcka empati och handlingskraft.Thin ice is the result of my work exploring the norms and attitudes within the world of sports with the main focus on ice hockey. Sweden, along with the rest of the world, does not provide an equal experience for women and girls. That becomes clear when you look at factors like investments, media coverage, attitudes and access to facilities like locker rooms for example. Around 90% of all Swedish children will at some point during their childhood be a part of some typ of organized physical activity and it is not their responsibility to make that space less sexist (RF-SISU, n.d). Parents, on the other hand, have all the possibilities to affect change. With the goal being to strive towards positive change, provide constructive feedback and important information about the norms and attitudes my project is addressed to parents within the world of sports. With graphic design as my tool kit I created a children's book for adults: Thin ice. Thin ice depicts Saga and her reality as a young girl in a male dominated arena. Her story is inspired by true events and is intended to invoke empathy and action

De Obefarna : En studie om de indelta båtsmännens karriärmöjligheter under det senare 1700-talet

Slutgiltigt godkännandedatum: 2022-06-16</p

Flickor/barn med AD/HD : Pedagogen, diagnosen och miljöns betydelse

Validerat; 20110217 (anonymous

Self-esteem, sense of coherence and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder : A longitudinal study from childhood to adulthood

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavioural disorders in school-aged children. The prognosis in adulthood can sometimes be problematic in different aspects related to education, employment, socialization, and overall mental health. The functional impairment of ADHD has been related to the development of a low self-esteem. However, there are reports describing children and adolescents with severe ADHD symptoms that do not report problems such as low self-esteem or problems in school or social competencies. Aim: Self-esteem and sense of coherence (SOC) are both seen as important factors for health and therefore, the overall aim of this thesis was to examine the longitudinal and concurrent relationship between low self-esteem, SOC and ADHD from childhood to young adulthood. Method: The data used in all four papers came from the longitudinal Twin study of Child and Adolescent Development (TCHAD). The twins and/or their parents have been contacted in four different waves. Wave 1 was in 1994 (twins were 8-9 years old) and wave 2 was in 1999 (twins were 13-14 years old). In 2001, a clinical study with a sub sample including the twin pairs living in the Stockholm county area (twins were 15-17 years of age) and finally Wave 4 was in 2006 (twins were 20-21 years old). I used DSM III based ADHD criteria in order to study ADHD symptoms in Paper I and II and DSM IV based criteria for ADHD symptoms in Paper III and IV. We used the I think I am questionnaire in Paper I, II and III for the purpose to study self-esteem and the SOC scale in Paper IV. Results: There was a long-term relationship between ADHD-symptoms in childhood and a low self-esteem in adolescence. However, the patterns of findings in ADHD discordant MZ and DZ twins could indicate the association is not causal but instead problems caused by a common factor for example personality traits due to a genetic factor. A low self esteem in adolescence was associated with a high score of ADHD symptoms in early adulthood, especially with the development of the inattentive subtype of ADHD compared with the hyperactive/impulsive subtype. Children with high scores of ADHD symptoms often seem to have profiles of selfesteem characterized by low scores in the domains skills and talents and psychological well-being. However, more than a few children with high score ADHD had profiles characterized of good self-esteem. In addition, children with the most persistent high scores of ADHD symptoms had relatively good self-esteem profiles. SOC could be a protective factor for the development and the maintenance of mental and physical health. This hypothesis was supported by the findings of a statistically significant interaction between SOC and ADHD at 16 on the outcome, i.e. ADHD at 21 years. The young persons with high (SOC) at age 16 had a low score of ADHD symptoms at age 21 even if they had a high ADHD score at age 16. Conclusions: There was a longitudinal relationship between low self-esteem and high scores of ADHD symptoms from childhood to early adulthood. A high SOC seems to be a good predictor for a reduction of ADHD symptoms from adolescence to early adulthood