Carbon nanotubes and silver flakes filled epoxy resin for new hybrid conductive adhesives

Combining conductive micro and nanofillers is a new way to improve electrical conductivity. Micrometric silver flakes and nanometric carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit high electrical conductivity. A new type of hybrid conductive adhesives filled with silver flakes and carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs or MWCNTs) were investigated. High electrical conductivity is measured as well as improved mechanical properties at room temperature. Small agglomerates and free MWCNTs dispersed in the silver/epoxy composites improve the electrical conductivity and a synergistic effect between MWCNTs and micro sized silver flakes is observed in hybrid composites. Glassy and rubbery storage moduli of the hybrid composites increase with increasing silver loading at fixed CNTs volume fraction. High value of the storage modulus, measured in DWCNTs/μAg hybrid composites at rubbery state, is caused by strong agglomeration of DWCNTs bundles. The electrical and mechanical properties are consistent with the morphologies of the hybrid composites characterized by SEM

Microstructure and properties degradation of P/T 91, 92 steels weldments in creep conditions

The studies were performed on dissimilar ferritic/austenitic weldments between 9Cr tempered martensitic steels of the grades either P/T 91 or 92 and unstabilised AISI316H austenitic steel. The welded joints were fabricated using the fusion welding by tungsten inert gas (TIG) method with Ni-based filler metal. Microstructural analyses were performed using light and electron microscopy. Microstructural gradient in heat-affected zone (HAZ) of 9Cr steels remained preserved during creep exposure. All weldments fractured by the type IV failure within their intercritical HAZ (ICHAZ) regions. The most remarkable microstructural change during creep was the precipitation of intermetallic Laves phase. Experimentally determined phases of the samples after creep exposure are in good agreement with equilibrium thermodynamic calculations

Amy Trubek, The Taste of Place: A Cultural Journey into Terroir

Review of The Taste of Place: A Cultural Journey into Terroir, by Amy Trube

IZVORI OPASNOSTI I ZAŠTITA NA RADU U POLJOPRIVREDNOJ PROIZVODNJI

Kao u svim ostalim područjima, tako i u poljoprivredi, potrebno je zaštititi zdravlje radnika. Najviše pozornosti bi trebalo posvetiti edukaciji zaposlenika u poljoprivrednom sektoru, radi velikog broja ozljeda do kojih dolazi radi nestručnog rukovanja poljoprivrednim alatima, strojevima, oruđem, stokom i opasnim tvarima koje se koriste u poljoprivredi. Broj ozljeda koje se događaju u privatnim kućanstvima nije moguće ni približno utvrditi jer ne postoji obveza prijavljivanja tih ozljeda nadležnim institucijama i tijelima državne uprave, ali broj tih ozljeda možemo umanjiti ili prevenirati koristeći odgovarajuću zaštitnu opremu. Promjene koje je donio ubrzani tehničko-tehnološki razvoj obilježene su visokim stupnjem automatizacije, i time su promijenile sadržaj i uvjete rada te stvorile nove opasnosti, rizike i oblike ugrožavanja, a da bi se zaposlenici zaštitili trebamo primijeniti nove pristupe i mjere u sustavu osiguravanja zdravlja i zaštite istog na rad

Étude expérimentale du comportement d'un éjecteur supersonique faisant intervenir un écoulement monophasique du R134a

L’un des systèmes les plus couramment employés pour la valorisation et la récupération des fuites énergétiques consiste à utiliser des systèmes frigorigènes à éjection. Le dispositif principal de ce type de systèmes, l’éjecteur, est activé à travers un système à régénération d’énergie thermique en employant un fluide caloporteur au sein d’un circuit thermohydraulique relativement simple. Dans ce travail, nous présentons des données expérimentales obtenues en utilisant du Fréon et un seul type d’éjecteur. Nous avons étudié les variations du facteur d’entrainement pour cinq différentes conditions de pressions du fluide primaire, en fonction de la variation de la pression du mélange à la décharge. Pour l’ensemble des expériences, nous avons constaté une très forte ressemblance du comportement du facteur d’entrainement. Pour les données « hors-conception », l’analyse de la totalité des données montre clairement l’existence systématique d’un deuxième point critique à la décharge correspondant à chaque condition de pression à l’entrée du fluide primaire. De plus, nos résultats expérimentaux ont été comparés avec ceux obtenus par d’autres chercheurs. Dans tous les cas, nous avons observé, une transition importante du comportement du fluide autour d’une deuxième condition critique. L’existence de ce changement peut affecter de manière non négligeable le comportement ainsi que le rendement des éjecteurs opérant dans des conditions « sur-conception ». Nous avons approché également nos données expérimentales avec un modèle analytique unidimensionnel puisé dans la littérature. Les prédictions du modèle ont fait appel aux propriétés thermophysiques du fluide de travail dont nous avons fait l’utilisation en respect des conditions d’opération du banc d’essais, le Fréon R134a.----------Abstract Nowadays, ejector systems are used to recover heat from relatively low thermal potential sources by using appropriate working fluids in closed thermal-hydraulic loops. The main device of this type of system, the ejector, is driven by a thermal energy regeneration arrangement by using a heat transfer fluid within a relatively simple thermohydraulic circuit. In this work, experimental data collected by using a single ejector type and Freon 134a are presented. The variation of the entrainment ratio as a function of the discharge pressure is studied in detail. It is observed that within offdesign conditions, there is a systematic occurrence of a second critical point which seems to repeat along the entire range of primary inlet flow pressure tested. Since this behavior could affect ondesign operation conditions, this document emphasises this experimental fact. To this aim, actual data are also compared with similar ones given in the open literature, as well as with the predictions of a 1D thermodynamic model. Then, we compare our experimental data with the predictions of a one-dimensional analytical model utilizing the thermophysical properties of the working fluid we have used in accordance with the operating conditions of the test facility, namely Freon R134

Scaling up "Buy local, sell fresh"

Sysco, the largest foodservice marketer and distributor in the US, is responding to institutional demand for local food through "Buy Local, Sell Fresh" programs at some of its operating companies. In Grand Rapids, Michigan, Sysco purchases fresh produce from regional growers and suppliers, and distributes it to restaurants and institutions in the state. Corporate efforts to market local food are relatively new, and the implications for growers and other suppliers are largely unstudied. Sysco's program, in particular, is structured as a value chain, a model in which supply chain actors are strategic partners who share a common goal, work collaboratively, display trust, and value transparency to achieve shared rewards. Using a value chain analysis this thesis explores a practicing value chain involving Michigan fruit and vegetable growers, suppliers, and others participating in Sysco's Buy Local, Sell Fresh program in Grand Rapids. The thesis offers insights about benefits and challenges faced when using a value chain model to "scale up" local food distribution using the infrastructure of a large national foodservice distribution company. Ultimately, this case study determines that economic and social benefits are unevenly shared across the supply chain because Sysco treats some supply chain actors as partners and others as arms-length suppliers. This is partially due to the way the supply chain is structured, and the realities of the fresh produce industry where mid-size and larger growers are often represented by intermediaries. The study suggests that "scaling up" local food through a large company involves trade-offs in relationships with growers and suppliers.Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Community, Agriculture, Recreation a nd Resource Studies, 2011Includes bibliographical references (pages 163-168

