PENINGKATAN PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINIER DUA VARIABEL (SPLDV) MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TWO STAY TWO STRAY (TSTS) DI SMP 3 BAE

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya sikap selama proses pembelajaran dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIIIE SMP 3 Bae Kudus. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan sikap dalam proses dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIIIE SMP 3 Bae Kudus pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel (SPLDV) dengan menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri  atas dua siklus. Penelitian  dilaksanakan di kelas VIIIE SMP 3 Bae Kudus. Jumlah siswa 28 orang terdiri 20 orang siswa putri dan 8 orang siswa putra. PTK  dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus yang masing-masing terdiri atas 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi terhadap hasil tindakan. Dari hasil tindakan sikap tanggung jawab, kerja sama, menghargai pendapat dan percaya diri siswa pada siklus I rata-rata mencapai  43% dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 68%. Sementara itu hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran juga mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I hasil belajar siswa mencapai rata-rata 58 dengan siswa tuntas belajar sebanyak 54% dan pada siklus II hasil belajar siswa mencapai rata-rata 77 dengan siswa tuntas belajar sebanyak 78,6%. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TSTS dapat meningkatkan sikap dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel dikelas VIIIE SMP 3 Bae Kudus

Improving the quality of pyrolysis oil from co-firing high-density polyethylene plastic waste and palm empty fruit bunches

This study aimed to produce and improve the quality of pyrolysis oil as a source of bioenergy that is made by mixing palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste. The slow co-pyrolysis method was employed, and HDPE waste and EFB were fed into the pyrolysis reactor at HDPE amounts of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100% by weight. The pyrolysis oil product was obtained by co-firing EFB with HDPE using the slow co-pyrolysis method in a fixed bed reactor at 500°C with a flow rate of 750 mL/min and a heating rate of 5°C/min. The chemical compositions of pyrolysis oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. A pyrolysis oil produced by HDPE 100 wt.% was dominated by the chemical compounds of phenols, aromatics, aliphatic, and acids, while for EFB 100 wt.% was dominated with aldehydes, acids, phenols, furan and aliphatic. The addition of HDPE reduced the amount of pyrolysis oil yield, increased the pH, reduced the viscosity, and reduced the oxygen content of the pyrolysis oil. These results proved that the HDPE affected the decrease in pyrolysis oil and the increase in gas production from co-firing HDPE and EFB using the slow co-pyrolysis method

Speech Function Analysis of the Obama and Jay Leno’s Interview on NBC ‘Tonight Show’.

Fungsi bicara adalah suatu fungsi dari bahasa yang kita hasilkan di dalam percakapan kita dengan orang lain. Untuk memperoleh tafsiran yang benar tentang apa yang orang katakana, kita harus memahami tentang fungsi bicara. Fungsi bicara itu sediri mengandung maksud dan tujuan tertentu., oleh karena itu juga dapat diartikan fungsi basi bicara berisi tentang maksud pembicara. Ketika seseorang berinteraksi dengan orang lain dengan menggunakan bahasa, dia mempunyai dua pilihan pokok; yaitu member dan meminta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan fungsi-fungsi bicara yang diungkapkan oleh Obama dan Jay Leno di dalam naskah wawancara di NBC ‘Tonight Sho’ oleh David Nakamura. Penelitian ini tergolong ke dalam deskriptif kualilatif. Data penelitian ini adalah fungsi-fungsi bicara yang direalisasikan oleh klausa mood. Sumber data diperoleh dari naskah wawancara Obama dan Jay Leno di NBC ‘Tonight Show’ oleh David Nakamura. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat 454 klausa mood yang merealisasikan fungsi-fungsi bicara oleh wawancara Obama dan Jay Leno. Mereka adalah 356 (78,4%) pernyataan, 36 (8,0%) pertanyaan, 34 (7,50%) perintah, 7 (1,50%) pengakuan, 15 (3,30%) jawaban, 5 (1,10%) pemenuhan, dan 1 (0,20%) sangkalan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, saya menyarankan kepada Dosen jurusan pendidikan bahasa Inggris, saya menyarankan hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai contoh dalam mengajar grammar terutama mood dan fungsi bicara. Untuk mahasiswa jurusan bahasa Inggris, saya sarankan dengan membaca penelitian ini mereka akan memahami tentang jenis-jenis mood dan fungsi bahasa. Ini juga diharapkan untuk peneliti selanjutnya untuk melanjutkan dan mengembangkan penelitian ini dengan analisis fungsi bicara yang digunakan oleh pembicara lain, karena penelitian ini hanya membahas tentang fungsi bicara yang direalisasikan oleh klausa mood di dalam naskah wawancara Obama dan Jay Leno di NBC ‘Tonight Show

