EVALUASI BERAT RELATIF ORGAN GIZZARD, USUS HALUS DAN HATI PADA BROILER

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berat relatif organ gizzard, usus halus dan hati pada broiler di Rumah Pemotongan Ayam Era Cipta 2, Lamongan. Penelitian ini menggunakan broiler dengan strain manggis dan berjumlah 30 ekor dengan bobot antara 1,68 – 2,52 kg. Pemeliharaan Broiler dilakukan dengan sistem kandang terbuka (open housed) yang dipanen pada umur 34 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian observasi dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan dan pencatatan terhadap keadaan objek yang diteliti. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan membandingkan berat relatif organ gizzard, usus halus dan hati broiler hasil penelitian dengan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot hidup 30 ekor Broiler memiliki rata-rata sebesar 2,06 kg. Sedangkan persentase berat relatif organ Broiler secara berurutan yaitu gizzard, usus halus dan hati memiliki nilai rata-rata 5,65 %; 1,93 % dan 1,56 %. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah bahwa rataan berat relative organ gizzard, usus halus dan hati pada broiler di Rumah Pemotongan Ayam Era Cipta 2 menunjukkan rataan yang sesuai dengan rataan berat relative organ yang normal, yang diperoleh dari berbagai sumber literatur

Customer Satisfaction: A Comparative Study Between Government and Private Hospital

This study was conducted to investigate the level satisfaction of the outpatients in two different types of hospitals. The level of satisfaction is measured by the gap between expectation and perception of outpatients towards service quality of health care service provider. This comparative study was between government hospital and private hospitals in Ipoh, Perak. The adapted of SERVQUAL instrument was used in this study. The analysis was carried out by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The numbers of respondents that involves in the research was 164 respondents that represented about 42.6 % of the sample population. Overall, 48 % of the respondents were satisfied with quality of services provided by the private hospital. Meanwhile 44 %, of respondents were satisfied with the services provided by the government hospital. Specifically; Service Delivery and Service Environment have positive relationship with Service Quality of the outpatients' satisfaction. However continuous improvement is needed especially in the area such as waiting time at the registration counter and long waiting time to received treatment and consultation. This improvement is for betterment of the service quality provided by both types of hospitals

Experiencing male infertility: A review of the qualitative research literature

This article examines the qualitative research literature that exists in relation to men’s experiences of male infertility. Since men have often been marginalized in the realm of reproduction, including academic research on infertility, it is important to focus on any qualitative research that gives voices to male perspectives and concerns. Given the distress documented by studies of infertile women, we focus in particular on the emotive responses and lived experiences of men in relation to infertility. In this article then, we present an analysis of the core themes across 19 qualitative articles, which include “infertility as crisis”; “emoting infertility- men as “being strong”’ “infertility as a source of stigma”; and the “desire for fatherhood.” In light of these insights, we identify key areas for future research and development including men’s emotional responses to infertility, how men seek support for infertility, the intersection between masculinity and infertility, the relationship between the desire to father and infertility, and the outcomes of infertility for men in terms of other aspects of their lives. We suggest that such research would facilitate making the experiences of men more central within our understandings of infertility within a field that has primarily been female focused

Constitutional Implications on Block Pricing in the California Water Market

Due to the severity of the recent drought, those residing in California have realized the devastating effects of climate change. As California continues to experience amplified weather conditions and diminished water supply, the state must adapt to drought conditions and mitigate the impacts of droughts. In order to do so, municipal water pricing mechanisms that send price signals to consumers to conserve water should be enforced to ensure the longevity of California\u27s water supply. In particular, increasing block-pricing structures are a favorable market-based solution that disincentivizes heavy water consumption while allowing essential water use to remain affordable. The California Constitution limits conservation water pricing to the at-cost requirement where municipalities must prove that rates reflect the actual cost of service. This Note looks at the constitutional and judicial limitations on municipal block-pricing structures in light of the recent Fourth District Court of Appeals decision, Capistrano Taxpayers Association, Inc. v. City of San Juan Capistrano, and concludes that the case casts constitutional doubt on tiered price structures because the opinion: (1) embarked on a lengthy and unnecessary discussion on the nexus of Proposition 218 and Article X, section 2 of the California Constitution; (2) relies on incomparable precedent in analyzing conservation prices and the at-cost requirement; (3) inconsistently uses the term true cost; (4) fundamentally fails to understand the nature and scope of the duties of water service providers; and (5) did not limit its discussion of penalty rates to the facts of the case. Despite these shortcomings, block water pricing structures remain constitutional so long as the municipality proves this at-cost requirement at each corresponding level of usage. This Note looks at Capistrano\u27s implications on municipal block-pricing structures, and explains how municipalities can continue to implement these pricing mechanisms within the judicial limitations set forth in Capistrano

