Comparison of AOPs Efficiencies on Phenolic Compounds Degradation

In this work, a comparison of the performances of different AOPs in the phenol and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) degradation at lab and pilot scale is presented. It was found that, in the degradation of phenol, the performance of a coupled electro-oxidation/ozonation process is superior to that observed by a photo-Fenton process. Phenol removal rate was determined to be 0.83mg L−1 min−1 for the coupled process while the removal rate for photo-Fenton process was only 0.52mg L−1 min−1. Regarding 4-CP degradation, the complete disappearance of the molecule was achieved and the efficiency decreasing order was as follows: coupled electrooxidation/ ozonation > electro-Fenton-like process > photo-Fenton process > heterogeneous photocatalysis. Total organic carbon was completely removed by the coupled electro-oxidation/ozonation process. Also, it was found that oxalic acid is the most recalcitrant by-product and limits the mineralization degree attained by the technologies not applying ozone. In addition, an analysis on the energy consumption per removed gram of TOC was conducted and it was concluded that the less energy consumption is achieved by the coupled electro-oxidation/ozonation process

Acciones Formativas para el Fomento del Emprendimiento de Base Tecnológica de los Alumnos de los Grados de Comercio y Turismo

Depto. de Organización de EmpresasFac. de Comercio y TurismoFac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesFALSEsubmitte

The Schr\"oder functional equation and its relation to the invariant measures of chaotic maps

The aim of this paper is to show that the invariant measure for a class of one dimensional chaotic maps, $T(x)$, is an extended solution of the Schr\"oder functional equation, $q(T(x))=\lambda q(x)$, induced by them. Hence, we give an unified treatment of a collection of exactly solved examples worked out in the current literature. In particular, we show that these examples belongs to a class of functions introduced by Mira, (see text). Moreover, as a new example, we compute the invariant densities for a class of rational maps having the Weierstrass $\wp$ functions as an invariant one. Also, we study the relation between that equation and the well known Frobenius-Perron and Koopman's operators.Comment: 9 page

EFECTO DE IRRADIACIÓN CON RAYOS GAMMA DE 60Co EN GLADIOLO (Gladiolus communis L.) VARIEDAD ROJA Y BLANCA BORREGA

Se evaluó la estimulación ejercida por 10 dosis de irradiación con Co60 en dos variedades de gladiolo.Irradiation is a widely used physical agent in the treatment of seeds and other crop vegetative materials to induce mutations. Irradiation with 60Co is one of the alternatives for generating mutations, which is a genetic improvement process that is used to create new floral varieties through mutagenic changes. The effect of a mutation in ornamentals is very visible, and changes in flower shape, color, and size are the main indicators of mutation or presence of chimeras as a result of that process. In gladiolus (Gladiolus communis L.) there is no genetic material available which has a degree of resistance to the variety of pests that damage it. Given this situation, it is necessary to generate new varieties with desirable phenotypic characteristics and some degree of resistance. One possible alternative for inducing variability and improvement is the use of ionizing radiation. Therefore, a test was carried out on the Agricultural Sciences Faculty, “El Cerrillo” campus, to evaluate the effects of levels of radiation between 10 and 100 Gy using 60Co in the roja borrega and blanca borrega varieties of gladiolus to determine its effects on phenotypic characteristics (days to bloom, plant height días, greenness, and stalk thickness). The results show that treatment with 30 Gy (T3) stimulated the expression of the different phenotypic characteristics (plant height, stalk thickness, and greenness) above the control treatment in both varieties evaluated. This result was corroborated with a Grow reduction analysis. T3 (30 Gy) was found to be the best dose to stimulate growth and development above control levels, but in the blanca borrega variety, the greatest stimulation was of greenness and stalk thickness, while in the roja borrega variety it was plant height that was most affected. At doses of 80 to 100 Gy, there was a more than 30% reduction in growth compared to control in both varieties. In addition, in the white variety, chimeric petals were observed, which had a reddish tint, product of the stimulation by radiation. These results mark a reference level for the use of irradiation in gladiolus to evaluate different phenotypic parameters.Al proyecto interno 4496/2018/CI de la Universiadad Autónoma del Estado de México por el financiamiento otorgado para la realización del presente trabajo

“Es la economía, estúpido”

En 1992 durante la campaña electoral para llegar a la presidencia de los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, el para entonces candidato por el partido demócrata Bill Clinton, popularizó una frase (que luego se hizo famosa) contra su homólogo republicano George Bush (padre). La frase que lo llevaría a la Casa Blanca era: “Es la economía, estúpido”. Pero ¿qué es la economía?.Instituto de Relaciones Internacionale

Manejo de regeneración natural, en vivero de Virola elongata (Benth) Warb. "cumala blanca", utilizando sustratos orgánicos, Puerto Almendras, Loreto, Perú

El estudio se realizó en el vivero forestal del CIEFOR Puerto Almendras - UNAP, distrito de San Juan Bautista, provincia Maynas, región Loreto. El objetivo fue obtener información del crecimiento en altura y diámetro, así como la sobrevivencia y calidad de las plántulas de regeneración natural de Virola elongata (Benth) Warb. “cumala blanca” sembradas en diferentes sustratos. El área experimental fue de aproximadamente 10 m2 que fue dividido en 15 sub unidades de 1,0 m x 0,3 m c/u; el diseño experimental fue el simple al azar, con testigo, 4 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron, t0 = tierra natural, t1 = 10% gallinaza + 70% aserrín descompuesto + 20% de arena, t2 = 20% gallinaza + 30% aserrín descompuesto + 30% tierra natural + 20% de arena, t3 = 30% gallinaza + 40% aserrín descompuesto + 20% tierra natural + 10% de arena y, t4 = 40% gallinaza + 40% aserrín descompuesto + 20% de arena. Los resultados indican que el tratamiento t4 presentó mayor incremento en altura con promedio 2,3 cm; el mayor incremento en diámetro se produjo en los tratamientos t2 y t3 con promedio 0,5 mm al igual que el testigo t0; la mayor sobrevivencia se registró en el tratamiento t1 con 73% de plantas vivas y, la calidad de las plántulas en general fue Regular.Tesi