Subordinação algorítmica : uma nova perspectiva sobre a subordinação jurídica

Orientador: Noa Piatã Bassfeld GnataMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Curso de Graduação em DireitoInclui referênciasResumo: Ao longo da história, o desenvolvimento da tecnologia promoveu significativas transformações nos meios de produção, conduzindo às adaptações no campo jurídico. Atualmente, presenciamos um novo paradigma de trabalho que é impulsionado pelas transformações tecnológicas, sendo ele caracterizado pela realização de trabalho intermediadas por plataformas digitais que são gerenciadas por algoritmos. A inserção do trabalho em plataformas digitais tornou-se uma realidade consolidada, mas que ainda é objeto de controvérsias quanto a sua classificação no âmbito do direito do trabalho, sendo permeado por resistências quanto ao reconhecimento da subordinação jurídica. Ao analisarmos a trajetória das transformações do trabalho durante diferentes épocas, e especificamente, do entendimento sobre a subordinação jurídica, em contraposição a realidade atual, torna-se incontestável a existência de subordinação no trabalho exercido por indivíduos em plataformas digitais, ainda que sob outro formato. Esse novo modelo empresarial, embora se diferencie comparado às características tradicionais de trabalho e ao sistema normativo vigente, não escapa da essência da subordinação, ainda que esta se manifeste de maneira inovadora, através do processamento de dados pelo algoritmo, que realiza o controle diretivo e sancionador do empreendimento. A partir dessa análise, e considerando uma releitura teórica ao caso, o presente estudo aponta para a necessidade de adoção de uma ampliação da noção de subordinação jurídica no direito do trabalho, para o reconhecimento amplo da perspectiva de Subordinação Algorítmica, nos casos de trabalho em plataformas digitais que envolvam o controle pelo algoritmo.Abstract: Throughout history, the development of technology has brought about significant transformations in the means of production, leading to adaptations in the legal field to accommodate these changes. Currently, we are witnessing a new work paradigm that is driven by technological transformations, characterized by the performance of work activities through digital platforms, managed by algorithms. The insertion of work on digital platforms has become a consolidated reality, but it is still the subject of controversy as to its classification within the scope of labor law, permeated by resistance as to the recognition of legal subordination, there are different and varied jurisdictional responses to the case. When we analyze the trajectory of labor transformations during different eras, and specifically the understanding of legal subordination, in contrast to the current reality, the existence of subordination in the work carried out by individuals on digital platforms becomes indisputable, albeit in a different format. Although this new business model differs from the traditional characteristics of work and the current regulatory system, it does not escape the essence of subordination, even if it manifests itself in an innovative way, through the processing of data by the algorithm, which then carries out the directive and sanctioning control of the enterprise. Based on this analysis, and without forgetting that a theoretical re-reading of the case is feasible, this study points to the need to adopt a necessary reformulation of Labor Law, especially of the notion of Legal Subordination, in order to recognize a new perspective, that of the notion of Algorithmic Subordination

THE HISTORY OF PRIVATE EQUITY MARKET. THE STORY BASED ON USA, GREAT BRITAIN, GERMANY AND POLAND CASES

oai:ojs.www.ef.unze.ba:article/2The objective of this article is to show the history of private equity investments,which is quite long and interesting. Despite its European roots, however, the private equity market grew fastest and most strongly in the United States. The need forcapital necessary to support innovation on a larger scale emerged in the nineteenthcentury together with the industrial revolution in Europe’s fastest developing countries like Great Britain or Germany. Later, in 1990, after the political and economictransformation, private equity funds appeared in Polish market and in other CEEcountries.The article is based mainly on British and American literature and the data usedfor its purposes come from annual reports and statistical materials of numerousnational private equity associations (e.g. Invest Europe, BVCA, NVCA, PSIK), international organisations’ publications (e.g. EBRD), reports and studies prepared byconsulting companies and online resources.Several research methods were used in the study: the descriptive method, the comparative analysis method, the critical analysis method and the synthesis of conclusionsmethod.Keywords: private equity investments, entrepreneurship development, sources ofcapital.JEL: G24, G32, O16

Avaliação de mapas na Web

Resumo: Com os avanços da Cartografia digital, aliado à acelerada evolução da Internet, os mapas são atualmente produzidos, transmitidos e disponibilizados aos usuários em menor tempo. A Web possibilita ao usuário o acesso aos mapas de modo mais interativo, porém, até o momento não foram realizados suficientes estudos para avaliar a eficiência dos mapas neste ambiente. Deste modo, esta dissertação apresenta a proposição de testes com usuários específicos para avaliar a interface e os recursos de interatividade de mapas interativos, projetados para a Internet, do Sistema de Informação da Política Estadual de ssistência Social (SIPEAS). São apresentadas as etapas desenvolvidas, que incluem: a pré-avaliação do Sistema, definição dos elementos a serem testados, proposição dos testes, elaboração do plano de teste, aplicação dos testes, avaliação dos resultados e proposição de melhorias. Esta pesquisa permite identificar aspectos críticos no processo de interação que se estabelecem entre os usuários e o sistema, orientar a mplementação de melhorias no SIPEAS e o desenvolvimento de novas interfaces