Lithium samarium polyphosphate, LiSm(PO3)4

The mixed-metal rare-earth polyphosphate LiSm(PO3)4 consists of a three-dimensional framework in which zigzag [(PO3)n]n− chains with a periodicity of four PO4 tetrahedra are connected through Li+ and Sm3+ ions (both with 2. symmetry)

Sodium samarium tetra­kis­(poly­phosphate), NaSm(PO3)4

NaSm(PO3)4 has been prepared by solid state reactions. It belongs to type II of the structural family of M I Ln III(PO3)4 compounds (M I = alkali metal and Ln III = rare earth metal) and is composed of ∞(PO3)n]n− polyphosphate chains with a repeating unit of four PO4 tetra­hedra. The chains extend parallel to [100] and share O atoms with irregular SmO8 polyhedra, forming a three-dimensional framework which delimits tunnels occupied by Na+ cations in a distorted octa­hedral environment

LiDy(PO3)4

Single crystals of lithium dysprosium polyphosphate, LiDy(PO3)4, were prepared by the flux method. The atomic arrangement is built up by infinite (PO3)n chains extending along the b axis. Dy3+ and Li+ cations alternate in the middle of four such chains, with Dy⋯Li distances of 3.54 (1) and 3.48 (1) Å. The DyO8 dodeca­hedra and LiO4 tetra­hedra deviate significantly from the ideal geometry. Both Dy and Li occupy special positions (Wyckoff position 4e, site symmetry 2)

Reassessing the effect of colour on attitude and behavioural intentions in promotional activities: The moderating role of mood and involvement

The present research examines the effect of background colour on attitude and behavioural intentions in various promotional activities taking into consideration the moderating role of mood and involvement. Three experiments reflecting different promotional activities (window display, consumer trade show, guerrilla marketing) were conducted for this purpose. Overall, findings indicate that cool background colours, in contrast to warm colours, induce more positive attitudes and behavioural intentions mainly in positive mood, and low involvement conditions. Implications are also discussed

Are social chameleons prone to entrepreneurship?

Purpose People differ in the extent to which they dispositionally monitor their projected images, expressive behavior and self-presentation according to the contingencies of the situations. Building on Snyder’s self-monitoring theory, this paper aims to assess the influences of self-monitoring on entrepreneurial intention and explain the process responsible for these effects. Because high self-monitors and low self-monitors differ in their ability to adapt their self-presentation and patterns of behaviors to the contingencies of the situation, it was reasonable to suspect that chameleon-like high self-monitors will be more prone to entrepreneurship than true-to-themselves low self-monitors. Design/methodology/approach Based on a sample of 296 respondents, a self-administered questionnaire assessing the attitude toward entrepreneurship, risk aversion, entrepreneurial intentions and the four dimensions of self-monitoring (acting ability, extraversion, other-directedness and speaking ability), and other control variables was conducted. Findings The findings of this study generally support that self-monitoring has relevance in predicting an individual’s entrepreneurial intentions. Because high self-monitors have more acting and speaking abilities, are more extroverted and are more concerned with how others perceive them than are low self-monitors, they would be more likely to start a business and become business owners as they possess favorable attitudes toward entrepreneurship. The overall result regarding risk aversion fails to support a mediating relationship between self-monitoring and entrepreneurial intentions. However, at the same time, the findings confirm that risk aversion directly reduces entrepreneurial intention. Research limitations/implications The findings expand the implementation of Snyder’s self-monitoring theory in the entrepreneurship arena and make an important contribution to the many additions and alterations that have been implemented to the theory of planned behavior in the entrepreneurship literature to better explain entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors. The results add to these works by demonstrating that self-monitoring is a trait that influences the attitude toward entrepreneurship. Also, attitude toward entrepreneurship was found to be a mediator of the relationship between self-monitoring and entrepreneurial intentions. The limitation concerns the use of a convenience sample of students and cross-sectional data. Practical implications The outcomes of this study suggest greater utility for developers of educational curriculums, training programs and start-up knowledge in entrepreneurship. Targeting high self-monitors for training and educational programs in entrepreneurship and including the dimensions of self-monitoring, particularly acting abilities, speaking abilities, extraversion and other-directedness, in entrepreneurship training content will make these programs more successful, offered to the correct target and able to provide personalized content. Building on these results, governments, policymakers, nonprofit organizations and universities who are concerned about the encouragement of entrepreneurial spirit might take advantage of self-monitoring in their awareness advertising campaigns. Originality/value Past research in psychology, management and marketing has provided empirical support for the major propositions of Snyder’s self-monitoring theory. Largely unaddressed, however, is the question of whether self-monitoring might be a driver to take steps to start a business. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is among the first studies – if not the first – to provide evidence that self-monitoring leads to more favorable attitudes and intentions in the entrepreneurship domain. The positive effects found here increase the importance of self-monitoring as an individual-difference construct that broadens the knowledge of why some people are more predisposed to entrepreneurship. </jats:sec

