Correction to: Two-fold red excess (TREx): a simple and novel digital color index that enables non-invasive real-time monitoring of green-leaved as well as anthocyanin-rich crops (Plant Methods, (2025), 21, 1, (24), 10.1186/s13007-025-01339-y)

\ua9 The Author(s) 2025.In this article Figs. 2, 3 and 4 appeared incorrectly and have now been corrected in the original publication. For completeness and transparency, the old incorrect versions are displayed below. Incorrect Fig. 2 (Figure presented.) Corrected Fig. 2 (Figure presented.) Schematic representation of the customized setup for leaf image acquisition. A metal frame was used for mounting a smartphone camera and LED lights. A matte white board was used as the background for leaf imaging while maintaining a fixed distance of 50 cm from the camera. Camera parameters (focus, exposure, and ISO) were set by focusing on the empty stage to maintain uniformity of color tone across images. Images were captured using the voice-activated mode to operate the camera remotely, avoiding camera movement and shadows Incorrect Fig. 3 (Figure presented.) Correct Fig. 3 (Figure presented.) Chlorophyll (Chl), anthocyanin (Anth), and carotenoid (Car) contents of Purple basil (PB; n = 60), Red pak choi (RPC; n = 40), Scarlet kale (SK; n = 100), Arugula cv. ‘Wasabi rocket’ (WR; n = 40), Greek basil (GB; n = 40), and Green pak choi (GPC; n = 40) (a), as well as the relation of Chl content with SPAD values (b), Car content (c), and Anth content (d) for plants with high (HA), medium (MA), and low (LA) levels of Anth. Box-and-Whisker plots show the mean ( 7), median (horizontal line), interquartile range (box), and whiskers representing 5 and 95% percentiles (a). Significant differences in mean values for each type of pigment (a) are indicated by different alphabets as per Dunn’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). Equations (b, c) describing the best fit curves for all data combined (n = 320) have been presented along with the coefficients of determination (R2). *Fitted curve for Chl vs Anth (d) has not been presented owing to very poor correlation (R2 < 0.1; n = 320). FW fresh weight Incorrect Fig. 4 (Figure presented.) Correct Fig. 4 (Figure presented.) Plots for anthocyanin/chlorophyll ratio (Anth/Chl) versus Green/Red ratio (G/R; a), Green-minus-Red index (GMR; b), and Augmented Green–Red Index (AGRI; c) for leafy vegetables with different levels of anthocyanin (indicated with different symbols). Coefficients of determination (R2) and equations have been presented for the best-fit curve of the combined dataset (n = 320). Dotted rectangles indicate the point of inflection (elbow) in the fitted curves The original article has been corrected

The Extended Continental Crust West of Islas Marías (Mexico)

The crustal structure around the Islas Marías Archipelago has been debated for a long time. An important unresolved question is where the Rivera-North American plate subduction ends and the Tamayo fracture zone begins, from SE to NW. Results from the TsuJal project have shed light on the northwesternmost part of the Jalisco block structure. It is now clear that Sierra de Cleofas and the Islas Marías Escarpment comprise the northwestern continuation of the Middle America trench. However, other questions remain. In this paper, we present the structure of the shallow and deep crust and the upper mantle of the Islas Marías western region through the integration of multichannel seismic reflection, wide-angle seismic bathymetric and seismicity data, including records of an amphibious seismic network, OBS, and portable seismic stations, purposely deployed for this project, providing an onshore-offshore transect of 310 km length. Our findings disclose new evidence of the complex structure of the Rivera plate that dips 8°–9° underneath the NW Jalisco block as revealed by two seismic profiles parallel to the Islas Marías Escarpment. Moreover, we find five sedimentary basins and active normal faults at the edges of tectonic structures of the E-W oriented West Ranges and the N-S trending Sierra de Cleofas. Furthermore, the Sierra de Cleofas is the beginning of the active subduction of the Rivera plate beneath North America. The oceanic crust thickens and submerges towards the south while is coupled with the continental crust, from 6 km at the northern ends of the seismic profiles to 15 km in the contact region and 24 km at the coast and southern ends of them. The continental Moho was not fully characterized because of the geometry of the seismic transects, but a low-velocity layer associated with Rivera Plate subduction was observed beneath the Jalisco Block. Our results constrain the complexity of the area and reveal new structural features from the oceanic to continental crust and will be pivotal to assess geohazards in this area.</jats:p

Modelling reconfigurable manufacturing systems with coloured timed Petri nets

International audienceReconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs) have been acknowledged as a promising means of providing manufacturing companies with the required production capacities and capabilities. This is accomplished through reconfiguring system elements over time for a diverse set of individualized products often required in small quantities and with short delivery lead times. Recognizing the importance of dynamic modeling and visualization in decision-making support in RMSs and the limitations of current research, we propose in this work to model RMSs with Petri net (PN) techniques focusing on the process of reconfiguring system elements while considering constraints and system performance. In view of the modeling challenges, including variety handling, production variation accommodation, machine selection, and constraint satisfaction, we develop a new formalism of colored timed PNs. In conjunction with colored tokens and timing in colored and timed PNs, we also define a reconfiguration mechanism to meet modeling challenges. An application case from an electronics company producing mobile phone vibration motors is presented. Also reported are system analysis and application results, which show how the proposed formalism can be used in the reconfiguration decision making process

Cytotoxicity of three light-cured resin cements on 3T3 fibroblasts

Abstract Introduction Light-cured resin cements are the first choice for the cementation of laminate veneers. Ideally, they should be biocompatible and offer minimum risks to patients. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the cytotoxicity of three resin cements: Variolink II, Ivoclar Vivadent (C1), Allcem Veneer, FGM (C2), and Rely X Veneer, 3M ESPE (C3). Material and method Twenty four samples of each of the cements were fabricated in a standardized metal mold, light activated, and transferred to a 96-well cell plate with culture of fibroblasts. After 24, 48, and 72h of incubation, cytotoxicity was assessed and cell viability was calculated by the methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. Absorbance was measured at 570 nm using a microplate spectrophotometer. Result The following results were found: Variolink II presented viability of 72.24% (SD 6.80) after 24h, 83.92% (SD 5.26) after 48h, and 92.77% (SD 5.59) after 72h; Allcem Veneer exhibited viability of 70.46% (SD 12.91) after 24h, 85.03% (SD 21.4) after 48h, and 70.46% (SD 12.91) after 72h; Rely X Veneer showed viability of 5.06% (SD 0.88) after 24h, 5.84% (SD 1.18) after 48h, and 6.99% (SD 1.34) after 72h. Conclusion Under these testing conditions, Rely X Veneer presented significantly higher cytotoxicity compared with those of the other light-cured resin cements assessed