Avaliação de linhagens de sorgo vassoura na Região de Viçosa, MG, Brasil.

O sorgo tipo vassoura caracteriza-se por possuir panícula laxa de ráquis curta e ramificações longas e resistentes, o que a torna propícia para a fabricação de vassouras. Esse trabalho avaliou as características morfológicas de linhagens de sorgo vassoura selecionadas de acessos provenientes de diferentes regiões do Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil, no período de março a julho de 2009. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de nove linhagens de sorgo vassoura e uma variedade comercial (Tietê), utilizada como testemunha. Foram determinadas as características altura de planta na floração, diâmetro do pedúnculo da panícula, comprimento de panícula e comprimento da ráquis. As linhagens não apresentaram diferenças quanto ao diâmetro do pedúnculo da panícula. A linhagem SV08-001 destaca-se quanto ao comprimento da ráquis e altura de planta. As linhagens SV07-060 e SV07-032 apresentaram-se mais promissoras para produção de vassouras de qualidade

Influence of metal alloy and the profile of coronary stents in patients with multivessel coronary disease

BACKGROUND: In Brazil, despite the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology, the National Health System has not yet approved the use of drug-eluting stents. In percutaneous coronary interventions performed in the public and part of the private health care system, bare metal stents are used as the only option. Therefore, new information on bare metal stents is of great importance. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the influence of the alloy and the profile of coronary stents on late loss and restenosis rates 6 months after implantation in patients with multivessel coronary disease. METHODS: Single center, randomized and prospective study comparison of cobalt-chromium versus stainless steel stent implantation in 187 patients with multivessel coronary disease. At least one cobalt-chromium and one stainless steel stent were implanted per patient. RESULTS: Mean age of patients was 59.5 + 10.1 years with a prevalence of males (66.3%) and patients with acute coronary syndrome (56%). Baseline clinical characteristics were similar with hypertension in 146 (78%), dyslipidemia in 85 (45.5%) and diabetes in 68 (36.4%). Two hundred and twenty-nine cobalt-chromium and 284 stainless steel stents were implanted. Angiographic variables showed no statistically significant difference. Angiographic follow-up to 6 months after implantation showed similar late loss and restenosis rates. CONCLUSION: The use of two different alloys, stainless steel and cobalt-chrome stents, in the same patient and in the same vessel produced similar 6-month restenosis and late loss rates

This child is not a person. Criança-irân infanticide cultural practice and the challenges to human rights

Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos AfricanosO principal objetivo dessa tese é investigar quais os valores culturais e as crenças metafisicas que subjazem à prática cultural do infanticídio de crianças-irân e os consequentes desafios aos direitos humanos internacionais legalmente definidos. A pesquisa foca-se no fenómeno das crianças-irân, especificamente entre os Pepeis (etnia maioritária no setor de Biombo, Guiné-Bissau, onde foi desenvolvido o trabalho de campo). A análise desta prática não foi alheia ao sistema metafísico animista subjacente, frisando a importância atribuída às forças sobrenaturais e às funções que são chamados a desempenhar na realidade física. O maior contributo desta pesquisa reside na apresentação dos desafios que a prática coloca aos direitos humanos internacionalmente e legalmente definidos. Primeiramente, discute-se o aparente antagonismo entre algumas práticas culturais e os direitos humanos, à luz do debate sobre o direito à cultura. Em segundo lugar, analisam-se os fundamentos dos direitos humanos, distinguindo os valores individualistas e coletivistas subjacentes; discutem-se as posições universalista e relativista, incluindo e salientando as abordagens cross-culturais e do pluralismo ético. Conclui-se, assim, que o maior desafio posto pela prática de infanticídio ritual das criançairân aos direitos humanos está baseado numa diferente conceção da natureza humana e de quem é titular de direitos.Throughout this thesis I propose to ascertain cultural values as well as metaphysical beliefs underpinning criança-irân cultural practice and explain the challenges it poses to international legal human rights. This research is focused on criança-irân infanticide cultural practice specifically among the Pepeis (Biombo region, Guinea Bissau, where field research was conducted). The analysis of this practice could not ignore the underlying animist metaphysical system, more precisely the importance of otherworldly forces and the functions they are compelled to perform in the real world. As a general contribution of the research, I expose the challenges that this practice poses to international legal human rights. Firstly, I problematize the apparent inconsistency between human rights and given cultural practices in the framework of the right to culture. Secondly, I shed some light on human rights’ foundations, discerning the individualistic and societal values underneath. Furthermore, I discuss the universalist and relativist stances, along with the crosscultural and ethical pluralism approach. Finally, I argue that the uttermost challenge posed to international legal human rights by criança-irân infanticide cultural practice relies on a different concept of humanness and of rights-holder.N/