PIETY ON CONTESTATION

This article studied the phenomenon of contestation between orang Sunnah and orang Yasin in Sidodadi, Aceh Tamiang, to gain the recognition of being the most pious Muslim adherent. The research zoomed in on exploring the shape of the contestation and the socio-religious changes that may occur due to the existence of the mentioned contest. The researchers interviewed a dozens of informant, observed their religious practices and the strategy that they launch to propagate their belief and recruit new members. The study showed that the contestation between the two community take place in almost all religious practices. Some of the worth mentions are ritual practices, broadening and enhancing the religiosity of respective community members, or the approach they used in approaching Islam. Apart from that, the contestation between these two groups also triggered the negotiation and reconciliation of Islamic practices of both groups. The reconciliation of religious practice is in accordance with the "culture in between " theory as proposed by Homi K Bhabha in which he believes that truly there are always no clear boundaries between two groups of different credentials. In Sidodadi, the credentials difference of each group to actualize the ideal of Islam in managing the house of God for instance, triggers the struggle of both groups for the control of the mosques and mushollas in one hand, and in other hand it brings out the empathy of each community to revive the religious activities in worship places, though adapted with the credential feature of their respective groups. Keywords: Piety, Orang Sunnah, Orang Yasin, Aceh Tamian

ANALISIS KONSEP AF’AL ALLAH DAN AF’AL AL-‘IBAD DALAM PENGURUSAN BENCANA WABAK COVID-19 MENURUT PERSPEKTIF AHLI SUNNAH WAL JAMAAH

Penularan wabak COVID-19 atau SARS-CoV-2 iaitu penyakit yang menyerang sistem pernafasan baru-baru ini mencetuskan fenomena panik di peringkat global. Pada 11 Mac 2020 Kesatuan Kesihatan Dunia (World Health Organization atau WHO) telah mengumumkan penularan wabak ini sebagai satu pandemik yang memerlukan tindakan drastik di serata dunia. Pandemik ini telah mencetuskan pelbagai respon masyarakat di samping persoalan khususnya dalam soal perbuatan Tuhan. Lebih-lebih lagi kluster penularan wabak ini di Malaysia (setakat penulisan ini) yang terbesar ialah daripada kluster yang bersangkutan dengan agama Islam. Justeru penulisan berbentuk konseptual ini akan menganalisis pandangan mazhab Ahlu Sunnah wal Jamaah dalam soal af’al Allah dan af’al al-‘ibad dalam konteks penularan wabak ini bagi memberi gambaran sikap yang sepatutnya dipamerkan dalam menghadapi bencana ini. Metodologi yang digunapakai dalam kajian ini ialah kualitatif dengan reka bentuk analisis dokumen yang terdiri daripada karya-karya utama akidah Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah. Kajian mendapati akidah Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah berpegang dengan pendapat yang sederhana iaitu walaupun wabak ini ialah ketentuan dari Allah SWT, ia tidak menafikan peranan dan usaha manusia sebagai makhluk yang diberikan ikhtiar dalam menghadapi pandemik ini

Dissection and Dynamics of the Salary: The Case of Bangladeshi Private Tutors

The demand side of private supplementary tutoring has been and is being researched rigorously while the supply side of this globally spreading phenomenon is remaining unobserved comparatively. This paper attempts to unveil the factors lying behind the determination of wage or salary of the tutors agreed to be given by the households. A set of university students who provide private tuition were surveyed. The findings reveal that the type of institution of the tutees makes an immense influence on the salary of the tutors. If the tutees are students of such academic institutions where the medium of instruction is English, giving tuition to them in private, tutors are more likely to get a salary above the market average rate of that. Transportation cost is the other feature contributing to the increased likelihood of getting the above-average salary. Academic background of the tutors, devoted hours to tuition and the minimum level of expected salary have no vital control over manipulating the salary of the tutors. This paper, in another way, establishes the fact that affluent households spend more money on private tutoring than their counterparts. Keywords: Private Supplementary Tutoring, Shadow Education, Salary, English Medium, Private Tutor

Improved Incomes of Leather Goods Traders Union (LGTU) Through Shoes Making Activities: A Case of Ilala Municipality, Dar Es Salaam Region.

This report presents a needs assessment and project implementation plan aimed at improving the income of youth engaged in shoe-making activities within the Leather Goods Traders Union (LGTU) in Ilala District, Tanzania. It begins with a detailed community profile illustrating the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the youth, emphasizing their aspirations for entrepreneurship despite challenges such as limited access to capital, training, and market opportunities. The report outlines specific objectives of the Community Needs Assessment (CNA) to identify income-generating activities, ascertain the major needs of the youth, and explore potential interventions. Utilizing a participatory research methodology, data were collected through focus group discussions, interviews, and questionnaires. Findings revealed key barriers including inadequate access to education and financial services. The report details the proposed shoe-making project, highlighting its objectives, stakeholder roles, budget, and the importance of participatory monitoring and evaluation for sustainability. Ultimately, the initiative aims to enhance the livelihoods of youth by providing vocational training, improving access to resources, and fostering community collaboration, thereby contributing to broader economic development goals.The generally, the shoe-making project demonstrated the importance of participatory assessments, which identified youth needs and shaped the intervention, aligning with local market demands and skills. A phased implementation approach ensured effective progress tracking, while a robust literature review informed best practices and policy alignment. Participatory monitoring and evaluation enhanced responsiveness, and a focus on financial planning supported sustainability. The project faced challenges, such as fluctuating raw material costs, but empowered youth and improved local incomes, showcasing its potential for long-term impact. It was recommended prioritizing community involvement, phased planning, integrating qualitative and quantitative research, forming local partnerships, and fostering ongoing skill development to ensure project scalability and adaptability. Keywords:Income, Leather Goods, Traders Union (LGTU), Shoes making activities