Correlation Of Change Communication Factorswith Perceived Success Of Change Initiatives In A Selected Organization

Everybody is aware of the fact that today, everything (almost everything) is changing and the only constant is change itself. Regardless of who we are – students, workers, stakeholders, shareholders and so forth, we are all subjected to various types of changes in our lives. In other words, change is a part of our life. Change has intrigued, scared, excited, and mystified man for many centuries and continues to challenge individuals from all walks of life, yet it is inevitable and has become the very nucleus of human life (Szamosi & Duxbury, 2002). Correspondingly, the ter

Cabaran atasi kepelbagaian

Ada tiga istilah menarik yang membuahkan bualan berlanjutan berikutan "Seminar Gagasan Satu malaysia: Kesinambungan Satu Perjuangan" di Kuala Terengganu Ahad lalu. Tiga istilah itu ialah 'kecacamarbaan,' 'kepelbagaian' dan 'keterpinggiran'

Emergence of multiple seedlings from seed of Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae).

Polyembryony is the formation of multiple embryos in a single seed. It was reported to occur in Garcinia mangostana through sporophytic adventitious embryony. This paper reports new insight of multiple shoot formation on seed of G. mangostana and a different finding compare to previous studies. A germination study was carried out during the July to August mangosteen fruiting season at University Agriculture Park, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Ten trees were randomly selected and 20 fruits samples were collected. From each fruit, only the biggest seed was used. Seed was disinfected using benomyl and sown on sterilized sand. Flower buds and flowers were also collected. Histological studies were carried out following the TBA series and dyed with Fast Green and Safranin O. For scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, samples were fixed in 70% formalin acetic acid and dehydrated using critical point dryer. Samples were mounted on aluminum stubs and finally coated twice with gold for two minutes. The percentage of seed germination was 47% and from that 11% of seeds were with multiple shoots. The morphology of the mangosteen seed was made of hypocotyl with two long strips of vascular bundle. From the histology and SEM, it was shown that shoot and root arises from the end of the vascular bundle. It was also observed that in some instance there were two ovules per locule that further developed into hypocotyls. The hypocotyls carrying their own vascular bundles will unite and enclosed by a single testa and form the “seed”. From each hypocotyl single shoot will emerged. When there are two to three hypocotyls united, two to three shoot will emerged thus displaying multiple shoots per seed. This study concluded that the term polyembryony is not suitable because there was only a single embryo per hypocotyl

DESIGN OPTIMISATION OF AN UNMANNED UNDERWATER VEHICLE

The results of fluid flow simulation around an unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) are presented in this paper. The UUV represents a small submarine for underwater search and rescue operation, which suits the local river conditions. The flow simulation was performed with a commercially available computational fluid dynamics package, Star-CD. The effects of the UUV geometry on the velocity and pressure distributions on the UUV surface were discussed for Re=500,000 and 3,000,000. The discussion led to an improved design of the UUV with a smoother velocity profile around the UUV body

Polymerase chain reaction detection of Pasteurellamultocida type B in mice following oral inoculation with the bacteria

Pasteurella multocida type B is an etiological agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia in cattle and buffaloes. The disease is commonly fatal and considered as one of the most economically important cattle disease in Southeast Asia including Malaysia. This study described the detection of P. Multocida type B using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) from the organs of the mice inoculated orally with the bacteria. In this study, 16 male and healthy mice aged 3-weeks were selected; they were divided into two equal groups of 8 mice each. Mice in group 1 were inoculated orally with 109 CFU of P. multocida type B, while the mice from group 2 were inoculated orally with PBS, pH 7. The mice were observed for 5 days (120 hours). Post-mortem was conducted on mice which died within 5 days of the experimental period and organs such as heart, lung liver, spleen, stomach, small intestine and large intestine were collected and subjected to isolation and identification of the bacteria on blood agar. The organs collected from the mice showed positive results using PCR which detected P. multocida type B. On the contrary, P. multocida type B was not isolated from the organs of the surviving mice which were culled at the end of the experiment

Clinical response and pathological changes associated with Pasteurella multocida type B infection through oral route inoculation in mice

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is caused by Pasteurella multocida type B in Asia (P. multocida type B). It is an important cattle and buffalo disease in Malaysia as well as other Southeast Asian countries due to its nature of acute and highly fatal disease which have an economic impact on the affected countries. This study describes the clinical signs and histopathological changes in mice following oral route inoculation with P. multocida type B. In this study, sixteen mice were selected and divided into two groups of 8 mice each. Mice in group 2 were inoculated with 1.0 mL 109CFU/mL P. multocida type B orally while group 1 with PBS orally. The entire challenged group showed significant clinical signs (P<0.05) where ruffled fur, laboured breathing, less responsive and dullness together with eye discharge were observed. Six out of 8 mice died between 24 to 50 hours post-inoculation. Histopathological lesions observed include haemorrhage, congestion, degeneration and necrosis and infiltration by the inflammatory cells in the lungs, kidney, heart, liver and small intestine. The study showed that experimental P. multocida infection in mice caused oedema the lungs and infiltration of numerous Kupffer cells in the liver