Removal of Rhodamine-B From Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Onto Chitosan/Polymethylmetacryalte/Cloisite-10A Composites

The aim of this study was to investigate the use chitosan/polymethyl methacrylate/cloisite-10A (Chi/PMMA/Cloi) composites as an adsorbent for Rhodamine-B. The Chi/PMMA/Cloi composites were synthesized by solution induced intercalation method. The properties of the composites were investigated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) loading and contact times on the adsorption process of Rhodamine-B were investigated. The results show that the adsorption capacity for the Rhodamine-B increased with increase in contact times but there was not significant change observed with respect to increase in PMMA loading. Abilities of Chi/PMMA/Cloi composites to adsorb rhodamine-B were higher than those found in the pristine of cloisite-10A, chitosan, and PMMA, respectively. The adsorption capacity of rhodamine-B from solution by using the composites was reached 89.20 – 91.58% with contact times from 40 - 120 min. The results indicate that the Chi/PMMA/Cloi composites can be used for the removal of rhodamine-B from aqueous solutions

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SEJARAH TENTANG KERAJAAN-KERAJAAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA DENGAN TEKNIK MIND MAPPING KELAS X MESIN D SMK NEGERI 1 MAGELANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018 SEMESTER 1

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk dapat meningkatkan  hasil belajar kerjaan-kerajaan  Islam di Indonesia  dengan menggunakan teknik Mind Mapping. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 selama 3 bulan  mulai dari bulan Agustus sampai dengan Oktober. Tempat penelitian di SMK Negeri I Magelang dengan alamat di Jl. Cawang No 2 (0293)362172Fax (0293) 368821 Magelang. Sebagai subyek penelitian ini adalah kelas X Mesin D SMK Negeri 1 Magelang Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 semester 1. Sumber data meliputi data kuantitatif berupa hasil tes kerajaan-kerajaan  Islam di Indonesia dan data kualitatif berupa  hasil observasi, dan dokumentasi pembelajaran. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu teknik kuantitatif berupa tes dan teknik kualitatif berupa nontes. Teknik analisis yang digunakan: data kuantitatif menggunakan analisis deskriptif; data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan metode triangulasi. Prosedur penelitian terdiri atas dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus menggunakan empat tahapan tindakan: perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, daan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa:  (1) teknik Mind Mapping  dapat meningkatkan rerata hasil belajar kerajaan-kerajaan   Islam di Indonesia  dari kategori kurang (44,38) menjadi kategori baik (80,16). Simpulan penelitian adalah penerapan teknik Mind Mapping   dalam pembelajaran kerajaan-kerajaan Islam di Indonesia  dapat meningkatkan  hasil belajar sejarah. Peneliti memberikan saran pada guru sebaiknya dalam mengajar menggunakan model pembelajaran yang bervariasi

Optimizing the Process Conditions in Science and Engineering for Improvement of Product Engineering

