Application Of Sustainable Design Principles To Increase Energy Efficiency Of Existing Buildings

This study investigates the effectiveness of different energy retrofitting techniques and examines the impact of employing those methods on energy consumption of existing residential buildings. Based on the research findings, the most effective and practical method of retrofitting has been proposed in order to improve energy efficiency of existing buildings. In order to achieve this goal, an existing residential building has been simulated in FirstRate 5 software so as to determine the existing thermal performance of the building. Afterwards, considering sustainable design principles, different insulation layers, glazing, and construction materials have been employed to conduct a comprehensive thermal performance study. Based on the research outcomes, the best technique for increasing energy efficiency of existing buildings and reducing their environmental impact and footprint has been identified and proposed for practical purposes

Vietnam’s trade policy: a developing nation assessment

Aim/PurposeThis paper is a review of the progress of the Vietnam socio-economic and development plan and an assessment of the extent to which Vietnam is putting in place the critical social and economic development structures that will enable it to reach the status of “developed nation” in the time set (2020) by its national strategic plan. The research will identify and review trade patterns, trade policy and the effect of foreign aid on Vietnam’s plan to transform its economy and society from a developing nation status to status of developednation. The overriding question stands as “is” Vietnam effec-tively moving towards developed nation statussoon”?BackgroundThis paper examines the history of Vietnam from the command economy in its transition to a market driven economy, the criteria, hurdles and challenges as the country moves towards a developed country status. MethodologyApplied research based on the body of research in socio-economic develop-ment theory, international trade and market theory. The review is conducted by collecting and analyzing data on foreign trade, foreign aid, business and general economic growth, development and social wellbeing. Itidentifies and appraises the trade patterns,trade effects, socio-economic policies and the effect of foreign aid] on the economic growth and the progress of the coun-try towards becoming a developed nation state

COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE COMPARISON BASED ON THE TYPES OF INDUSTRY. CASE STUDY: LISTED COMPANIES IN TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE (TSE)

The purpose of this study is to compare competitive intelligence based on the types of industry. In order to do this, the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during a five year period (2004-2008) have been selected. These companies’ products are grouped into five industrial categories; that are, food & drink, tile & ceramic, petrochemical, automobile & parts manufacturing, and cement. In this study, we compare the level of competitive intelligence and its four dimensions among different companies to analyze its relation with the type of industry by using GTILab methodology. The results show significant difference in the competitive intelligence of surveyed industries.competitive intelligence, strategy, competitor analysis, industry

Experimental Investigations on Behaviour of Steel Structure Buildings

In this study, a comprehensive procedure for design, building and commissioning of scale steel structure building models has been developed and presented for practical applications in shaking table test programmes. To validate the model, shaking table tests and numerical time history dynamic analyses were performed under the influence of different scaled earthquake acceleration records. Comparing the numerical predictions and experimental values of maximum lateral displacements, it became apparent that the numerical predictions and laboratory measurements are in a good agreement. As a result, the scale structural model can replicate the behaviour of real steel structure buildings with acceptable accuracy. It is concluded that the physical model is a valid and qualified model which can be employed for experimental shaking table tests

A CRITERION FOR CONSIDERING SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS IN SEISMIC DESIGN OF DUCTILE RC-MRFs ACCORDING TO IRANIAN CODES

During the last quarter of the 20th century, the importance of dynamic soil-structure interaction for several structures founded on soft soils was well recognized. If not accounted for in analysis, the accuracy in assessing structural safety in the face of earthquakes cannot be accounted for adequately. For this reason, seismic soil-structure interaction analysis has become a major topic in earthquake engineering. As the Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings (Standard No. 2800-05) does not address the soil-structure interaction explicitly, the effects of such interaction on behavior of reinforced concrete buildings with ductile moment-resisting frames, loaded and designed according to the Iranian Building Codes, are studied in this research, using direct soil-structure interaction method. To achieve this objective, four types of structures consisting of 3, 5, 7 and 10 story buildings, which represent the typical buildings in a high risk earthquake prone zone, have been selected in conjunction with three types of soil, representing types II, III and IV, as classified in the Iranian Standard No. 2800-05. Ductile Reinforced Concrete Moment-Resisting Frames, as fixed-base structures, once without soil interaction and the next time considering their soil interaction by direct method are modeled and subjected to different earthquake records. The results of the two cases subjected each to different earthquake records are studied and compared. This Comparison led to a criterion indicate that consideration of soil-structure interaction for seismic design, in buildings higher than three stories on soil type IV (Vs<175 m/s) as well as buildings higher than seven stories on soil type III (175<Vs<375 m/s), is essential

Shaking Table Tests on Soil-Structure System to Determine Lateral Seismic Response of Buildings

In this study, a series of experimental shaking table tests were performed on a physical fixed based model (structure directly fixed on top of the shaking table) and a flexible base model (soil-structure system) under the influence of four scaled earthquake acceleration records (two near field and two far field records) and the results were measured. The soil-structure system includes a 15 storey structural model resting on a synthetic clayey soil mixture consisting of kaolinite, bentonite, class F fly ash, lime, and water. The selected soil model was placed into a laminar soil container, designed and constructed to realistically simulate the free field conditions in shaking table tests. Comparing the measured response of fixed base and flexible base models, it is noted that the lateral deflections of flexible base model have evidently amplified in comparison to the fixed base model. As a result, performance level of the structural model may change extensively (e.g. from life safe to near collapse level), which may be extremely dangerous and safety threatening. Thus, it is experimentally observed that dynamic soil-structure interaction plays a significant role in seismic behaviour of moment resisting building frames resting on relatively soft soil

Tinjauan Yuridis Pembatalan Merek Dagang Terdaftar Terkait Prinsip Itikad Baik (Good Faith) dalam Sistem Pendaftaran Merek (Studi Putusan Nomor 356 K/pdt.sus-haki/2013)

Merek yang adalah salah satu bagian dari wujud karya intelektual memiliki peranan penting bagi kelancaran dan peningkatan perdagangan barang atau jasa dalam kegiatan perdagangan dan investasi yang terjadi pada perkembangan globalisasi sekarang ini yang perlu untuk dilindungi. Perlindungan itu sendiri berupa pendaftaran merek kepada Dirjen HKI. Berkaitan dengan pendaftaran merek, wujud perlindungan dari negara terhadap pendaftaran merek adalah merek hanya dapat didaftarkan atas dasar permintaan yang diajukan pemilik merek yang beritikad baik atau dikenal dengan prinsip Good Faith. Walaupun pemerintah telah memberlakukan prinsip itikad baik, mengatur tentang tata cara pendaftaran akan suatu merek yang harus ditolak dan tidak dapat didaftarkan serta perlindungan hukum terhadap pemilik merek terdaftar, tetapi masih sering didapati permasalahan dalam pemeriksaan merek dan hal yang sering menjadi permasalahan adalah mengenai persamaan pada pokoknya atau keseluruhan dan mengenai merek terkenal. Hal tersebut terdapat dalam perkara Krakatau Steel yang melayangkan gugatan kepada Pengadilan Niaga atas merek milik Perwira Adhitama Sejati yang telah terdaftar dengan alasan pendaftaran tersebut dilakukan atas dasar itikad tidak baik yang seharusnya dibatalkan.Kata kunci : Pembatalan Merek, Itikad Baik, Sistem Pendaftaran Merek, Kasus Krakatau Stee