Jumlah Emisi Gas Co2 Dan Pemilihan Jenis Tanaman Berdaya Rosot Sangat Tinggi: Studi Kasus Di Kota Bogor (the Amount of Co2 Gasses Emission and Selection of Plant Species with Height Carbon Sink Capability: Case Study in Bogor Municipality)

Activities in towns and cities require energy from fossil fuel which can cause increasing concentration of CO2 ambient. One of the effort to minimize the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, particularly in the urban area, is to develop urban forest. The objective of the research is to measure the concentration of CO2 and to measure the ability of absorbing CO2 gas by urban forest trees in Bogor Botanical Garden and Forest Research Station at Dramaga. The result of the study noticed that: CO2 gas emission in 2015 is 452.486 ton, in 2095 will be 584.142 ton which can then induce increasing the concentration of CO2 ambient. The other research noticed that classification of absorption ability of trees in urban forest area which consist of Bogor Botanical Garden and Forest Research Station at Dramaga are as follow: very high consist of: F. benjamina, T. verrucossum, D. excelsum, C. odoratum (average absorption ability was 643,77 kg/trees/year), high absorption ability are: L. speciosa, A. pavoniana, C. parthenoxylon, S. mahagoni, P. pinnata, F. decipiens, B. roxburghiana (average was 305,91 kg/trees/year), moderate class are: S. wallichii, A. muricata, K. Senegalensis, S. macrophylla, C. grandis, A. heterophyllus, T. grandis (average was 102,07 kg/trees/year), low class are: P. indicus, P. affinis, A. mangium, S. indicum, I. bijuga, K. anthotheca, D. retusa, C. pulcherrima, C. guinensis (average was 28,00 kg/trees/year) and very low class are: C. excelsa, H. mengarawan, T. indica, N. lappaceum, H. odorata, E. cristagalli, M. grandiflora, P. dulce (average was 3,90 kg/trees/year)

Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Air di Sub DAS Lubuk Paraku Sumatera Barat

Lubuk Paraku sub watershed is located at Batang Arau up-stream with Lubuk Paraku river as the main river. It is an area dominated by protected forest and conservation forest, such as Tahura Dr. Mohammad Hatta. Bukit Barisan I Lubuk Paraku water resource has a good quality and quantity, also fulfilled the environmental quality standards. Lubuk Paraku river is at good category for sustainability resource, it is shown by the coefficient of river regime value. Land cover distribution at Lubuk Paraku sub watershed highly dominated by secondary forest, covering an area of 1.520,15 ha or 61,27%. Lubuk Paraku River has numerous water debits; therefore it has a massive utilization potential for various needs such as household utilization, agriculture, power plants and industrial. Total economic value of water resource in Lubuk Paraku sub watershed is 57.122.973.850,-/year

Analisis Spasial Fungsi Ekologi Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Cibinong

Green open space has a function to reduce the level of carbondioxide in the air. Carbondioxide levels are generally increased due to an increase in motor vehicle exhaust gas emissions and land use changes, such as changes in open land into industrial, or agricultural land turned into housing, etc.Cibinong City in this decade had increased levels of carbondioxide caused by the developmnet of a growing city. Research purposes are (1) analyze changes of green open space and its impact on the ability to absorb carbondioxide, (2) analyze the amount of carbondioxide produced by motor vehicle exhaust gas emissions for each road segment and provide direction spatially green open space. In this decade (from 2000 to 2010), Changes of unbuilt land to built land increased from 2.268,88 Ha (35,78 %) to3.558,22 Ha (56,12 %), however, absorption of the green open spaces of the carbondioxide increases. Whereas, Carbondioxide emission strength on larger road on the Raya Bogor (City Center) 498 gr/detik which has the function of arterial roads with the task of helping regional movement. The most amount of carbondioxide emissions generated by personal vehicles, motorcycles, and ligth public trasportation, while trucks and buses do not contribute. When the carbondioxide emission strength map is overlayed with the land use map then we have the conclusion that the roads that have a high volume of vehicle movement will have a high carbondioxide levels, but not mean low air quality because it depends on the existence of protective trees as green belt

Potensi Serapan Karbondioksida Beberapa Jenis Daun Tanaman di Jalur Hijau Jalan Raya Pajajaran, Bogor

Peningkatan konsentrasi CO2 secara efektif dapat dikendalikan dengan pembangunan hutan kota melalui pemilihan jenis tanaman perkotaan yang memiliki potensi serapan CO2 tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data potensi serapan CO2 oleh daun pada sembilan jenis tanaman di jalur hijau Jalan Pajajaran, Bogor. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui survei lapangan dan analisis laboratorium sampel daun menggunakan metode karbohidrat. Studi kasus dan literatur untuk memperoleh data sekunder dari instansi atau literatur terkait, khususnya hasil studi dengan kasus serupa. Data lain yang dikumpulkan terdiri atas jumlah dan luas daun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan C. manghas memiliki potensi serapan CO2 per daun tanaman paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 11,86 ton/daun/tahun. Selain itu, F. elastica dan S. macrophylla juga memiliki nilai serapan CO2 yang relatif baik dibandingkan jenis tanaman lain yaitu masing-masing sebesar 3,83 ton/daun/tahun dan 2,51 ton/daun/tahun. Adapun faktor inheren tanaman yang menentukan besarnya potensi serapan CO2 adalah luas daun, ketebalan daun, kehijauan daun, jumlah daun dan kadar air. Sedangkan faktor luar (eksternal) antara lain tempat hidup tanaman, ketersediaan air dan hara mineral, serta pengaruh cahaya dan suhu