Finding the novelty in and developing new science and engineering applications in the world is very important and interesting. Overall, process and product engineering aims to improve and increase the effectiveness of the engineering process in order to achieve the optimum conditions. However, engineering and environmental applications still contain various limitations such as high energy demand, catalyst costs, and less reuse or regeneration of adsorbents and catalysts. These challenges have led to the exploration of cheaper precursors, the regeneration of adsorbents or catalysts, mechanisms reactions, and overall optimization of the engineering process. Moreover, multifunctional and advanced materials could be promising as materials for further applications. To the best of our knowledge, investigation and exploration of the precursors, methods, design, instruments, product, and/or manufacturing is required for the future as they facilitate and integrate with each other. The adsorption process is a simple and important method for many applications within the environment and industries to deal with the removal of heavy metals, pollutants, and odor from wastewater, and to tackle polluted air. Clean energy sources and global warming have been major issues and challenges for many years, including a reduction of CO2. Much attention has been paid to the key issue of developing alternative uses for by-products (waste) in addressing the sustainability of this resource. In particular, the utilization of any by-product (waste) as a useful product should be considered as a source of economic, eco-friendly, high-efficiency, and renewable materials, and should follow at least one rule, such as the “polluter pays” principle. This is expected to pave the way for the attainment of advanced applications. All of the findings of this research are effective and may be used to enable the further development of environmental applications for the removal of a diverse range of pollutants, diminish hazardous pollutants, and facilitate the minimization method for the management of waste. On the other hand, to improve the production of renewable energy and further applications, the overall process also needs to be considered, including the temperature, time, feedstock composition, catalyst, and arrangement of the design.To address the above problems, the 2nd International Tropical Renewable Energy Conference (i-TREC) 2017 was held on October 3–4, 2017 at the Courtyard by Marriott Bali Nusa Dua Resort, Bali, Indonesia. The 2nd i-TREC 2017 was proudly organized by the Tropical Renewable Energy Center, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia. The main theme of the 2nd i-TREC 2017 was “Towards Tropical Renewable Energy Innovation and Technology Integration.” The 168 presented papers came from various countries, such as Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Brazil, France, Indonesia, Japan, and Malaysia. The 2nd i-TREC 2017 covered three symposia, namely Renewable Energy System and Regulation, Biomass and Biotechnology, and Multifunctional and Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy Applications. From a total of 168 papers from the three symposia, we selected 22 for publication in IJTech. The papers are from a range of fields, as follows: architecture (1), chemical engineering (9), civil engineering (1), electrical engineering (1), mechanical engineering (7), and metallurgical and materials engineering (3). All of the 22 selected papers from the three symposia are summarized below

PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA GAMBAR SERI PADA SISWA KELAS III SD NEGERI 03 LALUNG KARANGANYAR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2008/2009

The aim of this classroom action research is to find out the utilization of serial pictorial learning media for the speaking skills for the third grade students of State Primary School 03 of Lalung, Karanganyar in the academic year of 2008/2009. The aim includes two aspects, namely :1) improving the students’ activenees in the speaking skill learning process in the Indonesian Language subject matter, and (2) improving the result of the Students’ speaking skills in the Indonesian Language subject matter. The subjeck of this research was all of the 34 third grade students of State Primary School 03 of Lalung, Karanganyar in the academic year of 2008/2009. Its data were gathered through documentation. The actions of the serial pictorial learning media utilization in the speaking skill learning were conducted through three cycles, and the utilization of the serial pictorial learning media in each cycle was improved based on the reflection of the previos cycle(s). Each cycle consisted of planning stage, implementation stage, and observation and reflection stage. The data were analyzed by using a comparative descriptive technique of analysis, that is, comparing between the students’ activenees score and the result of their speaking skills in each cycle to the former cycles. Based on the analysis, a conclusion in drawn that the utilization of serial pictorial learning media for the speaking skills for the third grade studens of State Primary School 03 of Lalung, Karanganyar in the academic year of 2008/2009 is able to improve (1) the students’ activeness in the spaking skill learning process in the Indonesian Language subject matter as indicated by students’ activeness where the average scores in pre-action cycle, Cycle I, Cycle II, and Cycle III are 38%,42.5%, 63.5% and 88% respectively, and (2) the result of the students’ speaking skiil in the Indonesian Language subject matter as indicated by their average scores in each cycle, namely : 59, 60, 69 and 74.32 respetively. The number of students whose average score is > 70 in pre-action cycle, Cycle I, Cycle II, and Cycle III are 8 (23.5%), 10 (29%), 17 (56%), and 29 (87%) respectivel

Removal of Rhodamine-B From Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Onto Chitosan/Polymethylmetacryalte/Cloisite-10A Composites

The aim of this study was to investigate the use chitosan/polymethyl methacrylate/cloisite-10A (Chi/PMMA/Cloi) composites as an adsorbent for Rhodamine-B. The Chi/PMMA/Cloi composites were synthesized by solution induced intercalation method. The properties of the composites were investigated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) loading and contact times on the adsorption process of Rhodamine-B were investigated. The results show that the adsorption capacity for the Rhodamine-B increased with increase in contact times but there was not significant change observed with respect to increase in PMMA loading. Abilities of Chi/PMMA/Cloi composites to adsorb rhodamine-B were higher than those found in the pristine of cloisite-10A, chitosan, and PMMA, respectively. The adsorption capacity of rhodamine-B from solution by using the composites was reached 89.20 – 91.58% with contact times from 40 - 120 min. The results indicate that the Chi/PMMA/Cloi composites can be used for the removal of rhodamine-B from aqueous solutions