Measurement of the inclusive and dijet cross-sections of b-jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive and dijet production cross-sections have been measured for jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements use data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb^-1. The b-jets are identified using either a lifetime-based method, where secondary decay vertices of b-hadrons in jets are reconstructed using information from the tracking detectors, or a muon-based method where the presence of a muon is used to identify semileptonic decays of b-hadrons inside jets. The inclusive b-jet cross-section is measured as a function of transverse momentum in the range 20 < pT < 400 GeV and rapidity in the range |y| < 2.1. The bbbar-dijet cross-section is measured as a function of the dijet invariant mass in the range 110 < m_jj < 760 GeV, the azimuthal angle difference between the two jets and the angular variable chi in two dijet mass regions. The results are compared with next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. Good agreement is observed between the measured cross-sections and the predictions obtained using POWHEG + Pythia. MC@NLO + Herwig shows good agreement with the measured bbbar-dijet cross-section. However, it does not reproduce the measured inclusive cross-section well, particularly for central b-jets with large transverse momenta.Comment: 10 pages plus author list (21 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version published in European Physical Journal

Observation of associated near-side and away-side long-range correlations in √sNN=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle (Δϕ) and pseudorapidity (Δη) are measured in √sNN=5.02  TeV p+Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1  μb-1 of data as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse energy (ΣETPb) summed over 3.1<η<4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2<|Δη|<5) “near-side” (Δϕ∼0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing ΣETPb. A long-range “away-side” (Δϕ∼π) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small ΣETPb, is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Δη and Δϕ) and ΣETPb dependence. The resultant Δϕ correlation is approximately symmetric about π/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos⁡2Δϕ modulation for all ΣETPb ranges and particle pT

Search for R-parity-violating supersymmetry in events with four or more leptons in sqrt(s) =7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for new phenomena in final states with four or more leptons (electrons or muons) is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of $\sqrt{s}=7\;\mathrm{TeV}$ proton-proton collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in two signal regions: one that requires moderate values of missing transverse momentum and another that requires large effective mass. The results are interpreted in a simplified model of R-parity-violating supersymmetry in which a 95% CL exclusion region is set for charged wino masses up to 540 GeV. In an R-parity-violating MSUGRA/CMSSM model, values of m 1/2 up to 820 GeV are excluded for 10 < tan β < 40

Study of hadronic event-shape variables in multijet final states in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

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Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-producing tumor originating from neuroendocrine cells located in the adrenal medulla. 85% is located in the adrenal medulla and the rest in the extra-adrenal chromaffin tissue (paraganglioma). It is one of the most frequent causes of secondary arterial hypertension. It is found in 0.1 to 1% of hypertensive patients of any age, with a peak from puberty to 40 years of age. In 85% of cases, they are single tumors without a family pattern. However, they can be multiple and familiar. The most frequent location is in the abdomen (95%). PRESENTATION OF THE CASE. A 51-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and a former smoker. Medicated with Losartan 50mg, Carvedilol 12.5mg and Terazocine 5mg. Patient who consulted due to intense holocranial headache of 8 months of evolution associated with palpitations. On physical examination: BMI: 29.49 kg/m2, blood pressure 260/120 mmHg, HR 77 bpm, hyperphonetic heart sounds, no murmurs, good distal perfusion. The Electrocardiogram was normal. The laboratory evidenced: Plasma adrenaline: 14 pgr/ml (NV: 0-100 pgr/ml), plasma noradrenaline 410 pgr/ml (NV: 70-700 pgr/ml), plasma dopamine 121 pgr/ml (NV: 0-50 pgr/ml), urinary metanephrines: 33 µgr/24 h (NV: 44-261 µgr/24 hours), urinary normetanephrine 572 µgr/24 h (103-521 µgr/24 hours), vanillin mandelic acid 8.8 mgr/24 h (NV: 2.3-5.1 mgr/24 hours), urinary epinephrine 5.1 µgr/24 h (NV: 0.9-20 µgr/24 hours), urinary norepinephrine 162.2 µgr/24 h (NV: 15-80 µgr/24 hours) and urinary dopamine 238 µg/24 h (NV: 65-400 µg/24 hours). Interpreting itself as a producer of norepinephrine. Abdominal tomography with contrast showed a nodular image in the right adrenal gland of 49 x 49 x 33 mm, compatible with pheochromocytoma. Surgical treatment was performed whose biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Subsequently, the doses of antihypertensive drugs were decreased. The diagnosis of pheochromocytoma requires a high clinical suspicion, catecholamine dosage and abdominal tomography. Surgical removal is essential, as it is one of the few forms of potentially curable hypertension (0.2%).El feocromocitoma es un tumor productor de catecolaminas originado en las células neuroendocrinas ubicadas en la medula suprarrenal. El 85% se localiza en la medula adrenal y el resto en el tejido cromafín extra adrenal (Paraganglioma). Es una de las causas más frecuente de hipertensión arterial secundaria. Se halla en el 0,1 a 1% de los hipertensos de cualquier edad, con un pico desde la pubertad hasta los 40 años. En el 85% de los casos son tumores únicos sin un patrón familiar. Sin embargo, pueden ser múltiples y familiares. La localización más frecuente es en abdomen (95%). PRESENTACION DEL CASO. Paciente masculino de 51 años, con antecedentes de HTA, hiperplasia benigna de próstata y ex tabaquista. Medicado con Losartan 50 mg, Carvedilol 12,5 mg y terazocina 5mg. Paciente que consultó por cefalea holocreaneana intensa de 8 meses de evolución asociada a palpitaciones. Al examen físico:&nbsp; IMC: 29,49 kg/m2, tensión arterial 260/120 mmHg, FC 77 lpm, ruidos cardíacos hiperfonéticos, sin soplos, buena perfusión distal. El Electrocardiograma fue normal. El laboratorio evidenció: Adrenalina plasmática: 14 pgr/ml (VN: 0-100 pgr/ml), noradrenalina plasmática 410 pgr/ml (VN: 70-700 pgr/ml), dopamina plasmática 121 pgr/ml (VN: 0-50 pgr/ml), metanefrinas urinarias: 33 µgr/24 hs (VN: 44-261 µgr/24 hs), normetanefrina urinaria 572 µgr/24 hs (103-521 µgr/24 hs), ácido vainillin mandélico 8.8 mgr/24 hs (VN: 2.3-5.1 mgr/24 hs), adrenalina urinaria 5.1 µgr/24 hs (VN: 0.9-20 µgr/24 hs), noradrenalina urinaria 162.2 µgr/24 hs (VN: 15-80 µgr/24 hs) y dopamina urinaria 238 µgr/24 hs (VN: 65-400 µgr/24 hs) . Interpretándose como productor de noradrenalina. La Tomografía de abdomen con contraste evidencio una imagen nodular en la glándula suprarrenal derecha de 49 x 49 x 33 mm, compatible con feocromocitoma. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico cuya biopsia confirmo el diagnóstico. Posteriormente, se disminuyeron las dosis de las drogas antihipertensivas. El diagnóstico del feocromocitoma requiere una alta sospecha clínica, el dosaje de catecolaminas y la tomografía de abdomen. La extirpación quirúrgica es fundamental, ya que constituye una de las pocas formas de hipertensión arterial potencialmente curables (0.2 %).

