Primary cutaneous lymphoma in children: A report of four cases

Primary cutaneous lymphoma (CL) is a malignant lymphoma presenting in the skin. Primary CL is rare in children and difficult to clinically diagnose. We report four pediatric cases of primary CL with tumors in different body area: case 1, on the face and left thigh; case 2, on the left side of the neck; case 3, on the left side of the back; and case 4, on the left buttock. The first diagnoses of these children were rash, abscess, lymphadenitis, and fever, respectively in local hospitals. All 4 patients were diagnosed as primary CL by histopathologic examination in our hospital. Three patients (case 1, case 2 and case 4) were treated with chemotherapy. The size of tumor and degree of cutaneous lesion were alleviated after chemotherapy. Case 3 refused to receive chemotherapy, and died. The cases indicated the importance of early diagnosis of primary CL to guide appropriate therapy

Colonoscopy diagnosis of recurrent abdominal pain in a 4-year-old boy with intestinal duplication cyst involving colon, appendix, and ileum: a case report

Abstract Background Intestinal duplication cyst is an infrequent congenital malformation that can involve all the segments of the gastrointestinal tract. The cases of intestinal duplication cyst involving the colon, appendix, and ileum in children are particularly uncommon. The symptoms of abdominal pain are similar to other acute abdominal diseases in children, such as appendicitis, intussusception, and intestinal obstruction, so sometimes its diagnosis is challenging and leads to misdiagnosis. Case presentation We report a 4-year-old Asian boy who presented to the pediatric emergency department with abdominal pain and vomiting but no fever, peritonitis, or mass. No abdominal abnormality was found via radiology and ultrasonography. After 2 days’ anti-inflammatory therapy, the patient was discharged with pain relief. A total of 9 months later, he was readmitted to the pediatric emergency department for the same complaint as the first admission. Abdominal physical examination and ultrasound examination were still negative. Barium examination found a large mass in the colon. Colonoscopy was performed before operation to confirm the rare co-cavity intestinal duplication cyst involving the colon, appendix, and ileum. After resection of intestinal duplication and ileocolonic anastomosis, the patient’s abdominal pain and vomiting has not recurred for 5 years postoperatively. Conclusions The diagnosis of intestinal duplication cyst in children is difficult, especially the rare co-cavity and long segmental intestinal duplication, which is easily misdiagnosed. Colonoscopy may be an effective auxiliary diagnostic method, especially for diseases that are difficult to diagnosed clinically, such as recurrent abdominal pain

Scale adaptive part-based tracking method using multiple correlation filters

Visual tracking plays a significant role in computer vision. Although numerous tracking algorithms have shown promising results, target tracking remains a challenging task due to appearance changes caused by deformation, scale variation, and partial occlusion. Part-based methods have great potential in addressing the deformation and partial occlusion issues. Owing to the addition of multiple part trackers, most of these part-based trackers cannot run in real time. Correlation filters have been used in target tracking owing to their high efficiency. However, the correlation filter-based trackers face great problems dealing with occlusion, deformation, and scale variation. To better address the above-mentioned issues, we present a scale adaptive part-based tracking method using multiple correlation filters. Our proposed method utilizes the scale-adaptive tracker for both root and parts. The target location is determined by the responses of root tracker and part trackers collaboratively. To estimate the target scale more precisely, the root scale and each part scale are predicted with the sequential Monte Carlo framework. An adaptive weight joint confidence map is acquired by assigning proper weights to independent confidence maps. Experimental results on the publicly available OTB100 dataset demonstrate that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art trackers. (C) 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China

Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a not rare condition in HIV-negative patients. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics, possible risk factors, and outcomes of HIV-negative patients with CM. Methods: Medical records from 99 HIV-negative patients with CM admitted to our hospital from 2010 to 2021 were reviewed systematically. We compared the clinical features and outcomes between patients with underlying diseases and otherwise healthy hosts. Results: The 99 HIV-negative CM patients had a mean age at presentation of 56.2 ± 16.2 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 77:22. A total of 52 (52.5%) CM patients had underlying conditions, and 47 patients (47.5%) had no underlying conditions. Kidney transplant represented the most frequent underlying condition (11.1%), followed by rheumatic disease (10.1%) and hematological diseases (9.1%). Compared to patients without underlying conditions, those with underlying conditions had significantly more fever, more steroid therapy, higher serum creatinine, and lower albumin, IgG, hemoglobin, and platelets (p p = 0.011). By logistic regression analysis, male gender (OR = 3.16, p = 0.001), higher CSF WBC (OR = 2.88, p = 0.005), and protein (OR = 2.82, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: Patients with underlying conditions had a similar mortality to patients without underlying conditions. Alcohol abuse was a probable risk factor for CM for previously healthy patients. Male gender, higher CSF WBC, and protein were significantly associated with mortality

Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China

Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a not rare condition in HIV-negative patients. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics, possible risk factors, and outcomes of HIV-negative patients with CM. Methods: Medical records from 99 HIV-negative patients with CM admitted to our hospital from 2010 to 2021 were reviewed systematically. We compared the clinical features and outcomes between patients with underlying diseases and otherwise healthy hosts. Results: The 99 HIV-negative CM patients had a mean age at presentation of 56.2 ± 16.2 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 77:22. A total of 52 (52.5%) CM patients had underlying conditions, and 47 patients (47.5%) had no underlying conditions. Kidney transplant represented the most frequent underlying condition (11.1%), followed by rheumatic disease (10.1%) and hematological diseases (9.1%). Compared to patients without underlying conditions, those with underlying conditions had significantly more fever, more steroid therapy, higher serum creatinine, and lower albumin, IgG, hemoglobin, and platelets (p &lt; 0.05 for each). CM patients without underlying conditions had significantly more alcohol abuse than those with underlying conditions (31.9% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.011). By logistic regression analysis, male gender (OR = 3.16, p = 0.001), higher CSF WBC (OR = 2.88, p = 0.005), and protein (OR = 2.82, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: Patients with underlying conditions had a similar mortality to patients without underlying conditions. Alcohol abuse was a probable risk factor for CM for previously healthy patients. Male gender, higher CSF WBC, and protein were significantly associated with mortality.</jats:p