Feasibility of Ultra-Wideband Channels at Millimeter Wavelengths Faded by Rain in GeoSurf Satellite Constellations

We have studied the interference caused by amplitude and phase distortions induced by rain in ultra-wideband communication systems designed for using amplitude modulation in GeoSurf future satellite constellations. The results concern radio links simulated with the synthetic storm technique at Spino d'Adda (Italy), Madrid (Spain) and Tampa (Florida), which are sites located in different climatic regions. The conclusions are (a) the three sites, although in different climatic zones, are practically indistinguishable; (b) the channel signal-to-noise ratio can be increased or decreased by interference with equal probability. Channel theoretical capacity loss, even in the worst case, is very limited and rain, therefore, does not cause significant linear distortions in ultra-wideband channels at millimeter waves; therefore, these channels could be used at millimeter waves

A Comparison between the Face of the Veil of Manoppello and the Face of the Shroud of Turin

Recently we have studied the unusual optical properties of the Veil of Manoppello, a canvas representing the face of Jesus Christ, and restored digitally the face, by eliminating the distortions of the anatomic details due the yielding of the very fine structure of the fabric. The aim of the present paper is to compare the restored face of the Veil with that visible on the Turin Shroud. In particular, the paper focuses on assessing whether the two images can be superimposed, i.e., whether they are different images of the same face. Indeed, some scholars have suggested that the Veil of Manoppello and the Turin Shroud show different images of the same face. We demonstrate that the face of the Turin Shroud, after a logarithmic transformation of the intensity and the correction of the background noise, shows cheeks’ profiles, not visible before the digital processing, which overlap very well with those of the restored face of the Veil of Manoppello. These correlations between the two images of the face of Jesus raise the question of their historical relationship

Multi–Dimensional Data Analysis of Deep Language in J.R.R. Tolkien and C.S. Lewis Reveals Tight Mathematical Connections

Scholars of English Literature unanimously say that J.R.R. Tolkien influenced C.S. Lewis’s writings. For the first time, we have investigated this issue mathematically by using an original multi-dimensional analysis of linguistic parameters, based on surface deep language variables and linguistic channels. To set our investigation in the framework of English Literature, we have considered some novels written by earlier authors, such as C. Dickens, G. MacDonald and others. The deep language variables and the linguistic channels, discussed in the paper, are likely due to writers’ unconscious design and reveal connections between texts far beyond the writers’ awareness. In summary, the capacity of the extended short-term memory required to readers, the universal readability index of texts, the geometrical representation of texts and the fine tuning of linguistic channels within texts—all tools largely discussed in the paper—revealed strong connections between The Lord of the Rings (Tolkien), The Chronicles of Narnia, The Space Trilogy (Lewis) and novels by MacDonald, therefore agreeing with what the scholars of English Literature say

A Mathematical Structure Underlying Sentences and Its Connection with Short–Term Memory

The purpose of the present paper is to further investigate the mathematical structure of sentences—proposed in a recent paper—and its connections with human short–term memory. This structure is defined by two independent variables which apparently engage two short–term memory buffers in a series. The first buffer is modelled according to the number of words between two consecutive interpunctions—variable referred to as the word interval, IP—which follows Miller’s 7±2 law; the second buffer is modelled by the number of word intervals contained in a sentence, MF, ranging approximately for one to seven. These values result from studying a large number of literary texts belonging to ancient and modern alphabetical languages. After studying the numerical patterns (combinations of IP and MF) that determine the number of sentences that theoretically can be recorded in the two memory buffers—which increases with the use of IP and MF—we compare the theoretical results with those that are actually found in novels from Italian and English literature. We have found that most writers, in both languages, write for readers with small memory buffers and, consequently, are forced to reuse sentence patterns to convey multiple meanings

Literary Fiction or Ancient Astronomical and Meteorological Observations in the Work of Maria Valtorta?

In The Gospel as revealed to me, Maria Valtorta reports a lot of information on the Holy Land at the time of Jesus: historical, archaeological, astronomical, geographical, meteorological. She states she has written what seen “in vision”. By a detailed astronomical analysis of explicit and implicit calendar information reported while she narrates detailed episodes concerning the three years of Jesus’ public life—possible because of many references to lunar phases, constellations, planets visible in the night sky in her writings—it is ascertained that every event described implies a precise date—day, month, year—without being explicitly reported by her. For example, Jesus’ crucifixion should have occurred on Friday April 23 of the year 34, a date proposed by Isaac Newton. She has also recorded the occurrence of rain so that the number of rainy days reported can be compared to the current meteorological data, supposing random observations and no important changes in rainfall daily frequency in the last 2000 years, the latter issue discussed in the paper. Unexpectedly, both the annual and monthly averages of rainy days deduced from the data available from the Israel Meteorological Service and similar averages deduced from her writings agree very well