Constraints on parton distribution functions and extraction of the strong coupling constant from the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

Do teachers have more health problems? Results from a French cross-sectional survey

BACKGROUND: Although only a few studies have been published on teachers' health, certain ideas are widely accepted, such as for example, the preconceived notion that teachers suffer from an excessively high rate of mental health problems. The objective of this study is to compare teachers' mental and physical health to that of a control group. METHODS: A cross-sectional postal survey was conducted among a sample of 3,679 teachers and 1,817 non-teachers aged 20 to 60 years old. RESULTS: No lifetime prevalence of any psychiatric disorder (with the exception of undifferentiated somatoform disorder in men) or mean scores of psychological distress were found to be significantly higher in teachers. However, multiple analyses, adjusted for all confounding variables, revealed a higher risk of lifetime anxiety disorders in male teachers. On the other hand, significant differences were observed for some physical ailments: a higher lifetime prevalence of rhinopharyngitis/laryngitis in both male and female teachers, of conjunctivitis and lower urinary tract infection in male teachers and of bronchitis, eczema/dermatitis and varicose veins in female teachers. No significant difference was found for chronic pain between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Teachers do not seem to have poorer mental health. However, their physical condition is characterized by a higher prevalence of health problems related to the ENT tract, and to a lesser extent, depending on the gender, to skin, eyes, legs and lower urinary tract

Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Background Neurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders. Methods We estimated prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]) by age and sex for 15 neurological disorder categories (tetanus, meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, brain and other CNS cancers, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron diseases, idiopathic epilepsy, migraine, tension-type headache, and a residual category for other less common neurological disorders) in 195 countries from 1990 to 2016. DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, was the main method of estimation of prevalence and incidence, and the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) was used for mortality estimation. We quantified the contribution of 84 risks and combinations of risk to the disease estimates for the 15 neurological disorder categories using the GBD comparative risk assessment approach. Findings Globally, in 2016, neurological disorders were the leading cause of DALYs (276 million [95% UI 247–308]) and second leading cause of deaths (9·0 million [8·8–9·4]). The absolute number of deaths and DALYs from all neurological disorders combined increased (deaths by 39% [34–44] and DALYs by 15% [9–21]) whereas their age-standardised rates decreased (deaths by 28% [26–30] and DALYs by 27% [24–31]) between 1990 and 2016. The only neurological disorders that had a decrease in rates and absolute numbers of deaths and DALYs were tetanus, meningitis, and encephalitis. The four largest contributors of neurological DALYs were stroke (42·2% [38·6–46·1]), migraine (16·3% [11·7–20·8]), Alzheimer's and other dementias (10·4% [9·0–12·1]), and meningitis (7·9% [6·6–10·4]). For the combined neurological disorders, age-standardised DALY rates were significantly higher in males than in females (male-to-female ratio 1·12 [1·05–1·20]), but migraine, multiple sclerosis, and tension-type headache were more common and caused more burden in females, with male-to-female ratios of less than 0·7. The 84 risks quantified in GBD explain less than 10% of neurological disorder DALY burdens, except stroke, for which 88·8% (86·5–90·9) of DALYs are attributable to risk factors, and to a lesser extent Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (22·3% [11·8–35·1] of DALYs are risk attributable) and idiopathic epilepsy (14·1% [10·8–17·5] of DALYs are risk attributable). Interpretation Globally, the burden of neurological disorders, as measured by the absolute number of DALYs, continues to increase. As populations are growing and ageing, and the prevalence of major disabling neurological disorders steeply increases with age, governments will face increasing demand for treatment, rehabilitation, and support services for neurological disorders. The scarcity of established modifiable risks for most of the neurological burden demonstrates that new knowledge is required to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies