Design for high-temperature /1800 deg F/ liquid metal pressure transducer

Thermionic diode sensor is used as a pressure transducer in advanced space power systems using liquid metals as working and heat transfer media at temperatures up to 1800 deg F. The sensor converts the motion of a pressure actuated refractory alloy capsule into a suitable electrical output

Unified algebraic treatment of resonance

Energy resonance in scattering is usually investigated either directly in the complex energy plane (E-plane) or indirectly in the complex angular momentum plane (L-plane). Another formulation complementing these two approaches was introduced recently. It is an indirect algebraic method that studies resonances in a complex charge plane (Z-plane). This latter approach will be generalized to provide a unified algebraic treatment of resonances in the complex E-, L-, and Z-planes. The complex scaling (rotation) method will be used in the development of this approach. The resolvent operators (Green's functions) are formally defined in these three spaces. Bound states spectrum and resonance energies in the E-plane are mapped onto a discrete set of poles of the respective resolvent operator on the real line of the L- and Z-planes. These poles move along trajectories as the energy is varied. A finite square integrable basis is used in the numerical implementation of this approach. Stability of poles and trajectories against variation in all computational parameters is demonstrated. Resonance energies for a given potential are calculated and compared with those obtained by other studies.Comment: 15 pages, 1 Table, 7 Figures (6 are snapshots of videos

The Importance of Boundary Conditions in Quantum Mechanics

We discuss the role of boundary conditions in determining the physical content of the solutions of the Schrodinger equation. We study the standing-wave, the ``in,'' the ``out,'' and the purely outgoing boundary conditions. As well, we rephrase Feynman's $+i \epsilon$ prescription as a time-asymmetric, causal boundary condition, and discuss the connection of Feynman's $+i \epsilon$ prescription with the arrow of time of Quantum Electrodynamics. A parallel of this arrow of time with that of Classical Electrodynamics is made. We conclude that in general, the time evolution of a closed quantum system has indeed an arrow of time built into the propagators.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of the ICTP conference "Irreversible Quantum Dynamics," Trieste, Italy, July 200

The Basis of the Spending Power

This Article undertakes to demonstrate, however, that Congress\u27 power to spend does not derive from that so-called General Welfare Clause, but instead derives from two overlapping but independent provisions found elsewhere in the Constitution. First, spending for carrying into Execution any enumerated power is authorized by the familiar Necessary and Proper Clause.2 Second, Article IV gives Congress Power to dispose of ... Property belonging to the United States, one species of such property being money in the Treasury. This Property Clause is ample to authorize all federal spending, whether or not it is also authorized by the Necessary and Proper Clause

Foundations for Military Intervention in the United States

Notwithstanding the statements from the judiciary, within little more than a decade the executive branch of the United States government consolidated the old, and added several new, foundations for military intervention in the United States. It would be idle for a legal scholar to speculate whether any edifice of oppression is likely to be built upon these foundations, whether soon or later in time. A sufficient task for the legal scholar is to disclose that the foundations, although faulty, indeed are there; to explain how those foundations came to be laid; and, to show that they have no footing on the bedrock of our law