Reconsiderar a instabilidade: desequilíbrios entre poderes nativos e o colapso do estado em Guiné-Bissau

The premise of this paper emerges from an understanding of political turmoil and recurrent instability as being due to the process of the Africanisation of power. My aim is to discern this idea in relation to Guinea-Bissau. Since 1994, the West African country has experienced continuous political instability. So far, political analysis has pinpointed the rationale of Bissau-Guinean political turmoil as dependent on the ethnicisation of power and a dysfunctional state. The first is largely due to the role played by the Balanta ethnic group. While much harm was inflicted on the Balanta in the past, the group assumed power through its domination of the military. The second phenomenon relates to a political class unprepared for office yet committed to the misappropriation of power and resources, engendering failure of the state and its institutions. Without discarding these hypotheses, I argue that the underlying rationale of Bissau-Guinean political turmoil is further related to the Africanisation of power. The latter is a bidirectional process, in which the state influences indigenous political powers and vice versa. This paper identifies how these political powers differ in their configuration of the polity and in the policies applied, leading to discrepant political behaviours in their subjects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Politics and ritual infanticide: a reading of political instability in Guinea-Bissau from political theory

This analysis takes on the ritual infanticide of the criança-irân as an explanatory framework for the recurrent political instability in Guinea-Bissau, using the concepts of humanness and political community. The infanticide is a ritual practice connected to the belief in the existence of spirit-children: some babies are believed to be spirits (irân) encased in human flesh. Thus, these beings are neither human nor spirits. This culturally embedded conceptualisation of humanness challenges liberal and communitarian notions on human nature, personhood, and individualism, along with their articulations on the structure of the political community. In my analysis, I consider how this understanding collide with the underpinning of the state – formally, a semi-presidential republic modelled upon the demo-liberal model. I emphasise how the state lacks an organised, coherent, and continued reaction to the practice and the belief. The state’s inertia evades the liberal predicaments and legal provisions, which criminalise any infanticide as unlawful termination of a human life. However, politicians, rulers and academics are aware of the phenomenon, and even share the belief in the existence of these “hybrid” humans. Hence, the analysis questions which the relevance and the resilience of endogenous conceptualisation of humanness and political community underpinning the state’s response, and their articulations on the strengthening of a stable political sphere

Health effects of indoor nitrogen dioxide

Rationale: Exposure to indoor NO2 has been implicated as a cause of respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma but evidence has been inconsistent. Objective: To review the existing evidence and examine the effects of indoor NO2 in adult asthma-related symptoms using data from an adult multi-centre cohort (ECRHS) followed up for 20 years. Methods: Studies on respiratory health and indoor NO2 were systematically reviewed and meta-analyses performed. Cross-sectional analyses within a sub-set of ECRHS participants with indoor NO2 measurements were conducted to assess the associations of asthma severity and wheeze prevalence with NO2. A regression model was developed to predict indoor NO2 for a larger ECRHS sample without indoor NO2 measurements. GEE analyses were conducted to examine the long-term effects of gas cooking and modelled indoor NO2 on wheeze and asthma score. To investigate the effect of gas-generating NO2 peaks on asthma exacerbation a panel study was also piloted using a new-to-market portable NO2 sensor. Main results: The systematic review identified 50 studies, mainly in children. Results of meta-analyses suggested a significant association between 12-month period prevalence of wheeze and indoor NO2. Within ECRHS prevalence of wheeze but not asthma severity was associated with measured indoor NO2. Long-term associations of asthma-related symptoms with predicted indoor NO2 exposure but not gas cooking were significant. Interpreting this is difficult as the latter analyses (gas cooking) included a larger number of centres and some heterogeneity across centres was observed in the analysis on asthma score. Gas appliances, outdoor NO2, monthly temperature and country were the main predictors of indoor NO2. Evaluation of the pilot study recommends better recruitment strategies and independent calibration of NO2 sensor. Conclusions: There is some evidence for a link between indoor NO2 and asthma-related symptoms. Health risks may be small but are applied to a substantial proportion of the population.Open Acces

