Marginal abatement cost curves for UK agriculture, forestry, land-use and land-use change sector out to 2022

Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, land use, land use change and forestry (ALULUCF) are a significant percentage of UK industrial emissions. The UK Government is committed to ambitious targets for reducing emissions and all significant industrial sources are coming under increasing scrutiny. The task of allocating shares of future reductions falls to the newly appointed Committee on Climate Change (CCC), which needs to consider efficient mitigation potential across a range of sectors. Marginal abatement cost curves are derived for a range of mitigation measures in the agriculture and forestry sectors over a range of adoption scenarios and for the years 2012, 2017 and 2022. The results indicate that in 2022 around 6.36 MtCO2e could be abated at negative or zero cost. Further, in same year over 17% of agricultural GHG emissions (7.85MtCO2e) could be abated at a cost of less than the 2022 Shadow Price of Carbon (£34tCO2e).Environmental Economics and Policy,

MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST CURVES FOR UK AGRICULTURAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

This paper addresses the challenge of developing a ‘bottom-up’ marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) for greenhouse gas emissions from UK agriculture. A MACC illustrates the costs of specific crop, soil, and livestock abatement measures against a ‘‘business as usual’’ scenario. The results indicate that in 2022 under a specific policy scenario, around 5.38 MtCO2 equivalent (e) could be abated at negative or zero cost. A further 17% of agricultural GHG emissions (7.85 MtCO2e) could be abated at a lower unit cost than the UK Government’s 2022 shadow price of carbon (£34 (tCO2e)-1). The paper discusses a range of methodological hurdles that complicate cost-effectiveness appraisal of abatement in agriculture relative to other sectors.Climate change, Marginal abatement costs, Agriculture, Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Q52, Q 54, Q58,

Nem-konvencionális gyógymódok a háziorvos szemszögéből

INTRODUCTION: The patients initiate the use of complementary and alternative medicine and this often remains hidden from their primary care physician. AIM: To explore general practitioners' knowledge and attitude towards complementary and alternative medicine, and study the need and appropriate forms of education, as well as ask their opinion on integration of alternative medicine into mainstream medicine. METHOD: A voluntary anonymous questionnaire was used on two conferences for general practitioners organized by the Family Medicine Department of Semmelweis University. Complementary and alternative medicine was defined by the definition of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and certified modalities were all listed. RESULTS: 194 general practitioners answered the questionnaire (39.8% response rate). 14% of the responders had licence in at least one complementary and alternative medicine modalities, 45% used complementary and alternative medicine in their family in case of illnesses. It was the opinion of the majority (91.8%) that it was necessary to be familiar with every method used by their patients, however, 82.5% claimed not to have enough knowledge in complementary medicine. Graduate and postgraduate education in the field was thought to be necessary by 86% of the responders; increased odds for commitment in personal education was found among female general practitioners, less than 20 years professional experience and personal experience of alternative medicine. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that general practitioners would like to know more about complementary and alternative medicine modalities used by their patients. They consider education of medical professionals necessary and a special group is willing to undergo further education in the field. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(28), 1133-1139

Developing a nationally appropriate mitigation measure from the greenhouse gas abatement potential from livestock production in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Brazil is one of the first major developing countries to commit to a national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions target that requires a reduction of between 36.1% and 38.9% relative to baseline emissions by 2020. The country intends to submit to agricultural emissions reductions as part of this target with livestock production identified as offering significant abatement potentia

Szövegtipológiai kutatás = Theoretical and empirical questions of text types

A kutatás fő célja: általános és magyar szövegtipológiai jellemzők megállapítása, egyes szövegtípusok leírása nyelvi jellemzőkkel, a funkcionális és kognitív elméletek, az etnometodológia, a diskurzuselemzés keretében. A fő eredmények: a szövegtípusok kognitív mintákba rendeződnek; a minták történetiek, konvencionáltak; a tipológia nyitott potenciális rendszer; a kommunikáció résztvevői aktívan feldolgozzák a mintát; a prototípuselv jelentékeny mértékben érvényesül; a szövegtipológia leírása a kijelölt mélységi szinttől függ; műveleti és szerkezeti tényezők a fő változók; a szövegtipológiai jellemzők nem külsődlegesek, elsődlegesen a szöveg nyelvi műveleti szerkezetében valósulnak meg; a szöveg műveleti szerkezetének egyes elemei (például a koreferencia vagy a nézőpont) univerzálisak, ugyanakkor belső felépítésük és fajtáik szövegbeli gyakorisága mutat szövegtipológiai jellegzetességeket. A kutatásban sor került a szövegtipológiai kutatás áttekintésére, egy kognitív szövegtipológia fölvázolására, a retorikai hagyomány szövegtipológiai eredményeinek bemutatására, a beszélt nyelvi történetmondás, egyes társalgási szövegtípusok, az epikus ráolvasó imádságok funkcionális és kognitív elemzésére, a narratív diskurzusok pragmatikai nézőpontú leírására, a szövegek időszerkezetének tipológiai jellemzésére. A kutatás publikációs eredménye egy magyar és egy angol nyelvű tanulmánykötet, egy konferenciakötet, továbbá egy elméleti monográfia és egy angol nyelvű tanulmánykötet. | The main goals of the project: to assess general and Hungarian text typological features, to describe specific text types with linguistic features, in the theoretical framework of functional and cognitive linguistics, ethnomethodology, and discourse analysis. The linguistic results: text types are settled in cognitive schemas; the schemas are historical and conventional; text typology is an open potential system; the interlocutors process actively the schemas; prototype effects work; the description of the text typology depends on the depth of the descriptive level; processual and structural factors are the chief variables; typological features are not external, they are instantiated in the online structure of the discourse; certain portions of the online structure of the discourse (e.g. coreference, viewpoint) are universal, but their inner structure and frequency show typological constraints. Descriptive results: typological research review, the outlines of a cognitive text typology, the text typological results of the rhetorical tradition, the functional and cognitive analysis of the spoken language storytelling, certain discourse types, the epic incantational prayers, perspective and deixis in narrative discourses, the temporal structure of certain discourses. Results in publication: two volumes of papers (one Hungarian, one English), one volume of conference papers, one monograph, and one additional volume of papers in English

A high-level scoping review - Farming, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon storage: cereals and oilseeds

This high-level scoping project aimed to inform the design and development of the Evidence forFarming Initiative (EFI). It provided information focused on the ‘net zero’ agenda that will allowprototype products and services to assist decision-makers seeking to reduce greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions in arable farming systems. A reduction in net GHG emissions within combinablecropping systems (whether assessed per unit of output, per unit of land area used, or at a nationallevel) will be achieved most effectively by the implementation of on-farm interventions that increaseproductive efficiency and carbon storage, and produce materials/energy for the green economy.The UK research landscape underpinning the measurement or mitigation of GHG emissions in UKcropping systems was found to be widespread and diverse, with research teams often working incollaboration (in a range of configurations, depending on the research question underinvestigation). The links between bio-economy research and practical agronomic applicationappeared to be the least well developed; in addition, much of the underpinning work on renewableenergy and fossil fuel replacement is not directly targeted at the agriculture sector (which is likely tobenefit from ongoing research for construction and road haulage). However, there are relevantinternational collaborations in place, including informal knowledge sharing, via academic societies,as well as through formal research collaborations