Typology: Pros and Cons in Biblical Hermeneutics and Leterary Criticism (from Leonhard Goppelt to Northrop Frye)

Panorama de teorías de la tipología bíblica o figuralismo en el siglo xx, en los campos de la hermenéutica bíblica y de los etudios literarios. Estudia los orígenes de la cuestión en la controversia Goppelt-Bultmann, y recapitula las posturas de exegetas como Danielou y De Lubac, Von Rad y sus críticos, Dentan, Markus y Lampe, y los enfoques más creativos de Baker y Cahill; por último muestra la aportación de críticos literarios como Auerbach, Charity, Ohly, Galdon y Frye. This essay is a survey of various theories of biblical typology (figuralism) in 20th century biblical hermeneutics and literary criticism. It discusses the origins of the issue in the Goppelt-Bultmann controversy, and rehearses the positions of biblical scholars, such as Danielou and De Lubac, Von Rad and his critics, Dentan, Markus and Lampe, the more creative approaches of Baker and Cahill, as well as those of literary critics: Auerbach, Charity, Ohly, Galdon and Frye

Negative-coupling resonances in pump-coupled lasers

We consider coupled lasers, where the intensity deviations from the steady state, modulate the pump of the other lasers. Most of our results are for two lasers where the coupling constants are of opposite sign. This leads to a Hopf bifurcation to periodic output for weak coupling. As the magnitude of the coupling constants is increased (negatively) we observe novel amplitude effects such as a weak coupling resonance peak and, strong coupling subharmonic resonances and chaos. In the weak coupling regime the output is predicted by a set of slow evolution amplitude equations. Pulsating solutions in the strong coupling limit are described by discrete map derived from the original model.Comment: 29 pages with 8 figures Physica D, in pres

The literal sense and the sensus plenior revisited

In the first part, the author provides a historical survey of the idea of the literal sense of Scripture up to the period of the Reformation. Theological interpretation was assumed to be the strongest when it rested on the literal sense: The School of Antioch, Hugh of St Victor or Nicholas of Lyra stressed the significance of the sensus literalis against the dominant allegorical tendencies in the Middle Ages. These Christian scholars have learnt much from the idea of peshat in Jewish exegesis. Luther also stressed the significance of the literal sense and with regard to the Old Testament his concern was to explore the sensus literalis propheticus. Some of the Reformers like Flacius or Perkins consciously adopted the term „scope" by which the literal sense was to be disclosed. The Reformers were interested in the scope of the text and not in the scope of the author, nor in the historical reference. The literal sense has gone through some distortions in the centuries following the Reformation. On the populist level it has degenerated into literalism or fundamentalism. The attitude of seeking the criterion of the „truth" of texts in the external events are probably due to what Northrop Frye calls the „descriptive-demotic" phase of language. A distortion of the literal sense has taken place also in high criticism. As Brevard Childs has shown the sensus literalis became identified with the sensus historicus or sensus originalis. The consequence of this attempt was to remove all the interpretative layers of Scripture in order to arrive at the original, authentic meaning. The third part of the paper is concerned with the idea of recovering the integrity of the literal sense. Some models are offered to achieve this, like the notion of the canonical context, the rediscovery of the „scope", a recognition of the sensus plenior of Scripture and fourthly, the literary-critical model of the literal meaning as being presented in the works of Northrop Frye

Literature and emblems new aspects in Shakespeare-studies

A dolgozat egyrészt informativ bevezetést kiván nyujtani a magyarországi anglisztikában még kevésbé ismert ku- . tatási terület lehetőségeiről; másrészt az emblematika egy sajátos teoretikus összefüggésrendszerét kisérli meg felvázolni. . Az első rész /A nyelv és képalkotás/ a költői nyelv sajátosságainak tárgyalásától /N. Frye( jut el a metafóra és a képalkotás elemzéséig /Spurgeon, Wheelright, Berry/. A következő rész /A kép és ikonológia/ részletesen foglalkozik az "ut pictura poesis" elvvel, a reneszánsz hieroglifikával és.ikonológiával, valamint kiféjti az embléma elméleti problémáit a modern amerikai /Lewalski/ és kanadai /Daly/ kutatások alapján. A tanulmány záró fejezetének /Jelentés és hermeneutika/ ' gondolatmenete szerint az embléma és a költői kép értelmezése ("egzegézise"/ végeredményben egy jelentésfeltáró hermeneutikai müvelet /Gadamer, Hirsch/, s mint ilyen, várhatóan uj összefüggésekre is rávilágithat a Shakespeare-filológiában