Modeling Momentum-Diffusion in the Solar Wind

Energetic particles accelerated by large solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are a threat to astronauts, global positioning systems (GPS), radio communications, and power grids. It is therefore vital that scientists be able to predict how such particles move and gain energy within the interplanetary medium in order to forewarn society impending hazards so that mitigating actions can be taken. In this work, I take a step towards this goal, using the Energetic Particle Radiation Environment Module (EPREM) code, which is used by UNH\u27s radiation-dosage predictions website, I model interstellar-pickup ions (PUIs). I add to the model by including a momentum-diffusion term which contributes to the change in the distribution as it evolves in time. Here, I investigate how the given model of momentum diffusion affects the energetic PUI population ($v\u3eu_{sw}$). This analysis focuses on the power-law spectra of the suprathermal tail of the PUI distribution. When the velocity dependence of the diffusion coefficient is normalized to the local solar-wind velocity, I have found little to no change in the spectra of the suprathermal ion tails when momentum-diffusion is included; however, when the velocity dependence of the diffusion coefficient is not normalized, hardening of the spectra of the suprathermal ion tail is observed. It is possible that the effect of momentum-diffusion and particle acceleration in CIRs is the source of the energetic seed particle population, which makes up the available particles to be accelerated by a shock. In order to understand these potentially dangerous seed particles, we hope to use new observations from Parker Solar Probe to determine the acceleration processes, such as momentum-diffusion, that yield the observed spectra

Modeling Momentum-Diffusion in the Solar Wind

The Sun is both a resource and a danger. We must be able to predict or have forewarning of large solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their potential threats to astronauts, GPS, radio communications, and power grids. I have used the Energetic Particle Radiation Environment Module (EPREM) code, which is used by PREDICCS, UNH\u27s radiation dosage predictions website, to model interstellar-pickup ions (PUIs). I add to the model by including a momentum-diffusion term which contributes to the change in the distribution as it evolves in time. Here, I investigate how the given model of momentum-diffusion affects the energetic PUI population (with velocity greater than the solar wind velocity). This analysis focuses on the power-law spectra of the suprathermal tail of the PUI distribution. When the velocity dependence of the diffusion coefficient is normalized to the local solar wind velocity, I have found little to no change in the spectra of the suprathermal ion tails when momentum-diffusion is included. When the velocity dependence of the diffusion coefficient is not normalized, hardening of the spectra of the suprathermal ion tail is observed. It is possible that the affect of momentum-diffusion and particle acceleration in CIR\u27s are the source of the energetic seed particle population, which makes up the available particles to be accelerated by a shock. In order to understand these potentially dangerous seed particles, we hope to use new observations from Parker Solar Probe to determine the acceleration processes, such as momentum-diffusion, that yield the observed spectra

A practical method for preparing Ca(OH)2 nanodispersions for the consolidation of archaeological calcareous stones

Exposure to atmospheric conditions results in considerable deterioration of calcareous building stones, lime mortars and plasters in archaeological monuments, requiring several conservation treatments. During the consolidation treatments of the deteriorated calcareous stones, compatibility can best be achieved by introducing a material that would have similar chemical composition and mineralogical structure with the original stone. In recent years, studies on the preparation of Ca(OH)2 nanodispersions for the consolidation of limestone and marble have increased but the preparation processes of these nanodispersions are usually complicated and time consuming. This study aimed to prepare Ca(OH)2 nanodispersions in ethyl alcohol at sufficient concentration levels with a practical method for the consolidation of calcareous archaeological materials. The preparation of higher concentrations of Ca(OH)2 nanodispersion in ethyl alcohol was done by using nano sized CaO and its dispersion in ethyl alcohol. Deteriorated marble pieces from Roman Marble Quarry near Pessinus Archaeological site (Ballıhisar, Turkey) were treated with the prepared Ca(OH)2 nanodispersion and kept at high relative humidity (~90%) at room temperature in the laboratory. Efficient penetration of the nanodispersion, and increase in the physicomechanical properties of treated marbles were followed by examinations with polarizing microscope, SEM, XRD and ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements. Carbonation of the dispersion was followed by titrimetric analysis. Calcite was the main polymorph observed after carbonation. The results showed that consolidation treatments with Ca(OH)2 nanodispersions similar to the one prepared in this study can be used for all calcareous archaeological materials that need improvements in their physical and mechanical properties. © 2018 MAA

Early-age monitoring of fresh cementitious material by acoustic emission

Concrete properties are mainly affected by the fresh state since it has a significant impact on the long-term concrete performance. In this study, acoustic emission (AE) was applied to monitor the behavior of fresh cement paste. AE is based on the detection of high-frequency elastic waves originating from different material sources. This highly sensitive technique provides data that contribute to a deeper understanding of the different ongoing processes for fresh concrete, as the possible AE sources are many. Characterization of each different source type is difficult and therefore, a combined methodology of AE, capillary pressure in the matrix and specimen deformation was applied to monitor the fresh cement paste

Monitoring early-age acoustic emission of cement paste and fly ash paste

In this study, a combined approach of several monitoring techniques was applied to allow correlations between the AE activity and related processes such as shrinkage and settlement evolution, capillary pressure and temperature development in fresh cementitious media. AE parameters related to frequency, energy, and cumulative activity which exhibit sensitivity to the particle size distribution of cement paste are compared with inert fly ash (FA) leading to isolation of the mechanical sources from the chemical ones. Characterization of the origin of different processes occurring in cement paste during hydration is complex. Although acoustic emission (AE) monitoring has been used before, a qualitative relation between the microstructural formation or other early-age processes and the number or parameters of AE signals has not been established. The high sensitivity of AE enables the recording of elastic waves within the cementitious material, allowing the detection of even low-intensity activities

EVALUASI REALISASI PENERIMAAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN DI KABUPATEN BOYOLALI TAHUN 2005 - 2009

Penelitian ini berjudul “Evaluasi Realisasi Penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan di kabupaten Boyolali Tahun 2005-2009”. Yang mendasari penelitian ini, karena Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan sebagai salah satu jenis pajak dapat dimengerti mengingat bumi dan bangunan telah memberikan keuntungan dan/atau kedudukan sosial ekonomi yang lebih baik bagi orang atau badan yang mempunyai sesuatu hak atasnya atau memperoleh dari bumi dan/atau bangunan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui realisasi penerimaan sesuai dengan target penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan yang ada di Kabupaten Boyolali tahun 2005-2009 dan penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Boyolali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif yang meneliti fakta-fakta yang diperoleh dari Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Boyolali. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Realisasi penerimaan di Kabupaten Boyolali dari tahun 2005-2009 dilihat dari sektor Pedesaan dan Perkotaan terus melampaui target penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan

Pembuatan Mobile Controlling System Pada Instansi Pemerintah Kota Surabaya

e-Controlling merupakan salah satu sub-sistem dari Government Resources Management System (GRMS) yang digunakan untuk me-monitor rencana dan realisasi kegiatan pemerintah. Dalam prakteknya, e-Controlling memiliki fitur untuk melihat laporan keuangan dan monitoring bulanan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi pada sistem e-Controlling yang ada saat ini adalah terlalu kompleksnya tabel data yang ditampilkan oleh sistem saat dibuka di perangkat mobile pada saat melihat laporan monitoring. Dengan dibuatnya Mobile Controlling System yang memanfaatkan teknologi data warehouse, diharapkan dapat merangkum semua data yang dibutuhkan dalam sebuah format tampilan data yang lebih sederhana. Hasil uji coba dan validasi yang dilakukan oleh pimpinan dan administrator menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa Mobile Controlling System memiliki format tampilan yang lebih sederhana dan membuat user lebih cepat memahami isi data monitoring bulanan

Demokrasilerde çare tükenmiyor

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 9-Ahmet Adnan SaygunUnutma İstanbul projesi İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı'nın 2016 yılı "Yenilikçi ve Yaratıcı İstanbul Mali Destek Programı" kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Proje No: TR10/16/YNY/010