Building social enterprise ecosystems in India: lessons from Sankalp

Why are some places more entrepreneurial than others? The answer might lie in entrepreneurship ‘ecosystems’ – the wider structures that support innovation and entrepreneurial activity in an area – a topic discussed at this year’s Global Sankalp Summit in Delhi. Florence Engasser and Madeleine Gabriel discuss the components that feed into successful ecosystems and raise questions about developing them in different contexts

Fostering good incubation in India outside the urban centres

Nesta’s new report Good Incubation in India explores innovative strategies for social venture incubation in challenging contexts, offering practical advice to policymakers, funders and incubator managers who wish to operate in low-income states and other areas where enterprise ecosystems are less well-developed. In this article Florence Engasser and Madeleine Gabriel sum up key insights and recommendations

Alien Registration- Engasser, Albertine (Lewiston, Androscoggin County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/29881/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Engasser, Antoine (Lewiston, Androscoggin County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/29370/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Engasser, Charlotte C. (Lewiston, Androscoggin County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/29882/thumbnail.jp

A Cl- cotransporter selective for NH4+ over K+ in glial cells of bee retina

There appears to be a flux of ammonium (NH4+/NH3) from neurons to glial cells in most nervous tissues. In bee retinal glial cells, NH4+/NH3 uptake is at least partly by chloride-dependant transport of the ionic form NH4+. Transmembrane transport of NH4+ has been described previously on transporters on which NH4+ replaces K+, or, more rarely, Na+ or H+, but no transport system in animal cells has been shown to be selective for NH4+ over these other ions. To see if the NH4+-Cl− cotransporter on bee retinal glial cells is selective for NH4+ over K+ we measured ammonium-induced changes in intracellular pH (pHi) in isolated bundles of glial cells using a fluorescent indicator. These changes in pHi result from transmembrane fluxes not only of NH4+, but also of NH3. To estimate transmembrane fluxes of NH4+, it was necessary to measure several parameters. Intracellular pH buffering power was found to be 12 mM. Regulatory mechanisms tended to restore intracellular [H+] after its displacement with a time constant of 3 min. Membrane permeability to NH3 was 13 μm s−1. A numerical model was used to deduce the NH4+ flux through the transporter that would account for the pHi changes induced by a 30-s application of ammonium. This flux saturated with increasing [NH4+]o; the relation was fitted with a Michaelis-Menten equation with Km ≈ 7 mM. The inhibition of NH4+ flux by extracellular K+ appeared to be competitive, with an apparent Ki of ∼15 mM. A simple standard model of the transport process satisfactorily described the pHi changes caused by various experimental manipulations when the transporter bound NH4+ with greater affinity than K+. We conclude that this transporter is functionally selective for NH4+ over K+ and that the transporter molecule probably has a greater affinity for NH4+ than for K+

Luis Camnitzer, Olivier Compagnon, Alfonso Morales Carrillo, América Latina 1960-2013 : Photographies

De l’exposition América Latina 1960-2013 : Photographies, visible pendant plusieurs mois à la Fondation Cartier pour l'art contemporain à Paris, puis exportée au Mexique au Museo Amparo à Puebla en 2014, est né ce livre ambitieux qui se propose de faire un panorama diversifié des différentes pratiques photographiques au sein du continent sud-américain sur plus d'un demi-siècle. Son champ d'application, a priori extrêmement vaste, est remis en contexte par des textes introductifs précédant cha..

Rewriting Reality: The Sociological Context of Gaslighting

In 2007, Robin Stern published The gaslight effect: How to spot and survive the hidden manipulation others use to control your life, highlighting gaslighting as a form of psychological abuse that makes victims question the validity of their perceptions. Since then, gaslighting has primarily been tackled from a psychological perspective. Some sociologists, however, theorize that gaslighting is not simply a psychological issue but a sociological one as well. They argue that gaslighting may take place unintentionally when a perpetrator acts on their biases towards members of other social groups, a concept known as epistemic gaslighting. As a form of intentional abuse, gaslighting has been established to have profoundly negative effects on its victims. However, there is a significant gap in research pertaining to the sociological aspects of gaslighting. This study therefore aims to establish the connections between power, social identity, and gaslighting susceptibility. Given the assumption that gaslighting relies on a power differential, this study uses an online, survey-based format to produce data which preliminarily supports the existence of epistemic gaslighting, and aims to be useful in ultimately linking psychological and sociological views of gaslighting behaviors

NAIL COSMETICS

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66131/1/j.1365-4362.1992.tb01368.x.pd