Tracking intracavernously injected adipose-derived stem cells to bone marrow.

The intracavernous (i.c.) injection of stem cells (SCs) has been shown to improve erectile function in various erectile dysfunction (ED) animal models. However, the tissue distribution of the injected cells remains unknown. In this study we tracked i.c.-injected adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in various tissues. Rat paratesticular fat was processed for ADSC isolation and culture. The animals were then subject to cavernous nerve (CN) crush injury or sham operation, followed by i.c. injection of 1 million autologous or allogeneic ADSCs that were labeled with 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU). Another group of rats received i.c. injection of EdU-labeled allogeneic penile smooth muscle cells (PSMCs). At 2 and 7 days post injection, penises and femoral bone marrow were processed for histological analyses. Whole femoral bone marrows were also analyzed for EdU-positive cells by flow cytometry. The results show that ADSCs exited the penis within days of i.c. injection and migrated preferentially to bone marrow. Allogenicity did not affect the bone marrow appearance of ADSCs at either 2 or 7 days, whereas CN injury reduced the number of ADSCs in bone marrow significantly at 7 but not 2 days. The significance of these results in relation to SC therapy for ED is discussed

Unmasking Gender Bias: A Critical Qualitative Exploration of Gender Dynamics in Mardi Gras Celebrations in New Orleans

Through the examination of intricate gender dynamics and potential discrimination within theMardi Gras festivities of New Orleans, this study investigates the underlying gender biases, focusing onthe representation of women and the propagation of heteronormative messaging. Employing a mixedmethodology that includes a historical analysis, and Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) of prominentMardi Gras krewes including their coverage in media and social media, this research addresses howgender roles and stereotypes are reflected and reinforced in Mardi Gras

Observations of pockmark flow structure in Belfast Bay, Maine

Vertical current and CTD profiles were acquired over a small, spherical pockmark and a larger, more elongated pockmark in Belfast Bay, Maine in July 2011. These observations showed evidence for mixing within the pockmarks, a rotational pattern that resembles open cavity flow, and incipient motion along the rims. Over the center of each pockmark, observations of uniform temperature properties below 12 m are indicative of mixing within the pockmark. The observed complex rotational structure over each pockmark shows significant rotation with depth and a greater degree of rotation during ebbing tide. These observations are qualitatively consistent with circulation patterns predicted by cavity flow models. Critical Shields parameters for cohesive sediment were estimated at the rim and center of each pockmark and were only exceeded along the rim. During the infrequently observed upwelling events, and in the absence of flocculation, suspended sediment would be unable to settle through the water column

Preferences of sixth grade children for certain social studies activities

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

THE CONSEQUENCES OF HOMOPHOBIA: ANALYSIS OF DISCRIMINATORY MEDICAL AND LEGISLATIVE POLICIES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON HEALTH DISPARITIES

Are there specific roots that influence the introduction and incorporation of discriminatory medical policies? What are the sources of such stigma, discrimination, and prejudice, in what forms does such discrimination take place, and what negative impacts does such hatred have on health outcomes, quality of care, and health disparities? Through a review of existing literature on this topic, intertwining the examination of the evolution of discriminatory policies and other explanatory literature in the United States, this thesis aims to answer the questions above, and explain the roots of such homophobic discrimination and its prevalence in the United States. Through the examination of changing medical and legislative policies over time, this review aims to dissect the evolution of the pro and anti-LGBTQ+ movements, political targeting of identity in recent legislation, and the challenges faced by SGM individuals across the country. From the Stonewall Riots to recent anti-LGBTQ+ policies, the LGBTQ+ community is historically and continuously discriminated against, erased, and ignored at all levels of education, still plaguing the community today. These issues not only affect health outcomes in the medical world, but also social development and performance in schools for LGBTQ+ youth, depicting an imperative need for inclusive education, safe spaces, and LGBTQ+ protections for youth and adults

Physical fitness changes in male and female college basketball players

Nine female and four male basketball players at the University of Nebraska at Omaha completed pre- and post-season testing to measure and compare the physiological changes which occurred over the course of a competitive season of intercollegiate basketball. Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), muscular strength, muscular endurance and body composition were the variables measured. The results showed a significant (p=.05) increase in VO2 max (1 min -1) for both the males and females. The women showed a significant (p=.05) increase in V02 max (ml*kg-1 .min-1). No other significant changes occurred within either group. Between group comparisons found a significant (p=.01) decrease in lower extremity strength in the females. The results of this study show that for this group of U.N.O. Basketball players, similar physical fitness changes occurred in each group with the females having a significant decrease in lower extremity strength over the course of a competitive season of college basketball

Investments in supplier-specific economies of scope with two different services and different supplier characters: two specialists

Firms have to choose their market positions. Suppliers can offer a wide range of services as generalists or they act as specialists by offering a small range of services. In this paper based on Chatain/Zemsky (2007) and Chatain (2011) we analyse how supplier-specific economies of scope generated by investments can compensate the loss occurring by a non-optimal organisational structure (resource configuration) of production. These considerations are modelled by a non-cooperative game with one buyer and two suppliers. We show how the buyer can gain from supplier-specific economies of scope. In this case, the buyer will never split the orders to both suppliers. But, if the investment costs of the suppliers are very high and/or the gains of the buyer are rather low, the pure strategy combination “no investments” for the two suppliers will become the unique Nash equilibrium, whereby the buyer places the two orders each to the supplier who is the specialist for it. Additional Nash solutions are dependent on the specific economies of scope. If the buyer has to place two different services he should order one supplier, if the tasks have similar characteristics and the investment costs of a supplier result in higher specific economies of scope relevant to the choice of the buyer

Stockkeeping and controlling under game theoretic aspects

The stock level in industrial companies is frequently subject of critical discussions. Material managers tend towards high stock levels to ensure delivery and operational readiness. In contrast, controllers demand lower stock levels to minimize the costs of capital commitment. This decision conflict – based on lateral perception – can be modelled using an approach of game theory and it can be analysed in view of decision theory. This is the central object of this article. The consequences of decisions of the material manager and the controller in a company will be analysed if their actions result in different payoffs. Both the warehouseman and the controller each have two different alternatives to choose their own behaviour from with a specific probability. The material manager can select a low stock level at the risk of shortfalls or he can select a high stock level to ensurce delivery disposition. The controller can check the economic efficiency of the stock level on a low or a high audit level. With respect to the different strategy conditions and the respective payoffs we show the existence of noncooperative Nash equilibria in dependence of specific probabilities by which the players choose their strategies. Following these actions the top management analyses how far the players have pursued the economic efficiency of the company and how far the company was damaged because of the choice of their actions. This damage can be exposed by the top management with a specific probability. Additionally, the analysis will provide the management with informations, how the payoffs should be specified in order to reduce the probability of bad stockkeeping and bad auditing