First Record of the Ragged-tooth Shark, Odontaspis ferox, off the U.S. Atlantic Coast

On 11 September 1994, a large shark was captured and later identified as the ragged-tooth shark, Odontaspis ferox (Risso). The shark was captured during routine bottom trawl survey operations onboard the NOAA R/V Albatross IV, approximately 25 n.mi. south-southeast of Cape Hatteras, N.C. (lat. 34° 51' N, long. 75° 26' W) with a “36 Yankee” bottom trawl towed at 3.5 knots. Average water depth at the time of capture was 173 m, bottom temperature was 17.8°C, and salinity was 36.41‰. Total length (cm), fork length (cm), weight (kg), and sex were recorded, the specimen was tagged, photographed, and returned live to

An evaluation of self-administering arithmetic enrichment activities for grades 4, 5, and 6

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

The Dissociation Energy of Carbon Monoxide and the Heat of Sublimation of Graphite

For a number of years there has existed doubt about the value of the dissociation energy of carbon monoxide and about the heat of sublimation of graphite, a directly related quantity. The most popular values for the dissociation energy of carbon monoxide are 9.144 electron-volts, suggested by Herzberg [1] on the basis of predissociation phenomena in band spectra, 9.61 e. v., suggested by Hagstrum and Tate [2] on the basis of electron impact experiments (or the value 9.85 e. v. derivable from predissociation data [3]), and 11.11 e. v., suggested by Gaydon and Penney [4] from an analysis of spectroscopic data. These values together with thermochemical data lead to the values 124.9, 141.4, and 170.3 kcal./mole, respectively, for the heat of sublimation of graphite. Strong evidence for the last of these values has been presented by Brewer, Gilles, and Jenkins [5], who have reported 170.4 kcal./mole from a direct experimental determination. The value has, however, been criticized by other investigators [6,7], and has been defended by Brewer [8]. In this paper we communicate an argument which indicates that the higih values of about 170 kcal./mole for the heat of sublimation of carbon to C(g)(3P) and 11.11 e. v. for the dissociation energy of carbon monoxide are not correct, and which leads instead to the values 140 kcal./mole and 9.77 e. v., respectively

Periodic Optical Variability of Radio Detected Ultracool Dwarfs

A fraction of very low mass stars and brown dwarfs are known to be radio active, in some cases producing periodic pulses. Extensive studies of two such objects have also revealed optical periodic variability and the nature of this variability remains unclear. Here we report on multi-epoch optical photometric monitoring of six radio detected dwarfs, spanning the $\sim$M8 - L3.5 spectral range, conducted to investigate the ubiquity of periodic optical variability in radio detected ultracool dwarfs. This survey is the most sensitive ground-based study carried out to date in search of periodic optical variability from late-type dwarfs, where we obtained 250 hours of monitoring, delivering photometric precision as low as $\sim$0.15%. Five of the six targets exhibit clear periodicity, in all cases likely associated with the rotation period of the dwarf, with a marginal detection found for the sixth. Our data points to a likely association between radio and optical periodic variability in late-M/early-L dwarfs, although the underlying physical cause of this correlation remains unclear. In one case, we have multiple epochs of monitoring of the archetype of pulsing radio dwarfs, the M9 TVLM 513-46546, spanning a period of 5 years, which is sufficiently stable in phase to allow us to establish a period of 1.95958 $\pm$ 0.00005 hours. This phase stability may be associated with a large-scale stable magnetic field, further strengthening the correlation between radio activity and periodic optical variability. Finally, we find a tentative spin-orbit alignment of one component of the very low mass binary LP 349-25.Comment: Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal; 22 pages; 12 figure

Climate Impacted Littoral Phenomena and customary property rights

This article looks at the relationship between different structures of property rights and climate change in littoral areas. It presents a critical historical political economy perspective on the Hohfeldian analysis of property as a legal and jurisprudential concept, primarily by contextualising it as embedded in broader social, economic and environmental relations. Through consideration of contemporary developments in environmental practices in Ghana and Australia, it argues that dramatic changes in customary property rights since their incorporation in the capitalist mode of production have greatly enhanced anthropogenic activities which, in turn, have placed such rights at great risk: of submergence, of losing economic and cultural value, and of disrupting extant economic and biophysical practices. The policy implications arising from such concerns are considere

J D Bernal: philosophy, politics and the science of science

This paper is an examination of the philosophical and political legacy of John Desmond Bernal. It addresses the evidence of an emerging consensus on Bernal based on the recent biography of Bernal by Andrew Brown and the reviews it has received. It takes issue with this view of Bernal, which tends to be admiring of his scientific contribution, bemused by his sexuality, condescending to his philosophy and hostile to his politics. This article is a critical defence of his philosophical and political position

J D Bernal: philosophy, politics and the science of science

This paper is an examination of the philosophical and political legacy of John Desmond Bernal. It addresses the evidence of an emerging consensus on Bernal based on the recent biography of Bernal by Andrew Brown and the reviews it has received. It takes issue with this view of Bernal, which tends to be admiring of his scientific contribution, bemused by his sexuality, condescending to his philosophy and hostile to his politics. This article is a critical defence of his philosophical and political position

Interferometry of infragravity waves off New Zealand

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2014. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 119 (2014): 1103-1122, doi:10.1002/2013JC009395.Wave interferometry is a remote sensing technique, which is increasingly employed in helioseismology, seismology, and acoustics to retrieve parameters of the propagation medium from two-point cross-correlation functions of random wavefields. Here we apply interferometry to yearlong records of seafloor pressure at 28 locations off New Zealand's South Island to investigate propagation and directivity properties of infragravity waves away from shore. A compressed cross-correlation function technique is proposed to make the interferometry of dispersive waves more robust, decrease the necessary noise averaging time, and simplify retrieval of quantitative information from noise cross correlations. The emergence of deterministic wave arrivals from cross correlations of random wavefields is observed up to the maximum range of 692 km between the pressure sensors in the array. Free, linear waves with a strongly anisotropic distribution of power flux density are found to be dominant in the infragravity wavefield. Lowest-frequency components of the infragravity wavefield are largely isotropic. The anisotropy has its maximum in the middle of the spectral band and decreases at the high-frequency end of the spectrum. Highest anisotropy peaks correspond to waves coming from portions of the New Zealand's shoreline. Significant contributions are also observed from waves propagating along the coastline and probably coming from powerful sources in the northeast Pacific. Infragravity wave directivity is markedly different to the east and to the west of the South Island. The northwest coast of the South Island is found to be a net source of the infragravity wave energy.The collection of DPG data was supported by the National Science Foundation Continental Dynamics program under grants EAR-0409564, EAR-0409609, and EAR-0409835. This work was supported, in part, by the University of Colorado Seed Grant ‘‘Study of Ocean Infragravity Waves with a Large Array of Seafloor Seismometers,’’ the National Science Foundation award OCE 1129524, and the Office of Naval Research award N00014-13-1–0348.2014-08-1