Cellular uptake and anti-tumor activity of gemcitabine conjugated with new amphiphilic cell penetrating peptides

Gemcitabine (Gem) is used as a single agent or in combination with other anticancer agents to treat many types of solid tumors. However, it has many limitations such as a short plasma half-life, dose-limiting toxicities and drug resistance. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides which may deliver a large variety of cargo mole- cules into the cancerous cells. The current study was designed to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of gemcita- bine chemically conjugated to CPPs. The peptides were synthesized using solid phase synthesis procedure. The uptake efficiency of CPPs into cells was examined by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. The synthesized peptides were chemically conjugated to Gem and the in vitro cytotoxicity of conjugates was tested by MTT assay on A594 cell line. According to the obtained results, cellular uptake was increased with increasing the concentra- tion of CPPs. On the other hand the coupling of Gem with peptides containing block sequence of arginine (R5W3R4) and some alternating sequences (i.e. [RW]6 and [RW]3) exhibited improved antitumor activity of the drug. The findings in this study support the advantages of using cell-penetrating peptides for improving intracellular delivery of Gem into tumor as well as its activity

Quantum dots: synthesis, bioapplications, and toxicity

This review introduces quantum dots (QDs) and explores their properties, synthesis, applications, delivery systems in biology, and their toxicity. QDs are one of the first nanotechnologies to be integrated with the biological sciences and are widely anticipated to eventually find application in a number of commercial consumer and clinical products. They exhibit unique luminescence characteristics and electronic properties such as wide and continuous absorption spectra, narrow emission spectra, and high light stability. The application of QDs, as a new technology for biosystems, has been typically studied on mammalian cells. Due to the small structures of QDs, some physical properties such as optical and electron transport characteristics are quite different from those of the bulk materials

PENERAPAN TGT BERBANTUAN MEDIA PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP DAN KERJASAMA PADA MATERI RANTAI MAKANAN

 Penelitian ini menjawab tantangan pembelajaran IPA SD, khususnya sifat abstrak materi rantai makanan dan miskonsepsi siswa yang tinggi. Laporan Kemendikbud (2023) menunjukkan 68% siswa kelas IV-V mengalami kesulitan memahami interaksi trofik, sementara 52% guru bergantung pada metode cmedia tradisionalah. Selain itu, 45% kerja kelompok didominasi anggota tertentu, menghambat kolaborasi. Melalui meta-analisis, penelitian mengkaji efektivitas model Teams Games Tournament (TGT) berbantuan Media tradisional—media permainan tradisional yang mengkontekstualisasikan aliran energi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dari 10 jurnal nasional/internasional di Google Scholar. Hasil membuktikan sinergi TGT-Media tradisional meningkatkan pemahaman konsep (rata-rata hasil belajar naik 42%) dan kerjasama (ketuntasan kelas meningkat 18,75%). Pendekatan gamifikasi ini signifikan memacu motivasi, keterlibatan kinestetik, dan partisipasi setara dalam kelompok. Namun, implementasi memerlukan manajemen kelas matang dan pelatihan guru untuk mengatasi kebisingan selama turnamen. Penelitian mengonfirmasi bahwa media berbasis kearifan lokal dengan struktur kooperatif menjadi solusi pedagogi sains di daerah terbatas sumber daya

Analisis Putusan MK No. 6/PUU-XXII/2024 tentang Uji Materi Undang-Undang Kejaksaan dalam Perspektif Teori Keadilan Wahbah Zuhaili

The Prosecutor's Office plays a vital role in law enforcement as a public prosecutor, contributing to the administration of justice. This study focuses on analyzing the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 6/PUU-XXII/2024 regarding the judicial review of Article 20 of the Prosecutor's Office Law through the lens of Islamic justice principles as proposed by Wahbah Zuhaili. Employing normative legal research methods with a statute and case approach, this study relies on library-based legal materials. The findings reveal two key points: First, the Constitutional Court partially upheld the Applicant's argument, basing its judgment on Article 1 paragraph (3), Article 24 paragraph (1), and Article 27 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, which address the qualifications for appointing the Attorney General, particularly concerning individuals affiliated with political parties. Second, from the perspective of Wahbah Zuhaili's concept of justice in Islam, the decision deviates from justice rooted in transcendental values derived from the Qur'an and Hadith, as it fails to promote social welfare and collective happines

Legal Protection of Minority Rights: Study on the Implementation of Qanun Number 6 of 2014 Concerning the Jinayat Law in Langsa City, Aceh Special Region Province

The negative stigma against applying Islamic law or sharia has not disappeared. This stigma persists since it is accompanied by propaganda that Islamic sharia is contrary to human rights and is barbaric. Specifically, the Special Region of Aceh Province, with its special label and special autonomy based on Law No. 44 of 1999 concerning the Implementation of the Privileges of Aceh, strengthened by Law No. 18 of 2001 concerning Special Autonomy, Law No. 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh, and part of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) of Helsinki bargaining, is permitted to apply Islamic law, including the issue of jinayat. This research’s object was the implementation of Qanun Jinayat in Langsa City to find out how it is implemented and how it protects the rights of minorities. Included in the field research category, this study used qualitative methods with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and field observations. The result revealed that the enforcement of the Qanun Jinayat in Langsa City is concerned about human rights norms, does not interfere with the rights of minorities, and they even feel happy since the Qanun’s norm is also regulated in their holy book

Does nationality affect nurses’ information security participation? A comparative study in Iran and Poland

Background:Confidential personal data breaches are a serious problem for medical service providers. They may result in high financial costs for medical care facilities and unnecessary stress for patients. Research on information security (IS) in healthcare has been insufficient thus far. International studies may add a new perspective on this issue.Participants and procedure:A quantitative approach was assumed to analyse relationships between IS climate and IS indicators in countries with dif-ferent cultures (Iran and Poland). The Information Security Climate Index was used in the study. The software PLS3 and SPSS 22 was used for data analysis.Results:The results showed that the predicted factors of nurses’ IS participation were different in Iran and Poland. In both coun-tries, nurses’ perception of the importance of IS had an effect on IS participation, but in Poland, IS compliance had an addi-tional positive effect. In addition, IS compliance moderated the relationship between IS motivation and IS participation.Conclusions:Components of IS climate have a significant effect on nurses’ IS participation in both Iran and Poland, though nationality can modify this relation. However, in both countries, by linking IS policies with human resource management activities such as performance appraisal and training, nurses’ perception of IS importance can be increased and IS participation can be facilitated.Background:Confidential personal data breaches are a serious problem for medical service providers. They may result in high financial costs for medical care facilities and unnecessary stress for patients. Research on information security (IS) in healthcare has been insufficient thus far. International studies may add a new perspective on this issue.Participants and procedure:A quantitative approach was assumed to analyse relationships between IS climate and IS indicators in countries with dif-ferent cultures (Iran and Poland). The Information Security Climate Index was used in the study. The software PLS3 and SPSS 22 was used for data analysis.Results:The results showed that the predicted factors of nurses’ IS participation were different in Iran and Poland. In both coun-tries, nurses’ perception of the importance of IS had an effect on IS participation, but in Poland, IS compliance had an addi-tional positive effect. In addition, IS compliance moderated the relationship between IS motivation and IS participation.Conclusions:Components of IS climate have a significant effect on nurses’ IS participation in both Iran and Poland, though nationality can modify this relation. However, in both countries, by linking IS policies with human resource management activities such as performance appraisal and training, nurses’ perception of IS importance can be increased and IS participation can be facilitated

FIQH MIYAH; SEBUAH TAWARAN METODOLOGIS DALAM KONTEKS MAQASHID AL-SYARI’AH

Maqashid al-Syari’ah (tujuan syari’at Islam) adalah untuk menjaga agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan dan harta. Dengan demikian maka akan mendatangkan apa yang disebut dengan almaslahah. Kemaslahatan yang akan diwujudkan itu menurut al-Syatibi terbagi kepada tiga tingkatan, yaitu kebutuhan dharuriyat, kebutuhan hajiyat, dan kebutuhan tahsiniyat. Untuk saat sekarang dan yang akan datang maka mestinya konsep tentang hifzul miyah حف المياه ظ (menjaga, melindungi dan mengelola sumber daya air) masuk katagori kebutuhan dharuriyat (primer). Maqashid al-Syari’ah (مقاصد الشريعة) sebagai landasan metodologis fiqh miyah, juga bisa kita perkuat dengan kaidah-kaidah yang telah dirumuskan oleh para fuqaha (al-Qawaid alFiqhiyyah). Berlandaskan metodologis tadi maka Fiqh miyah dapat kiranya ditempatkan sebagai kajian tersendiri dalam sistematika fiqih di antara kajian-kajian lain, maka tujuan pemeliharaan, pengelolaan dan perlindungan sumber daya air menjadi prioritas (al-ashliyyah)

Effects of hyperbilirubinemia on auditory brainstem response of neonates treated with phototherapy

Introduction: One of the most common pathologies in neonates is hyperbilirubinemia, which is a good marker for damage to the central nervous system. The sensitivity of the auditory system to bilirubin has been previously documented, with much discrepancy in its effects on Auditory Brainstem Response results. Thus the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hyperbilirubinemia on Auditory Brainstem Response of neonates treated with phototherapy. Materials and Methods: Forty-two term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, who underwent phototherapy participated in this cross sectional study. The recording of Auditory Brainstem Response was made shortly after confirming that the total serum bilirubin level was greater than 15 μg/dl. Latency of waves I, III, V and inter-peak latencies of the waves were measured. To test the hypothesis about the difference of means between the two groups, continuous variables were compared using either the t-test (normal distribution) or the Mann-Whitney test (non-normal distribution). Results: There was a significant increase in the absolute latencies of waves III and V, and I-III and I-V inter-peak latencies of the sample group compared to the control group in both ears (P0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study underline the importance of the Auditory Brainstem Response Test as an efficient tool for monitoring the auditory brainstem pathway in neonates who are at risk of neurotoxicity and for diagnosing the earliest stages of auditory damage caused by high levels of bilirubin