Effect of Specific Immunoglobulin E Response and Comorbidities on Effectiveness of MP-AzeFlu in a Real-Life Study

Acknowledgements: We would like to thank the subjects who participated in the trial. Funding Sources: This study was supported by MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (a Mylan Company), Bad Homburg, Germany. Technical, editorial, and medical writing assistance were provided under the direction of the authors by Strategix, an affiliate of The Lynx Group, LLC. This assistance was supported by MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (a Mylan Company).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

A chemical approach towards the spectroscopy of carboxylic acid dimer isomerism

The vibrational dynamics and hydrogen bond topology of excited isomers of carboxylic acid dimers is elucidated by an FTIR study of mixed acetic acid-methyl acetate clusters in supersonic jet expansions. The partial esterification prevents a second OH-O hydrogen bond in the dimer and replaces it by a weak CH-O contact. Vibrational transitions due to mixed acid-ester dimers are observed in the O-H, C=O, and C-O stretching range. Similarities between the mixed dimer spectrum and weak bands in the spectrum of pure acetic acid clusters suggest a common hydrogen bond pattern for both species. It is the hydrogen bond pattern observed between two adjacent monomers in solid acetic acid. The conclusions are supported by quantum-chemical calculations

SURPRISING DONOR-ACCEPTOR PREFERENCES IN ALCOHOL DIMERS: A JET-FTIR STUDY

$^{a}$T. H\""aber, U. Schmitt, M.A. Suhm, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 1 (1999) 5573 $^{b}$T. H\""aber, U. Schmitt, C. Emmeluth, M.A. Suhm, Faraday Discuss. 118 (2001) 331Author Institution: Institut f\""ur Physikalische Chemie, Universit\""at G\""ottingenWhen two alcohol molecules pair to form a hydrogen-bonded dimer, one of them will be the hydrogen bond donor, while the other one acts as the hydrogen bond acceptor. From an energetical standpoint, the preferences are often intuitive and can be confirmed by quantum-chemical calculations. A study of OH-stretching fundamentals for a range of alcohol dimers using the ragout-jet FTIR $technique^{a b}$ reveals surprising deviations from such energetical expectations. Pairings including methanol, ethanol, tert.-butanol, perfluoro-tert.-butanol, phenol, cresols and silanols are presented and possible explanations are discussed. For ethanol dimers, the most strongly shifted OH stretching band persists when Ar is added to the expansion. It is therefore due to the most stable dimer conformations and there is evidence that they involve two gauche monomers, although ethanol monomer prefers the trans conformation

Renal effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibition in conscious water loaded dogs

The renal effects of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) were investigated in conscious dogs undergoing sustained water diuresis and replacement of urinary sodium losses. Experiments were performed with and without additional extracellular volume expansion (isotonic saline, 2% body wt). l-NAME (10 μg · kg−1· min−1) infused during water diuresis decreased urine flow (2.5 ± 0.2 to 1.5 ± 0.3 ml/min), free water clearance (1.9 ± 0.2 to 1.0 ± 0.2 ml/min), and sodium excretion (4.0 ± 1.7 to 2.1 ± 0.6 μmol/min). Arterial blood pressure increased from 112 ± 2 to 126 ± 3 mmHg, but creatinine clearance did not measurably change. Plasma endothelin and vasopressin concentrations and plasma renin activity (PRA) were unchanged. Urinary endothelin concentration increased (3.4 ± 0.8 to 6.2 ± 1.7 pg/ml), but the excretion rate remained constant. l-Arginine infusion (0.6 mg · kg−1· min−1) along withl-NAME abolished the renal effects but not the blood pressure increase. Volume expansion increased urine flow (2.5 ± 0.4 to 5.7 ± 0.5 ml/min) and sodium excretion (3.8 ± 1.6 to 76.5 ± 14.5 μmol/min). l-NAME attenuated the renal effects of volume expansion: urine flow increased to 2.8 ± 0.7 ml/min and sodium excretion to 34 ± 17 μmol/min. PRA decreased with control volume expansion but not during l-NAME. Urinary endothelin levels were elevated by l-NAME, decreased with volume expansion in all series, but excretion rate remained constant. Infusion of l-arginine partially reversed these effects of l-NAME. The results demonstrate that NO synthase inhibition increases blood pressure and blunts the renal responses to water and saline loading.</jats:p

Rotationally resolved infrared spectrum of the Li+_D2 cation complex

The infrared spectrum of mass selected Li +-D 2 cations is recorded in the D-D stretch region (2860-2950 cm -1) in a tandem mass spectrometer by monitoring Li + photofragments. The D-D stretch vibration of Li +-D 2 is shifted by -79 cm -1 from that of the free D 2 molecule indicating that the vibrational excitation of the D 2 subunit strengthens the effective Li +-D 2 intermolecular interaction. Around 100 rovibrational transitions, belonging to parallel K a=0-0, 1-1, and 2-2 subbands, are fitted to a Watson A-reduced Hamiltonian to yield effective molecular parameters. The infrared spectrum shows that the complex consists of a Li + ion attached to a slightly perturbed D 2 molecule with a T-shaped equilibrium configuration and a 2.035 A vibrationally averaged intermolecular separation. Comparisons are made between the spectroscopic data and data obtained from rovibrational calculations using a recent three dimensional Li +-D 2 potential energy surface [R. Martinazzo, G. Tantardini, E. Bodo, and F. Gianturco, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 11241 (2003)]

Tuning the hydrogen bond donor/acceptor isomerism in jet-cooled mixed dimers of aliphatic alcohols

Hydrogen bonded complexes between two different aliphatic alcohols exhibit donor/acceptor isomerism. In a supersonic jet expansion, the less stable isomer can isomerize to the more stable isomer if the energy difference is sufficiently large and the barrier sufficiently low. We show by FTIR jet spectroscopy that this is progressively the case for methanol/methanol-d(1), methanol/ethanol, and methanol/tert-butyl alcohol, until no metastable donor/acceptor isomer persists in the expansion. Collisional relaxation experiments, O-18 labeling and quantum chemical calculations are used to assign the spectra. Differences between energetical and spectroscopic acceptor strengths are discussed