Generalised forms of fractional Euler and Runge-Kutta methods using non-uniform grid

In this paper, we propose generalised forms of three well-known fractional numerical methods named as Euler, Runge-Kutta 2-step, and Runge-Kutta 4-step, respectively. The new versions we provide of these methods are derived by using a technique of non-uniform grid which is slightly di erent to all the previous existing versions of these algorithms. A new generalised form of well-known Caputo-type fractional derivative is used to derive the results. All necessary analysis related to the stability, convergence, and error bounds are also provided. The precision of all simulated results are justi ed by performing a bunch of practical works in which some important examples have been solved by implementing the code in Mathematica software. Finally, we give a brief discussion on the simulated results which shows that the generalised methods are fully novel, e ective, strong, and very easy to implement

Ditopological texture spaces and fuzzy topology, I. Basic concepts

This is the first of three papers which develop various fundamental aspects of the theory of ditopological texture spaces in a categorical setting and present important links with the theory of L-topological spaces. The authors begin by defining the notion of q-sets, which together with the p-sets considered earlier, enable the formulation of a powerful concept of duality. This plays an important role in the theory of direlations and difunctions, which is described here in detail. Difunctions are then taken as the morphisms of a category dfTex, whose objects are texture spaces. Several important subcategories are defined and the closely related construct fTex defined. Some properties of the functors between these categories are obtained. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Utilisation of AM/FM systems in the operation of distribution networks

Abstract- The integration of distribution SCADA systems with Automated Mapping and Facilities Management (AM/FM) systems improves the potential for developing efficient tools for the operation and control of distribution networks. This paper presents the features of a pilot AlWFM system to be utilised in conjunction with a realtime SCADA system. In addition to rapid retrieval of graphic information and facility attribute data, the system is capable of maintaining a dynamic feeder connectivity model and performing outage analysis

Exploring free amino acid profiles in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever patients: Implications for disease progression

This study investigated the intricate interplay between Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection and alterations in amino acid metabolism. The primary aim is to elucidate the impact of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) on specific amino acid concentrations and identify potential metabolic markers associated with viral infection. One hundred ninety individuals participated in this study, comprising 115 CCHF patients, 30 CCHF negative patients, and 45 healthy controls. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry techniques were employed to quantify amino acid concentrations. The amino acid metabolic profiles in CCHF patients exhibit substantial distinctions from those in the control group. Patients highlight distinct metabolic reprogramming, notably characterized by arginine, histidine, taurine, glutamic acid, and glutamine metabolism shifts. These changes have been associated with the underlying molecular mechanisms of the disease. Exploring novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies addressing specific amino acids may offer potential means to mitigate the severity of the disease.Research Fund of Erciyes University; [TSG-2021-10912]This study was supported by the Research Fund of Erciyes University (TSG-2021-10912). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, publication decisions, or manuscript preparation

The Impacts of Central Fatigue on the Polyphasic Nature of Tapping Performance

Objective: As a non-specific symptom muscle fatigue mostly accompanies neuromuscular diseases and also occurs frequently in healthy individuals. Fatigue phenomenon is considered to be multidimensional symptom. There have been still discussions on the origin whether it depends primarily on the intrinsic properties of muscle itself (peripheral mechanisms) or the nervous system that controls muscle (central mechanisms). This study aimed to investigate the effects of central fatigue on the performance of maximal voluntary repetitive movement and discusses the specificity of finger tapping task test as a simple diagnostic tool for fatigue. Methods: For this purpose, 27 healthy, male, right-handed volunteer performed the 20-s of finger tapping task test for four times. The one was for control and the other three were performed right after induction of three different central fatigue models. Temporal behavior of tapping performances were evaluated based on inter-tap intervals and the statistical comparison were made by regression analysis. Results: The results showed that the partial evaluation of the task in time domain instead of complete test period yielded with statistically significant differences between control and fatigue models (p<0.001) and even in between the fatigue models. Conclusion: Approximately the first 5-s of a finger tapping task consists of both motor learning processes and dynamics of energy consumption from anaerobic sources. However, it reflects dominantly the central components of fatigue. We may conclude that the temporal behavior of tapping performance following the induction of specific fatigue model may help making further discrimination for the origin of fatigue