Mundos Torcidos: diferenças entre crioulos e africanos na dinâmica da construção de comunidades de grandes propriedades no Sudeste brasileiro do século XIX.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar elementos constitutivos das relações entre grupos de escravos oriundos da diáspora africana e seus pares nascidos no Brasil, em busca de um padrão cultural e de fundamentos morais que organizariam as diferenças instauradas no cativeiro, buscando compreender um pouco mais a dinâmica do manuseio de patrimônios imateriais, quer trazidos na travessia do Atlântico, quer produzidos nas senzalas brasileiras. Para tanto, foram selecionados, por simples conveniência de método, alguns dos maiores proprietários de escravos do Vale do Paraíba fluminense e foram usadas algumas fontes já clássicas no estudo da escravidão, em especial: inventários post-mortem, lista de batismos e de óbitos e processos crimes

Mundos Torcidos: diferenças entre crioulos e africanos na dinâmica da construção de comunidades de grandes propriedades no Sudeste brasileiro do século XIX.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar elementos constitutivos das relações entre grupos de escravos oriundos da diáspora africana e seus pares nascidos no Brasil, em busca de um padrão cultural e de fundamentos morais que organizariam as diferenças instauradas no cativeiro, buscando compreender um pouco mais a dinâmica do manuseio de patrimônios imateriais, quer trazidos na travessia do Atlântico, quer produzidos nas senzalas brasileiras. Para tanto, foram selecionados, por simples conveniência de método, alguns dos maiores proprietários de escravos do Vale do Paraíba fluminense e foram usadas algumas fontes já clássicas no estudo da escravidão, em especial: inventários post-mortem, lista de batismos e de óbitos e processos crimes

Os escravos do Estado e o estado de seus escravos: o caso da Real Fazenda de Santa Cruz, RJ (1790-1820)

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar a vida dos escravos da Real fazenda de Santa Cruz e o impacto que a política administrativa do Estado teve sobre ela. A partir de dois inventários produzidos em 1791 e 1818, foram pesquisadas as transformações sofridas pela população escrava em função das mudanças na vida política da colônia. O principal foco do trabalho foi o entendimento do tipo de adaptações que as relações sociais tiveram que sofrer a partir das novas demandas do Estado.

Os jesuítas e a Ilustração na administração de Manuel Martins do Couto Reis da Real Fazenda de Santa Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, 1793-1804)

This article explores the ideas that guided the administration of the Santa Cruz’s farm by Manuel Martins do Couto Reis, from 1793 to 1804. Couto Reis was clearly a military with illustrated ideas, but to make contact with the works carried out by Jesuits on that farm, he realized that the religious conditions had developed remarkably well for not manage this property, but also others that had been owned. The military Couto Reis who began to manage the farm in 1793, lamented the state of abandonment of this land, production and captives. To put it back to proper course, in order to generate income for the royal treasury was necessary, he said, to resume many of the Jesuit’s practices. Would this highlight a contradiction in the thought of this illustrated man? That’s what this paper seeks to answer. Key words: jesuits, Illustration, Santa Cruz farm, Couto Reis.Este artigo busca analisar as ideias que nortearam a administração da Fazenda de Santa Cruz por parte de Manuel Martins do Couto Reis, entre os anos de 1793 a 1804. Couto Reis era um militar claramente imbuído de referenciais ilustrados, mas que, ao tomar contato com as obras realizadas pelos jesuítas nessa fazenda, percebeu que os religiosos haviam desenvolvido condições marcadamente propícias para bem gerir não só essa propriedade, mas também as demais que haviam possuído. O militar, ao assumir a administração da fazenda, em 1793, lamentava o estado de abandono de suas terras, das produções e dos cativos. Para colocá-la novamente no rumo correto, a fim de gerar renda para o erário régio, era preciso, segundo ele, retomar muitas das práticas jesuíticas. Isso evidencia uma contradição no pensamento deste ilustrado? É o que este texto pretende responder. Palavras-chave: jesuítas, Ilustração, Fazenda de Santa Cruz, Couto Reis

Os jesuítas e a Ilustração na administração de Manuel Martins do Couto Reis da Real Fazenda de Santa Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, 1793-1804)