Patient-Centered Implementation of Statin Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The American Diabetes Association recommends statins and lifestyle modifications for all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. A patient-centered approach to primary prevention is encouraged, yet there are no specific instructions regarding implementation. The Statin Choice Decision Aid is a tool designed to facilitate shared decision-making between the patient and the provider in the clinical setting. The 2018 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were implemented into practice by prescribing statins and patient education for the appropriate patients. The Statin Choice Decision Aid was integrated into the electronic health record and accessed by the provider during the clinical encounter with the patient to help guide the decision to initiate statin therapy. Results yielded an impressive 82% increase in the provider’s statin prescribing practice. In addition, more than half (75%) of those patients had their individual atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk score computed and documented in the electronic health record. The Doctor of Nursing Practice quality improvement project helped to achieve optimal and patient-centered approach to successfully adhering to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines

Síntomas de pacientes antes de la primera hospitalización por Síndrome Coronario Agudo

Este estudo objetivou caracterizar os pacientes quanto ao relato da presença de sintomas de dor torácica, dispneia e limitação das atividades diárias uma semana antes da primeira hospitalização por Síndrome Coronariana Aguda, segundo a forma de apresentação clínica, e compará-las. Estudo transversal, descritivo e correlacional. Utilizou-se um instrumento de avaliação clínica que investigou a presença e a gravidade dos sintomas de dispneia, precordialgia e restrição física decorrentes da isquemia do miocárdio. Com relação à limitação para realização de atividades físicas, pacientes com diagnóstico de angina instável mostraram maior comprometimento na semana que antecedeu a internação, assim como relataram a presença de dispneia e precordialgia com maior frequência do que os pacientes infartados em situações que vão desde realizarem grandes esforços como, por exemplo, caminhar na subida ou muito rápido no plano, até situações de repouso ou de pequenos esforços.The objective of this study was to characterize and compare patients regarding their report of experiencing chest pain, dyspnea and limitation of the daily life activities one week before their first hospitalization due to Acute Coronary Syndrome, according to the clinical presentation form, and compare them. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study. A clinical evaluation instrument was used to investigate the presence and severity of dyspnea, chest pain and physical restriction due to myocardial ischemia. Regarding the limitation to carry out physical activities, patients diagnosed with unstable angina showed lower capacity the week before hospitalization, and reported experiencing dyspnea and chest pain more frequently than patients who had an infarction in situations ranging from making strong efforts, such as walking uphill or on a flat surface but very quickly, to resting and in situations of little effort.Estudio que objetivó caracterizar a pacientes en cuanto al relato de presencia de síntomas de dolor torácico, disnea y limitación de actividades diarias una semana antes de la primera hospitalización por Síndrome Coronario Agudo, según la forma de presentación clínica, y compararlas. Estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Se utilizó un instrumento de evaluación clínica que investigó la presencia y gravedad de síntomas de disnea, precordialgia y restricción física derivadas de isquemia de miocardio. En relación a limitaciones para realización de actividades físicas, pacientes con diagnóstico de angina inestable mostraron mayor compromiso en la semana que antecedió a la internación, así como relataron la presencia de disnea y precordialgia con mayor frecuencia que en los pacientes infartados en situaciones tales como realizar grandes esfuerzos como, por ejemplo, caminar en pendiente ascendiente o muy rápido en el llano, hasta situaciones de reposo o pequeños esfuerzos

Lusophone words in Comparative Political Theory

A disciplina de comparative political theory (CPT) surgiu no contexto anglo-saxónico na década de 1990 ao fim de integrar os cânones da teoria política com teorias e pensamentos não ocidentais, contrastando a hegemonia epistemológica. Este artigo denuncia que na literatura de teoria política portuguesa a CPT é míngua ou até inexistente. A geral carência de textos traduz não só a ausência de abertura da teoria política portuguesa para cânones mais abrangentes, globalizados ou cosmopolitas, como referidos na literatura anglófona, mas também assinala uma falha na representação e no espaço concedido a autores, textos, ideias e conceitos além dos cânones. Entre as áreas de interesse da CPT, as teorizações políticas endógenas da África são das menos consideradas; a literatura portuguesa de teoria política consta de escassas referências a pensamento e teorias políticas subsaariana e dos países de língua oficial portuguesainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio