High Dimensional Classification with combined Adaptive Sparse PLS and Logistic Regression

Motivation: The high dimensionality of genomic data calls for the development of specific classification methodologies, especially to prevent over-optimistic predictions. This challenge can be tackled by compression and variable selection, which combined constitute a powerful framework for classification, as well as data visualization and interpretation. However, current proposed combinations lead to instable and non convergent methods due to inappropriate computational frameworks. We hereby propose a stable and convergent approach for classification in high dimensional based on sparse Partial Least Squares (sparse PLS). Results: We start by proposing a new solution for the sparse PLS problem that is based on proximal operators for the case of univariate responses. Then we develop an adaptive version of the sparse PLS for classification, which combines iterative optimization of logistic regression and sparse PLS to ensure convergence and stability. Our results are confirmed on synthetic and experimental data. In particular we show how crucial convergence and stability can be when cross-validation is involved for calibration purposes. Using gene expression data we explore the prediction of breast cancer relapse. We also propose a multicategorial version of our method on the prediction of cell-types based on single-cell expression data. Availability: Our approach is implemented in the plsgenomics R-package.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables + Supplementary Materials 8 pages, 3 figures, 10 table

Avaliação da Influência de Implementos de Plantio Direto do Milho com Tomografia de Raios Gama.

bitstream/CNPDIA/10463/1/BPD10_2005.pd

Temporal variability of waves at the proton cyclotron frequency upstream from Mars: Implications for Mars distant hydrogen exosphere

We report on the temporal variability of the occurrence of waves at the local proton cyclotron frequency upstream from the Martian bow shock from Mars Global Surveyor observations during the first aerobraking and science phasing orbit periods. Observations at high southern latitudes during minimum-to-mean solar activity show that the wave occurrence rate is significantly higher around perihelion/ southern summer solstice than around the spring and autumn equinoxes. A similar trend is observed in the hydrogen (H) exospheric density profiles over the Martian dayside and South Pole obtained from a model including UV thermospheric heating effects. In spite of the complexity in the ion pickup and plasma wave generation and evolution processes, these results support the idea that variations in the occurrence of waves could be used to study the temporal evolution of the distant Martian H corona and its coupling with the thermosphere at altitudes currently inaccessible to direct measurements.Fil: Bertucci, Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Romanelli, Norberto Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Chaufray, J. Y.. LATMOS; FranciaFil: Gomez, Daniel Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Mazelle, C.. IRAP; FranciaFil: Delva, M.. IWF-ÖAW; AustriaFil: Modolo, R.. LATMOS; FranciaFil: González Galindo, F.. Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía; EspañaFil: Brain, D. A.. University of Colorado Boulder; Estados Unido

Delineation of management zones using mobile measurements of soil apparent electrical conductivity and multivariate geostatistical techniques

Site-specific management promotes the identification and management of areas within the field, which represent subfield regions with homogeneous characteristics (management zones). However, determination of subfield areas is difficult because of the complex combination of factors which could affect crop yield. One possibility to capture yield variability is the use of soil physical properties to define the management zones as they are related to plant available water. With the aim of characterizing the spatial variability of the main soil physical variables and using this information to determine potential management zones, soil samples were taken from 70 locations in a 33-ha field in Badajoz, southwestern Spain. Firstly, accurate spatial distribution maps of the soil attributes were generated by using regression kriging as the most suitable algorithm in which exhaustive secondary information on soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) was incorporated. ECa measurements were carried out with a Veris 3100 operating in both shallow (0–30 cm), ECs, and deep (0–90 cm), ECd,mode. Clay, coarse sand and fine sand were the soil physical properties which exhibited higher correlation with ECa (positively correlated with the finer texture component, clay, and negatively correlated with the coarser ones, coarse and fine sands), particularly with ECs. Thus, this was the secondary variable used to obtain the kriged maps. Later, principal component analysis and fuzzy cluster classification were performed to delineate management zones, resulting in two subfields to be managed separately. This number of subfields was determined using the fuzzy performance index and normalized classification entropy as the way to optimize the classification algorithm

Efeito de novos inibidores de urease no desenvolvimento de Pennisetum glaucum L.

FertBio 2014

Highly efficient separation of actinides from lanthanides by a phenanthroline-derived bis-triazine ligand

The synthesis, lanthanide complexation, and solvent ex- traction of actinide(III) and lanthanide(III) radiotracers from nitric acid solutions by a phenanthroline-derived quadridentate bis-triazine ligand are described. The ligand separates Am(III) and Cm(III) from the lanthanides with remarkably high efficiency, high selectivity, and fast extraction kinetics compared to its 2,2'-bipyridine counterpart. Structures of the 1:2 bis-complexes of the ligand with Eu(III) and Yb(III) were elucidated by X-ray crystallography and force field calculations, respec-tively. The Eu(III) bis-complex is the first 1:2 bis-complex of a quadridentate bis-triazine ligand to be characterized by crystallography. The faster rates of extraction were verified by kinetics measurements using the rotating membrane cell technique in several diluents. The improved kinetics of metal ion extraction are related to the higher surface activity of the ligand at the phase interface. The improvement in the ligand's properties on replacing the bipyridine unit with a phenanthroline unit far exceeds what was anticipated based on ligand design alone

ESCOAMENTO de Materiais Viscoplásticos: Dam Break Flow

Ao longo do último século, o Dam Break Flow vem sendo estudado por muitos autores. A compreensão deste tipo de fenômeno é de grande relevância, uma vez que envolve aplicações em barragens que oferecem múltiplos benefícios para a humanidade. Porém, o rompimento de uma dessas barragens pode trazer consequências indesejáveis e imensuráveis para a sociedade e para o setor de mineração, por exemplo. Neste trabalho estamos interessados em entender como o número de Froude e as propriedades não-newtonianas, particularmente a viscoplasticidade, afetam o perfil de interface do escoamento e a distância alcançada pelo material após o Dam Break Flow. Tais resultados são comparados com o deslocamento de um fluido newtoniano. Através de uma simples abordagem experimental, uma solução de material viscoplástico ou newtoniana incialmente armazenada em um reservatório é instantaneamente liberada. As imagens do escoamento são capturadas durante o teste de duas maneiras diferentes. Uma é feita utilizando uma câmera CCD e a outra é através da Velocimetria por Imagem de Partícula. A partir das imagens obtidas pela câmera CCD, obtém-se um mapa do escoamento, com as suas respectivas velocidades, nível de líquido, formato das interfaces ar-líquido e distância percorrida pelo material são observadas. Já os resultados obtidos com o PIV, são para determinar o campo de velocidade dos momentos iniciais do Dam Break Flow para os diferentes tipos de materiais estudados. Neste trabalho, é mostrado que a plasticidade do material tem total influência sobre a distância alcançada pelo escoamento e também resultam em instabilidades ao longo do mesmo. Foi ainda identificado que o fluido viscoplástico alcança velocidades iniciais maiores que o caso newtoniano. Porém, no decorrer do escoamento, decrescem rapidamente. Quando analisado o caso viscoplástico para um leito com rugosidade, nota-se que para uma superfície lisa, há deslizamento do material de forma significativa para altos valores de plasticidade. Através da análise com PIV, foi constatado que a velocidade de frente de onda é um pouco menor do que a velocidade máxima obtida pelo escoamento. Palavras chave: Dam Break Flow, material viscoplástico, PIV, plasticidade, deslizamento

Electron densities in the upper ionosphere of Mars from the excitation of electron plasma oscillations

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94727/1/jgra19333.pd

Determinants of surgeon choice in cases of suspected implant rupture following mastectomy or aesthetic breast surgery: Clinical implications

Implant ruptures may be diagnosed by physical examination, ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The absence of standard guidelines to approach to implant ruptures may cause unnecessary surgical revisions in the absence of radiological confirmation of prosthetic damages.The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic procedures applied to patients with suspected prosthetic rupture and surgeon choices to perform a revision or to plan a clinical and radiological follow-up.We conducted a retrospective study on 62 women submitted to revision surgery due to radiological diagnosis of suspected implant rupture, following mastectomy or aesthetic reconstruction, and admitted to a Plastic Surgery Department between 2008 and 2018.Seventy-three implants, believed to be ruptured, were explanted. One-third of these were intact and unnecessarily explanted. US associated with MRI evaluation resulted in the most helpful diagnostical method.A standardized clinical and radiological approach is essential to manage breast implant ruptures successfully. An innovative protocol is proposed in order to: ensure the appropriate management of implant ruptures and prevent unnecessary surgical revisions; reduce the risk of claims for medical malpractice in cases of unsatisfactory final aesthetic results or worse than before

Amino acid-derived urease inhibitors promote root growth in Pennisetum glaucum and increase nitrogen uptake.

This work aimed to investigate the effect of new urease inhibitors on the development of Pennisetum glaucum (Pearl millet)