Distribution of the disease Bois noir (stolbur) in some vineyards in Macedonia

Bois noir (BN) has been present in Macedonia for a long time, but its first scientific report dating back to 2003 (Šeruga et al. 2003). BN is caused by phytoplasmas from stolbur group (16SrXII-A). This group of phytoplasma infects a wide range of wild and cultivated plants in Europe. Three phytoplasma isolates associated with BN were identified in grapevine in the world: VKI VKII and VKIII (Langer & Maixner, 2004). In this study, the spreading of the phytoplasma isolates associated with Bois noir (BN) was investigated on grapevine in the biggest vineyards in Macedonia (Central Vardar region), in the season 2006/07. Used of molecular methods show the presence of Bois noir phytoplasma, type II, VKII, spreader in all investigated regions

SEM analyses of minerals from Allchar deposite - Republic of Macedonia

The Allchar Sb-As-Tl-Au volcanogenic hydrothermal deposit is situated at the northwestern margins of Kožuf Mts. (Republic of Macedonia), close to the border between Republic of Macedonia and Greece. From the geotectonic point of view, ore mineralization is related to a Pliocene volcano-intrusive complex located between the rigid Pellagonian block in the west, and the labile Vardar zone in the east. From the metallogenic point of view, the Allchar deposit belongs to the Kožuf ore district as part of the Serbo-Macedonian metallogenetic province.The locality is one of the Unique deposits in the world not because of its size but because of its mineral composition and diversity, including an abundance of particularly rare thallium sulfosalts

Agroecological conditions for growing some hybrids of sunflower in Ovche Pole region

Sunflower is a very important agricultural crop in the Republic of Macedonia and in other countries around the world. It is a high-yielding oilseed industrial culture, and it is characterized by high fatness that ranges up to 50% of the total weight of the seed in newer hybrids. This study used the latest hybrids that are grown in Macedonia without irrigational conditions in the Ovce pole region (dry and warm region). These characteristics in the production of sunflower were a challenge to set up and examine 12 varieties of hybrids in the Ovce pole region in the period from 2016 to 2017, from the sowing stage (April 2016/17) up to the phase of the sunflower harvest (Sept. 2016/17)

Presence of Plum Pox virus in the Republic of Macedonia

Viral diseases of fruit cultivars affect the quality of fruits and cause great damage in the field of pomiculture. One of the more significant diseases of fruit cultivars, especially plums and peaches is the plum pox or Sharka virus (Plum Pox virus, PPV). There is very little data about the presence of this virus in Macedonia. Examination of old plum cultivars showed symptoms typical of the sharka virus. Field assessment of the percentage of infection of plum trees was carried out in a part of the territory of Macedonia. Some of the young seedlings that were analyzed failed to develop properly and were withered. Using DAS-ELISA tests and a universal set of antibodies, we demonstrated the presence of the Sharka virus in 94% of the examined samples. The test results showed high concentration of viral antigens in the plant samples (OD: 3.618 - 3.47230min). The laboratory analysis of the young fruits indicated that the infection probably originated from the propagative material

Heteranthera reniformis Ruiz & Pavon new weed in rice field in the region of Kocani

This paper is about the species Heteranthera reniformis Ruiz & Pavon found in the rice fields in Kocani-Štip. It is a new adventive species for the flora in Republic of Macedonia. In the text the morphological description of the new weed from the family Pontederiaceae is given. This species Heteranthera reniformis Ruiz & Pavon for the first time is found in July 2004 around Kocani, but less spread in rice fields. In August 2005 this weed is found again in locality between village Cesinovo and village Spancevo left and right from the road. In the rice fields the weed is prevalent on surface about 600 ha and occupied 60-70% from the rice field

Correlation and path analysis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

This study was carried out to determine the correlation between agronomic traits and seed yield of sunflower cultivars and also to determine the direct and indirect effect of analyzed traits on seed yield. The primary task in sunflower breeding programs is increasing the seed yield and creates new hybrids with high potential for seed and oil yield. Field trials were set up according to randomized block design during two growing seasons (2013 and 2014), on research area of Faculty of Agriculture, "Goce Delchev” University in Ovche Pole locality, Republic of Macedonia. As an experimental material were used 20 sunflower varieties. 1 000 seed weight, length and width of grain, oil content, oleic acid content and seed yield were analyzed. For 1 000 seed weight was obtained highly positive and significant correlation with seed yield and grain width. On the other hand, 1 000 seed weight showed negative and significant correlation with oil content. This trait expressed the biggest positive direct effect on seed yield Key words: sunflower, correlation coefficient, path analysis, agronomic trait

FORECASTING MODEL BASED ON CUMULATIVE DEGREE DAYS FOR INCUBATION PERIOD OF Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl. & De Toni

The overall development of Plasmopara viticola and its occurrence in time and space cause rapid disease increases. The incubation period is only part of the life cycle of P. viticola between infection and the first appearance of symptoms. The forecasting based on cumulative degree days for determination of incubation allows the prediction of a small number of primary infections whose calculation by based on the temperature factor. This warning model, in essence, is a regression analysis that presents the relationship between average daily temperature and coefficient of incubation. The determination of the incubation allows precise management of the fungicides against Plasmopara viticola and gives the basic assumptions for the possible occurrence of the primary inoculum

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum - CAUSAL AGENT OF SOFT ROT OF PEPPERS PRODUCED IN THE STRUMICA REGION

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (formerly Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora) is a plant pathogen that causes soft and stem rot diseases in several economically important vegetables such as carrot, cabbage, cucumber, eggplant, garlic, onion, pepper, potato, radish, sweet potato, squash and tomato, where the disease can be detected in the field, transmit, storage and market. Agricultural producers face many challenges in trying to grow crops and ensure stable, high-quality yields. The risk factors involved in agricultural production include climatic conditions, the occurrence of diseases, pests, and weeds. During our field observation, we examined the production of pepper, its economic and nutritional value, and the factors contributing to its decline. Our primary focus is the present status of diseases in pepper, specifically the occurrence of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, the causative agent of bacterial soft rot. P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum is a well-known plant pathogen that causes severe soft rot disease in various crops, resulting in significant economic loss. The aim of this study is to highlight the economic importance of the bacterial agent responsible for soft rot in peppers grown in the open fields in Strumica region. For this purpose, standard bacteriological tests were performed. These tests confirmed the pathogenic, morphological, biochemical, physiological, and growth properties of the pathogen, compared with the control strain KFB85 from the Republic of Serbia

Производство на луцерка во Овче поле и проблеми со жолтата трева

Луцерката или обичната луцерка (науч. Medicago sativa) е едно од најраспространетите индустриски растенија. Кај нас е познато под името детелина, но сѐ уште се употребува и турцизмот јонџа. Луцерката е топлољубиво растение. Идеална температура за нејзиниот најдобар развој е +33°С. Најдобра почва за нејзиниот развој е песоклива иловица. Има длабок корен кој може да достигне длабочина и до 6 m. Таа е многу добра повеќегодишна култура во плодоредот бидејќи ги црпи P и K од длабоките слоеви, благодарение на длабокиот коренов систем. Луцерката е азото фиксирачко растение што значи ја остава површината богата со N. Заради нејзините хранливи состојки, најчесто се користи за сточна храна. Може да се употребува за сено, зелена маса, луцеркино брашно и др. Сеното од луцерка се смета за најхранливо. При одгледување луцерка со примена на добар агротехнички план може да се добијат добри резултати. Луцерката е повеќегодишна култура и треба да се внимава на плодоредот. На исто место може да се сее после 3-4 години. Како преткултури добри се: пченката, компирот, едногодишните легуминози и стрните жита