This article explores the ideas that guided the administration of the Santa Cruz’s farm by Manuel Martins do Couto Reis, from 1793 to 1804. Couto Reis was clearly a military with illustrated ideas, but to make contact with the works carried out by Jesuits on that farm, he realized that the religious conditions had developed remarkably well for not manage this property, but also others that had been owned. The military Couto Reis who began to manage the farm in 1793, lamented the state of abandonment of this land, production and captives. To put it back to proper course, in order to generate income for the royal treasury was necessary, he said, to resume many of the Jesuit’s practices. Would this highlight a contradiction in the thought of this illustrated man? That’s what this paper seeks to answer. Key words: jesuits, Illustration, Santa Cruz farm, Couto Reis.Este artigo busca analisar as ideias que nortearam a administração da Fazenda de Santa Cruz por parte de Manuel Martins do Couto Reis, entre os anos de 1793 a 1804. Couto Reis era um militar claramente imbuído de referenciais ilustrados, mas que, ao tomar contato com as obras realizadas pelos jesuítas nessa fazenda, percebeu que os religiosos haviam desenvolvido condições marcadamente propícias para bem gerir não só essa propriedade, mas também as demais que haviam possuído. O militar, ao assumir a administração da fazenda, em 1793, lamentava o estado de abandono de suas terras, das produções e dos cativos. Para colocá-la novamente no rumo correto, a fim de gerar renda para o erário régio, era preciso, segundo ele, retomar muitas das práticas jesuíticas. Isso evidencia uma contradição no pensamento deste ilustrado? É o que este texto pretende responder. Palavras-chave: jesuítas, Ilustração, Fazenda de Santa Cruz, Couto Reis

El trabajo práctico como contenedor y verificador de los conceptos de acondicionamiento natural, sistemas combinados y tipos de cerramiento

La propuesta se basa en el enfoque didáctico de la Cátedra Introducción a la Tecnología, asignatura del primer nivel de la carrera (cuatrimestral), ofreciendo a los estudiantes el mayor contacto posible entre los contenidos teóricos dictados y la realidad a la que refieren. Las particularidades del estudiante ingresante hacen necesario que, en su primera asignatura de contenidos específicos relacionados con arquitectura, deba centrarse en aquellos que son básicos y permanentes en el ejercicio de la Profesión. Se introduce al estudiantado en los saberes específicos de la disciplina, a través de conceptos generales pertinentes, identificando sus aspectos más esenciales, desarrollando, experimentando, investigando sobre los principios que lo fundamentan y que posibiliten el avance hacia especialidades mayores en los ciclos de formación medio y superior; sin dejar de incorporar en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje nuevos emergentes tecnológicos (actuales) que vienen de la mano de la generación de energías no convencionales. La aplicación de los conocimientos adquiridos por parte del estudiante, se expresa a través de la resolución de Trabajos Prácticos que plantean situaciones semejantes a la realidad profesional y a la instancia de resolver nuevas necesidades que de ella devienen, así en el desarrollo de los mismos se tienen en cuenta las temáticas antes nombradas, y se les brinda como dato cierto soluciones posibles de emplear relacionadas directamente a la eficiencia energética, al uso racional y la generación o cogeneración de energía, encontrando como desafío la pertinencia con las que ellos las hacen propias, las incorporan y como los insertan morfológicamente en el diseño arquitectónico

Fuzzy decision making in complex frameworks with generalized aggregation operators

[EN] This article presents a new aggregation system applied to fuzzy decision making. The fuzzy generalized unified aggregation operator (FGUAO) is a system that integrates many operators by adding a new aggregation process that considers the relevance that each operator has in the analysis. It also deals with an uncertain environment where the information is studied with fuzzy numbers. A wide range of particular cases and properties are studied. This approach is further extended by using quasi-arithmetic means. The paper ends studying the applicability in decision making problems regarding the European Union decisions. For doing so, the work uses a multi-person aggregation process obtaining the multi-person - FGUAO operator. An example concerning the fixation of the interest rate by the European Central Bank is presented. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.We would like to thank the associate editor and the anonymous reviewers for valuable comments that have improved the quality of the paper. Support from the Chilean Government through the Fondecyt Regular program (project number 1160286), the University of Chile, the project PIEF-GA-2011-300062 of the European Commission and the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program of the King Saud University (Saudi Arabia), is gratefully acknowledged.Merigó -Lindahl, JM.; Gil-Lafuente, AM.; Yu, D.; Llopis Albert, C. (2018). Fuzzy decision making in complex frameworks with generalized aggregation operators. Applied Soft Computing. 68:314-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2018.04.002S3143216

TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives