Whatever Happened To The Seveloff Fix?

This Article suggests that the Supreme Court has not deprived Alaska Native Villages of a valid basis for claiming the authority to create and enforce their own tribal alcohol regulations. Every federally recognized Alaskan Native Village is situated in an area over which Congress extended the federal Indian liquor laws in 1873, in an enactment Congress has never repealed; this should logically empower Alaska Native Villages to exercise the same federally-delegated authority within their federal Indian liquor law Indian country as lower-48 tribes have within their reservations or “dependent Indian communities.” Since this delegated authority is shared with the states, this postulate does not deprive the State of Alaska of any authority to enforce its own liquor laws; liquor transactions must conform to both state law and applicable tribal law

Addressing a source of trouble outside of the repair space

A body of research in conversation analysis has identified a range of structurally-provided positions in which sources of trouble in talk-in-interaction can be addressed using repair. These practices are contained within what Schegloff (1992) calls the repair space. In this paper, I examine a rare instance in which a source of trouble is not resolved within the repair space and comes to be addressed outside of it. The practice by which this occurs is a post-completion account; that is, an account that is produced after the possible completion of the sequence containing a source of trouble. Unlike fourth position repair, the final repair position available within the repair space, this account is not made in preparation for a revised response to the trouble-source turn. Its more restrictive aim, rather, is to circumvent an ongoing difference between the parties involved. I argue that because the trouble is addressed in this manner, and in this particular position, the repair space can be considered as being limited to the sequence in which a source of trouble originates

The Annual Report: A Prime Disclosure Document

Hard real-time task models have evolved from periodic models to more sophisticated graph-based ones like the Digraph Real-Time Task Model (DRT) [1]. These models have in common that tasks are sequential in nature and do not allow for forking structures, modeling job releases that occur in parallel within the same task. To capture these, we present a task model that extends the DRT model with the possibility of forking and joining release paths. We are developing an exact schedulability test for EDF on uniprocessor systems with a pseudo-polynomial bound of its runtime.UPMAR

Citizen Electronic Identities using TPM 2.0

Electronic Identification (eID) is becoming commonplace in several European countries. eID is typically used to authenticate to government e-services, but is also used for other services, such as public transit, e-banking, and physical security access control. Typical eID tokens take the form of physical smart cards, but successes in merging eID into phone operator SIM cards show that eID tokens integrated into a personal device can offer better usability compared to standalone tokens. At the same time, trusted hardware that enables secure storage and isolated processing of sensitive data have become commonplace both on PC platforms as well as mobile devices. Some time ago, the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) released the version 2.0 of the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) specification. We propose an eID architecture based on the new, rich authorization model introduced in the TCGs TPM 2.0. The goal of the design is to improve the overall security and usability compared to traditional smart card-based solutions. We also provide, to the best our knowledge, the first accessible description of the TPM 2.0 authorization model.Comment: This work is based on an earlier work: Citizen Electronic Identities using TPM 2.0, to appear in the Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Trustworthy embedded devices, TrustED'14, November 3, 2014, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA, http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2666141.266614

Sharing Responsibility? Short- and Long-term Effects of Sweden's "Daddy-Month" Reform

In 1995, the Swedish government reformed the parental leave system with the view to increase the share of fathers in child care, change gender roles in society, and improve the chances of mothers in the labor market. We investigate a unique data set comprising the entire population of Swedish children born in a span of two weeks before and two weeks after the reform. The reform constitutes a natural experiment. Comparing two cohorts of a total of 7600 newborns, their mothers, and fathers over a period of eight years, we look at a) the number of days mothers and fathers take parental leave and b) the number of days for care of sick children. We find that the reform had a strong short-term effect on parental leave by fathers, but that there are no long-run effects on fathers' willingness to increase their part in care for sick children.Gender; Labor market; Natural Experiment; Policy Evaluations

CHIANTI - An atomic database for emission lines. XI. EUV emission lines of Fe VII, Fe VIII and Fe IX observed by Hinode/EIS

A detailed study of emission lines from Fe VII, Fe VIII and Fe IX observed by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on board the Hinode satellite is presented. Spectra in the ranges 170-212 A and 246-292 A show strongly enhanced lines from the upper solar transition region (temperatures 5.4 <= log T <= 5.9) allowing a number of new line identifications to be made. Comparisons of Fe VII lines with predictions from a new atomic model reveal new plasma diagnostics, however there are a number of disagreements between theory and observation for emission line ratios insensitive to density and temperature, suggesting improved atomic data are required. Line ratios for Fe VIII also show discrepancies with theory, with the strong 185.21 and 186.60 lines under-estimated by 60-80 % compared to lines between 192 and 198 A. A newly-identified multiplet between 253.9 and 255.8 A offers excellent temperature diagnostic opportunities relative to the lines between 185-198 A, however the atomic model under-estimates the strength of these lines by factors 3-6. Two new line identifications are made for Fe IX at wavelengths 176.959 A and 177.594 A, while seven other lines between 186 and 200 A are suggested to be due to Fe IX but for which transition identifications can not be made. The new atomic data for Fe VII and Fe IX are demonstrated to significantly modify models for the response function of the TRACE 195 A imaging channel, affecting temperature determinations from this channel. The data will also affect the response functions for other solar EUV imaging instruments such as SOHO/EIT, STEREO/EUVI and the upcoming AIA instrument on the Solar Dynamics Observatory.Comment: 51 pages, submitted to Ap

Domicile Preferences in Employment: The Case of Alaska Hire

Background. Regional variations in mortality and morbidity have been shown in Europe and USA. Longitudinal studies have found increased mortality, dissimilarities in mortality pattern, and differences in utilization of healthcare between foreign- and native-born Swedes. No study has been found comparing mortality among foreign-born and native-born Swedes in relation to catchment areas/counties. Methods. The aim was to describe and compare mortality among foreign-born persons and native Swedes during 1970–1999 in 24 counties in Sweden. Data from the Statistics Sweden and the National Board of Health and Welfare was used, and the database consisted of 723,948 persons, 361,974 foreign-born living in Sweden in 1970 and aged 16 years and above and 361,974 matched Swedish controls. Results. Latest county of residence independently explained higher mortality among foreign-born persons in all but four counties; OR varied from 1.01 to 1.29. Counties with a more rural structure showed the highest differences between foreign-born persons and native controls. Foreign-born persons had a lower mean age (1.0–4.3 years) at time of death. Conclusion. County of residence influences mortality; higher mortality is indicated among migrants than native Swedes in counties with a more rural structure. Further studies are needed to explore possible explanations

The firm size effect: Fact or artifact?

The size-wage effect is well documented in the empirical literature, and typical attempts of explanation center on the supply side, using variations of the human capital approach, perhaps combined with institutional theories. With conclusive evidence of its source yet to emerge, an alternative approach with interesting prospects attempts to give the demand side a more active part to play. Interpreting jobs as tasks, potentially firm-specific and organized in hierarchies, the optimal position for an individual can be assumed to be a function of ability and human capital, while the wage for a specific task is primarily decided by its value for the firm. Then, the role played by human capital changes, its effect being only indirect on wages, and the issue of how the existence of task structures, or career ladders, affect wages becomes paramount. Using data with detailed information about job content and structure, evidence of a natural positive correlation between size and structure is found. Combined with the reasonable assumption of a positive correlation between the position of tasks in the hierarchy and the wage, a size effect may very well come out positive and significant if we fail to control for it, making it an artifact of the data rather than an accurate description of the world