Telepresence, Flow, and Behaviour in the Virtual Retail Environment

Flow theory, as a basis to facilitate the development of compelling experiences, has received growing attention over the past two decades. Facing this plethora of interest, it is obvious that telepresence and flow in human-computer interactions are important issues. The objectives of this chapter is to review and empirically analyze the relationships among flow theory, the telepresence concept, and online behaviour. Particularly, this research investigates the impact of telepresence and flow on Websites visitors’ visit time, perceived visit time, and number of visited pages. An online survey was conducted. The findings indicate that telepresence has a positive effect on the flow state, as measured by concentration and enjoyment. The consumers’ level of concentration positively influenced their visit time, perceived visit time, and number of visited pages. Enjoyment has a positive effect on perceived visit time, but no significant effect on actual visit time and number of visited pages. Discussion and implications of these results are exhibited. Suggestions concerning future research are also presented. </jats:p

Analyse empirique des facteurs influençant l’adoption de l’e-banking par les petites entreprises tunisiennes

Les banques tunisiennes mettent à la disposition de leurs clients un ensemble des services bancaires électroniques. Si les recherches ayant étudié les antécédents de l’adoption de l’e-banking par les clients particuliers sont assez nombreuses, peu est connu sur les prédispositions des entreprises tunisiennes à intégrer l’e-banking comme une procédure fiable leur permettant de gérer les différentes opérations financières. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’expliquer dans quelle mesure les intentions d’utilisation régulière de l’e-banking par les responsables des petites entreprises tunisiennes sont déterminées par la sécurité, la qualité de service, les valeurs et la confiance. La collecte des données est effectuée par un questionnaire remplis par les responsables financiers ou chefs de 104 petites entreprises tunisiennes. L’analyse des données par la méthode PLS montrent un effet significatif et positif de la confiance sur les intentions d’utilisation régulière de l’e-banking. La confiance est déterminée par les valeurs fonctionnelles de l’e-banking. Les valeurs fonctionnelles et les valeurs monétaires sont expliquées par la qualité des services et la sécurité. Les implications managériales et théoriques de ces résultats ainsi que les voies futures de recherche sont examinées.</jats:p

How do personal values help to build generation Y’s entrepreneurial intentions? The role of gender differences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the extent to which personal values affect entrepreneurial intentions and the extent to which this relationship depends on gender among the millennial generation. Design/methodology/approach This relationship was examined using the list of values (LOV). Based on a sample of 600 respondents born between 1977 and 1994, a self-administered online questionnaire was conducted. Findings The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach demonstrated that Generation Y members who give higher priority to self-direction, social affiliation and hedonic orientation values have greater entrepreneurial intentions. Across gender, the PLS-multigroup analysis (MGA) approach reveals that self-direction values enhance entrepreneurial intention for Generation Y females but not for males. Social affiliation values improve entrepreneurial intention for Generation Y males but not for females. Hedonic orientation values rise entrepreneurial intentions for both Generation Y males and females similarly. The findings give also a ranking of the nine LOV. Research limitations/implications Across-cultural comparisons are lacking in this research. This study only focuses on the value–intention relationship. Future research could study the value–attitude–behavior. Practical implications The results provide implications to all agents concerned by promoting new enterprises and feminine entrepreneurship regarding the implementation of personal values in fostering the venture creation process and stimulation of people to become business owners. Originality/value Little is known about the role of personal values in venture creation. The findings provide support for the role personal values play in building entrepreneurial intentions. The focus here was on Generation Y. The generation that faces problems of unemployment, job loss and poverty specifically in the time of crises of the COVID-19 pandemic. The value-based entrepreneurship approach is a proliferating field of research as the world seeks to rebuild economies. </jats:sec