Corporate Policy in Mexico During the Porfirian Age. The Telephone Companies, 1881-1905

In Mexico City, in the heyday of the Porfirio Díaz’s regime (1877-1911), a telephone system was developed by a private carrier, whose parent company was American Bell Telephone Company, which grew into a privately owned monopoly that served a clientele made up mostly of businessmen and government institutions. This essay tries to explain the company’s corporate policies to grow and profit in this incipient market, as well of the municipal council to regulate its operations till 1903, when its administrative powers were taken away by the federal government.telephone; policy; companies; Mexico; city council

Optimal Fiscal Policy in a Small Open Economy and the Structure of International Financial Markets.

This paper characterizes the behavior of debt and tax rates in a small open economy under both complete and incomplete markets. First, I show hat when the government follows an optimal fiscal policy and agents have access to complete markets, the value of the government’s debt portfolio is negatively correlated with government spending, and positively correlated with productivity and output, while output, labor, consumption and the tax rate are uncorrelated with government spending shocks. The stochastic processes followed by these variables inherit the serial-correlation properties of the stochastic process of the productivity shock. Second, I show that if agents can only buy and sell one-period risk-free bonds, public debt shows more persistence than other variables, and it is negatively correlated with productivity and output, and positively correlated with government spending. Moreover, the tax rate is positively correlated with government spending, while consumption is negatively correlated.Complete markets, Incomplete markets, Optimal fiscal policy

Mitigations to Reduce the Law of Unintended Consequences for Autonomy and Other Technological Advances

The United Nations states that Earths population is expected to reach just under 10 billion people (9.7) by the year 2050. To meet the demands of 10 billion people, governments, multinational corporations and global leaders are relying on autonomy and technological advances to augment and/or accommodate human efforts to meet the required needs of daily living. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) gene-edited plants and cloning will be utilized to expand human food supply. Biomimetic implants are expected to improve life expectancy with 3D printed body parts. Human functioning will be extended with wearables and cybernetic implants continuing humanitys path toward transhumanism. Families will be strengthened with 3 parent households. Disease will surely be eradicated using the CRISPR-CAS9 genetic engineering revolution to design out undesirable human traits and to design in new capabilities. With autonomous cars, trucks and buses on our roads and on-demand autonomous aircraft delivering pizzas, medical prescriptions and groceries in the air and multi-planet vehicles traversing space, utopia will finally arrive! Or will it? All of these powerful, man-made, technological systems will experience unintended consequences with certainty. Instead of over-reacting with hysteria and fear, we should be seeking answers to the following questions - What skills are required to architect socially-healthy technological systems for 2050? What mindsets should we embody to ameliorate hubris syndrome and to build our future technological systems with deliberation, soberness and social responsibility

An Affine Model of the Term Structure of Interest Rates in Mexico.

We develop and estimate an affine model that characterizes the dynamics of the term structure of interest rates in Mexico. Moreover, we provide empirical evidence on the relationship between the term structure factors and macroeconomic variables. First, we show that the model fits the data remarkably well. Second, we show that the first factor captures movements in the level of the yield curve, while the second factor captures movements in the slope of the curve. Third, the variance decomposition results show that the level factor accounts for a substantial part of the variance at the long end of the yield curve at all horizons. At short horizons, the slope factor accounts for much of the variance at the short end of the yield curve. Finally, we show that movements in the level of the yield curve are associated with movements in long-term inflation expectations, while movements in the slope of the curve are associated with movements in the short-term nominal interest rate.No-Arbitrage, Latent Factors, Term-Structure

Propuesta de una unidad didáctica de educación artística interdisciplinar en educación infantil

Treball Final de Grau en Mestre o Mestra d'Educació Infantil. Codi: MI1040. Curs acadèmic: 2016/2017The work described below, aims to analyse the situation of the artistic languages in early childhood education and propose to work them in interdisciplinary, because thereby generated for the benefit of the teaching and learning process. And at the same time, to analyse the relationships between the arts and education, and how these relationships, determine the approaches that are conducted in schools. Throughout the 20th century have been established numerous thesis of authours who emphasize the presence of the arts in early childhood education for the integral formation. Despite this, and its existence in the curriculum, we live in a society that continues to believe that a quality education is base don the “instrumental areas”. The present TFG, aims to foster an attitude inclusive of the different artistic languages, which provide us a communicative, symbolic and emotional dimension. In addition, to be considered a crucial tool to acquire knowledge and skills from the first years. The practical part of this work, consists of a didactic unit to be developed in the second cycle of early childhood education. Through this, you want to work the perceptual sensitivity, cognitive and social skillsEl trabajo que se expone a continuación, tiene como objetivo analizar la situación de los lenguajes artísticos en educación infantil y proponer trabajarlos de forma interdisciplinar, pues con ello, se generan sinergias en beneficio del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje. Y a su vez, analizar las relaciones que existen entre las artes y la educación, y cómo estas relaciones, determinan los planteamientos educativos que se llevan a cabo en las escuelas. A lo largo del siglo XX se han establecido numerosas tesis de autores que destacan la presencia de las artes en educación Infantil para la formación integral. A pesar de ello, y de su existencia en el currículum, vivimos en una sociedad que sigue pensando que una educación de calidad se sustenta en las “áreas instrumentales”. Con el presente TFG se quiere fomentar una actitud integradora de los diferentes lenguajes artísticos, los cuales, nos proporcionan una dimensión simbólica, comunicativa y emocional; además, de considerarse una herramienta esencial para adquirir conocimientos y destrezas desde los primeros años. La parte práctica de dicho trabajo, se compone de una unidad didáctica para ser desarrollada en el segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil. A través de ésta, se quiere trabajar la sensibilidad perceptiva, las habilidades cognitivas y sociales

Dante, Sanudo and Polo : from the Crusades to the perpetuation of early modern descriptions of the East as a literary genre

My research focuses on the literary texts of the first half of the fourteenth century, such as those by Marco Polo and Odorico of Pordenone, which opened the path to the geographical and cultural exploration of the East in Early Modern Europe. In less than fifty years, a considerable number of innovative and successful travel accounts marked a sharp rupture with the previous thousand years of indifference towards the empirical description of Eastern lands provided either by Arab geographies, Greek and Roman cosmographies or even the accounts of European travelers to Asia such as Benjamin of Tudela in the twelfth century and John of Pian Carpini and William of Rubruck in the thirteenth century