Ethiopathogenesis of caseous lymphadenitis in a mice model

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a facultative, gram-positive intracellular small club-shaped rod which produces lesions similar to those of tuberculosis. It is known worldwide to cause caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in sheep and goats. Caseous lymphadenitis is characterized by abscess formation in lymph nodes and/or visceral organs. Recent outbreak of CLA in Taman Pertanian University (TPU) farm, UPM reported that the CLA lesions were also found in the visceral organs. In the present investigation attempts were made to study the ethiopathogenesis of CLA in mice models which involved comparing the clinical signs, haemogram and biochemistry, and histopathological changes in visceral organs between the diseased and non diseased group. As an overall summary of this project, CLA in mice resulted in clinical signs such as huddling together, dejection, anorexia, pasty feces and accompanied by rapid and shallow respiration pattern. The haemogram and serum biochemistry profile showed significant (p<0.05) differences in the mean values between the diseased group and non-diseased group which include lymphocyte, plasma protein, monocyte, eosinophil, total bilirubin, total protein and potassium. Lastly, the most pronounced histopathological changes in the visceral organs were septicemia with severe congestion and increased vascularization together with the presence of capsulated abscess, micro-abscesses formation, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, tubercule granulomas, necrosis and early signs of degeneration in majority of the infected mice

Reproductive pathological changes in mice associated with Brucella melitensis and its lipopolysaccharides

Brucella melitensis is the gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that cause brucellosis in goats. Brucellosis causes abortion in wild and domestic animals resulting in enormous financial losses. There is still lack of knowledge of host cell response towards the immunogen of Brucella melitensis and the response of mice towards the LPS immunogen. In this experiment 3 groups of male mice were used and each group was inoculated with 1 mL PBS (pH 7), 1 × 109 Brucella melitensis and 1 mL lipopolysaccharides from 109 colonies of Brucella melitensis intraperitoneally to examine the clinical signs like mobility, eye discharge, closed eyes, ruffled hair and responsiveness exhibited in the mice. All 3 groups of mice that were inoculated with immunogens were observed for histopathological changes in the male reproductive organs like testes, vas deferens and seminal vesicle. The duration of observation was 5 days. After the fifth day all the mice that were still alive were euthanised by cervical dislocation and the histopathology lesions examined. Mice that were inoculated with the Brucella melitensis showed severe clinical signs. Mice infected with Brucella melitensis started to die from sixth hour post-inoculation. For the LPS group, the mice showed less movement beginning at 2 hours post-inoculation but became normal again after 5 hours post-inoculation. The control group exhibited normal clinical signs. Histopathology results showed mice inoculated with Brucella melitensis had moderate to severe atrophy of the spermatocytes of the testes and degenerative necrosis of the pseudostratified epithelium of vas deferens, while mice that were inoculated with LPS showed mild to moderate atrophy of the spermatocytes of the testes and moderate to severe degenerative necrosis of the pseudostratified epithelium of vas deferens

Acute phase protein profiles in calves following infection with whole cell, lipopolysaccharides, and outer membrane protein extracted from Pasteurella multocida type B:2

Acute Phase Protein (APP) investigations of serum or plasma following natural or experimental infection frequently reveal substantial alterations in the APPs, several of which are of veterinary importance in the assessment of herd health. The present study of the experimental nature was conducted to evaluate the acute phase protein responses; haptoglobin, Serum Amyloid A (SAA) and serum albumin in relation to infection with Pasteurella multocida type B and its immunogens; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Outer Membrane Protein (OMP) in calves. Eight clinically healthy, non-pregnant and non-lactating Brangus cross calves weighing 150±50 kg were used in this study. The calves (n = 8) were divided into 4 groups of 2 calves in each group. The control group was inoculated with sterile Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) whereas group 2 were inoculated with wild-type P. multocida type B:2 and group 3 and 4 were inoculated with LPS and OMP respectively. Blood samples were collected via jugular vein-puncture at 3 h intervals for APPs analysis. APPs were quantified by commercially available ELISA methods. Moribund animals were euthanized while the surviving animals were killed after 48 h. The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences (p0.05) with mean levels of 32.677±1.556 and 36.185±2.239 U L-1, respectively. While P. multocida group (22.193±2.727 U L-1) showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05) than the negative control group (34.233±6.900 U L-1). In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that APPs; SAA and haptoglobin are sensitive biomarkers to explore host response in relation to Haemorrhagic Septicaemia infections in clinical settings