Heilpädagogische Diagnostik. Zur wissenschaftlichen Stigmatisierung von Kindern und Jugendlichen, die an den Folgen von sexualisierter Gewalt litten

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit struktureller, epistemischer und sexualisierter Gewalt an Kindern und Jugendlichen, die von der Jugendwohlfahrt in Österreich betreut wurden. Viele dieser Jugendlichen besuchten zugleich eine einrichtungsinterne Schule, in der sich die Gewalt fortsetzte, ebenso wurden viele bereits im Zuge der flächendeckenden Schuleingangsuntersuchungen mit Gewalt konfrontiert. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse gehen zurück auf Forschungen im österreichischen Bundesland Kärnten. Da die Hauptakteure österreichweit agierten, sind die Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojektes – trotz seines Ausgangspunktes in Kärnten – nicht regional beschränkt. (DIPF/Orig.

Yang-Lee Edge Singularity on a Class of Treelike Lattices

The density of zeros of the partition function of the Ising model on a class of treelike lattices is studied. An exact closed-form expression for the pertinent critical exponents is derived by using a couple of recursion relations which have a singular behavior near the Yang-Lee edge.Comment: 9 pages AmsTex, 2 eps figures, to appear in J.Phys.

Continuously-variable survival exponent for random walks with movable partial reflectors

We study a one-dimensional lattice random walk with an absorbing boundary at the origin and a movable partial reflector. On encountering the reflector, at site x, the walker is reflected (with probability r) to x-1 and the reflector is simultaneously pushed to x+1. Iteration of the transition matrix, and asymptotic analysis of the probability generating function show that the critical exponent delta governing the survival probability varies continuously between 1/2 and 1 as r varies between 0 and 1. Our study suggests a mechanism for nonuniversal kinetic critical behavior, observed in models with an infinite number of absorbing configurations.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Lumbar spinal stenosis: methods of treatment with emphasis on epidural steroid injections

Background and Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare two techniques of steroid application into epidural space to patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), a chronic degenerative spine disorder. Patients and Methods: Sixty LSS patients have been distributed into 2 groups: “BLIND” (n=30, interlaminar epidural steroid injection without RTG control) and “RTG” (n=30, transforaminal epidural injection with RTG control). All patients have received 80 mg of triamcinolon (Kenalog) into epidural space on L4/L5 level, together with 0,5% lidocain (patients in RTG group 3 ml and those in BLIND group 10 ml) in 3 week intervals. They were asked to describe the pain using visual analogue scales (VAS) at the beginning of treatment (VAS-0), after the first (VAS-1), the second (VAS-2) and the third epidural injection (VAS-3). The differences between groups were shown using t-test (age) and c2-test (gender). Medians of VAS scores were statistically described using non parametrial methods. P<0.05 was considered as a statistically significant. Results: There is no statistical difference among patients regarding to age (P=0.93), gender (P=0.12) and VAS-0 score before the first injection (P=0.27). There is a statistically significant reduction of pain in relation to VAS-0 in both groups (P<0.001). Both groups do not statistically differ when it comes to their effectiveness in regards to VAS scores. Conclusions: We did not find any statistical difference in postinterventional VAS scores among two groups of patients. Choice of technique depends on the experience of the anesthesiologist, as well as on the local technical possibilities (availibility of RTG devices)

Exact and Monte Carlo study of adsorption of a self-interacting polymer chain for a family of three-dimensional fractals

We study the problem of adsorption of self-interacting linear polymers situated in fractal containers that belong to the three-dimensional (3d) Sierpinski gasket (SG) family of fractals. Each member of the 3d SG fractal family has a fractal impenetrable 2d adsorbing surface (which is, in fact, 2d SG fractal) and can be labelled by an integer $b$ ($2\le b\le\infty$). By applying the exact and Monte Carlo renormalization group (MCRG) method, we calculate the critical exponents $\nu$ (associated with the mean squared end-to-end distance of polymers) and $\phi$ (associated with the number of adsorbed monomers), for a sequence of fractals with $2\le b\le4$ (exactly) and $2\le b\le40$ (Monte Carlo). We find that both $\nu$ and $\phi$ monotonically decrease with increasing $b$ (that is, with increasing of the container fractal dimension $d_f$), and the interesting fact that both functions, $\nu(b)$ and $\phi(b)$, cross the estimated Euclidean values. Besides, we establish the phase diagrams, for fractals with $b=3$ and $b=4$, which reveal existence of six different phases that merge together at a multi-critical point, whose nature depends on the value of the monomer energy in the layer adjacent to the adsorbing surface.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figure

Interaction between Omeprazole and Gliclazide in Relation to CYP2C19 Phenotype

The antidiabetic drug gliclazide is partly metabolized by CYP2C19, the main enzyme involved in omeprazole metabolism. The aim of the study was to explore the interaction between omeprazole and gliclazide in relation to CYP2C19 phenotype using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach. Developed PBPK models were verified using in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles obtained from a clinical trial on omeprazole-gliclazide interaction in healthy volunteers, CYP2C19 normal/rapid/ultrarapid metabolizers (NM/RM/UM). In addition, the association of omeprazole cotreatment with gliclazide-induced hypoglycemia was explored in 267 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the GoDARTS cohort, Scotland. The PBPK simulations predicted 1.4–1.6-fold higher gliclazide area under the curve (AUC) after 5-day treatment with 20 mg omeprazole in all CYP2C19 phenotype groups except in poor metabolizers. The predicted gliclazide AUC increased 2.1 and 2.5-fold in intermediate metabolizers, and 2.6-and 3.8-fold in NM/RM/UM group, after simulated 20-day dosing with 40 mg omeprazole once and twice daily, respectively. The predicted results were corroborated by findings in patients with T2D which demonstrated 3.3-fold higher odds of severe gliclazide-induced hypoglycemia in NM/RM/UM patients concomitantly treated with omeprazole. Our results indicate that omeprazole may increase exposure to gliclazide and thus increase the risk of gliclazide-associated hypoglycemia in the majority of patients