Kebutuhan Hutan Kota Berdasarkan Emisi Karbondioksida Di Kota Prabumulih Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

Urban forest is one of the green open space shape which requires as O2, CO2 absorb, and it is able to create healty physical environment. Prabumulih is one of the part city in South Sumatera which have acreage 4,344.6 ha with existing urban forest areal ±10 ha.The aims of this research is identifying, predicting the urban forest area necessity based on the total of CO2 emissions, and determining the appropriate location to be prioritized as urban forest. The source of CO2 emission derives from the use of fuel (gasoline, diesel, LPG), agricultural area (rice field), cattle (cows, buffaloes, horses, goats, sheep, and poultry) and citizens. Identification of urban forest priority area is based on characteristic of urban forest. The result of this research indicate CO2 emission in 2014 was 190.64 Gg CO2 with the urban forest area necessity to 3,262.44 ha and CO2 emission was predicted to increase until 2034. The result from of model simulation in this research showed that CO2 emission in 2034 will be predicted to 279.40 Gg CO2 with urban forest area needs to 4,785.98 ha. Urban forest locations with higher priority are in Cambai district, West Prabumulih, East Prabumulih, and North Prabumulih

Avoiding drying-artifacts in transmission electron microscopy: Characterizing the size and colloidal state of nanoparticles

Standard transmission electron microscopy nanoparticle sample preparation generally requires the complete removal of the suspending liquid. Drying often introduces artifacts, which can obscure the state of the dispersion prior to drying and preclude automated image analysis typically used to obtain number-weighted particle size distribution. Here we present a straightforward protocol for prevention of the onset of drying artifacts, thereby allowing the preservation of in-situ colloidal features of nanoparticles during TEM sample preparation. This is achieved by adding a suitable macromolecular agent to the suspension. Both research- and economically-relevant particles with high polydispersity and/or shape anisotropy are easily characterized following our approach (http://bsa.bionanomaterials.ch), which allows for rapid and quantitative classification in terms of dimensionality and size: features that are major targets of European Union recommendations and legislation

Assessing the impact of the physical properties of industrially produced carbon nanotubes on their interaction with human primary macrophages in vitro

Currently it is not fully understood how carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may affect human health. Despite this, CNTs are produced at a tonne mass scale yearly. Due to their large production and intended use within a variety of applications it is imperative that a clear understanding of the hazard potential of CNTs is gained. The aim of this study therefore was to assess the impact of five different industrially produced CNTs which varied in their physical properties on the viability of human monocyte derived macrophages (MDM), and subsequently, at sub-lethal concentrations (0.005-0.02 mg/mL), their ability to cause oxidative stress and a pro-inflammatory response in these important immune cells over a 24-h period. None of the CNTs caused significant cytotoxicity up to 0.02 mg/mL after 24 h. Only the long multi-walled CNTs (MWNCTs) caused a significant, dose-dependent (0.005-0.02 mg/mL) reactive oxygen species production, whilst bundled MWCNTs showed a significant tumor necrosis factor alpha release after 24 h exposure at 0.02 mg/mL. No effects were observed for either tangled MWCNTs or short MWCNTs. It can be concluded from the findings of the present study that the industrially produced CNTs studied can cause hazardous effects in vitro that may be associated with their physical propertie

Analysis of Kaba using Computed Tomography and 3D Laser Imaging Techniques

The Tenth Symposium on Polar Science/Poster presentations: [OA] Antarctic meteorites, Wed. 4 Dec. / Entrance Hall (1st floor), National Institute of Polar Researc

Risk assessment of released cellulose nanocrystals – mimicking inhalatory exposure

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) exhibit advantageous chemical and mechanical properties that render them attractive for a wide range of applications. During the life-cycle of CNC containing materials the nanocrystals could be released and become airborne, posing a potential inhalatory exposure risk towards humans. Absent reliable and dose-controlled models that mimic this exposure in situ is a central issue in gaining an insight into the CNC-lung interaction. Here, an Air Liquid Interface Cell Exposure system (ALICE), previously designed for studies of spherical nanoparticles, was used for the first time to establish a realistic physiological exposure test method for inhaled fiber shaped nano-objects; in this case, CNCs isolated from cotton. Applying a microscopy based approach the spatially homogenous deposition of CNCs was demonstrated as a prerequisite of the functioning of the ALICE. Furthermore, reliability and controllability of the system to nebulise high aspect ratio nanomaterials (HARN, e.g. CNCs) was shown. This opens the potential to thoroughly investigate the inhalatory risk of CNCs in vitro using a realistic exposure system