Polarization observables in the processes p+p→Θ++Σ+p+p\to \Theta^+ +\Sigma^+ and n+p→Θ++Λ0n+p\to \Theta^+ +\Lambda^0, for any spin and parity of the Θ+\Theta^+-hyperon in the threshold region

Using the symmetry properties of the strong interaction, such as the Pauli principle, the P-invariance, the conservation of the total angular momentum and isotopic invariance, we establish the spin structure of the threshold matrix elements for the processes $p+p\to \Theta^+ +\Sigma^+$ and $n+p\to \Theta^+ +\Lambda^0$, in a model independent way, which applies to any spin and parity of the $\Theta^+$-hyperon in the near threshold region. We predict the double spin observables for these processes, such as the dependence of the differential cross section on the polarizations of the colliding nucleons, and the coefficients of polarization transfer from a nucleon beam or target to the produced $\Sigma^+$ or $\Lambda^0$ hyperon. We prove that these observables are sensitive to the P-parity of the $\Theta^+$ baryon, for any value of its spin. As an example of dynamical considerations, we analyzed these reactions in the framework of K-meson exchange.Comment: 14 pages 1 figur

DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN POST-OPERATIVE PATIENTS IN THE SURGERY WARD OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN SOUTH INDIA

Objectives: Pharmacotherapy with multiple agents before, during, and after surgery is marked in the present day indoor hospital setting. The main objective of our research is to evaluate the prescribing and drug utilization patterns using the World Health Organization (WHO) indicators in post-operative patients in the surgery ward of Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) teaching hospital - Raichur, which will help us to use the medicines rationally and decrease the adverse effects in surgical patients.Methods: A retrospective study was done on post-operative patients of surgery ward in RIMS teaching hospital - Raichur. A total of 574 patients prescriptions/case record forms were collected over a period of 15 months from January 2015 to March 2016 from the medical record section of the hospital for analysis and rationalization. We analyzed the data using the various drug use indicators given by the WHO.Results: The average number of drugs per encounter was 7.04. Ranitidine, analgesics, antibiotics, and intravenous fluids accounted for majority of the drugs prescribed. Appendicectomy (34.84%) was most commonly performed surgical procedure. Percentage of encounters in which an antibiotic prescribed was 99.8%. Percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed was 100%. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 43.93%. Percentage of drugs prescribed from National List of Essential Medicines 2015 was 99.3%.Conclusion: Our study gave us an in general pattern about the use of drugs in post-operative patients in the surgical ward of a tertiary care hospital. Widespread polypharmacy, particularly in case of the antibiotics, lack of generic prescribing are some concerns that need to be addressed to conform to rational drug therapy. However, prescribing according to the national essential list of medicines is good in our study

Non-adherence to anti- diabetic therapy and its consequences among type-2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Despite the extensive therapy options available for various stages of type 2 diabetes, studies have indicated that less than 50% of patients achieve the glycemic goals. Failure to attain the desired therapeutic goal might be related to inadequate adherence. Objectives of present study were to determine the extent of non-adherence to antidiabetic medications and identify reasons for the same.Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, questionnaire-based study was conducted to assess the level of non-adherence to antidiabetic therapy among type 2 diabetics attending medicine outpatient department or admitted to the wards of a tertiary care hospital from Jan 2015 to Jan 2016. A pretested and validated questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence. Reasons for missing medications were also elicited. Data thus collected was analysed using a suitable statistical software.Results: Out of the 210 study participants, 55.2% were females. Most participants were in the age group of 51-60. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.17± 5.39. The most common diabetes-related complication was Diabetic Keto Acidosis (DKA), followed by diabetic foot ulcer. The average number of drugs per prescription was 1.98 ± 1.05. Poor glycemic control was observed in 58% and non-adherence to treatment in 45.2% of study participants.Conclusions: Good adherence to antidiabetic therapy is fundamental for good glycemic control which in turn prevents the occurrence of short and long-term complications of diabetes. Poor doctor-patient intercommunication and inadequacy on part of physicians to adjust medications negatively affect adherence. Active participation of the patient is also equally important

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Architecture

SYNOPSIS\ud "Mumbai has traditionally been a conduit for the drug trade and consequently, the number of users here has always been large. The city also gets addicts from all over the country who check into rehabilitation facilities here. Nearly 10,000 drug users have gone in for de-addiction in Mumbai at some time or the other in last three years," said Dr Yusuf Merchant, a leading anti-drug crusader who has been working in the field for the last three decades.\ud Over the last three years, Maharashtra has had the largest number of people registering for drugs de-addiction in the country.\ud Drug addicts and alcoholics are mostly jobless or they are not concerned about their job, family, society, etc. And they tend to lead a stress full life. Due to which they get dependent on others and this leads to a direct impact on growth and development of nation in major aspects. Other then this accidents, crime rate, prostitution, HIV, etc. keep on increasing which is a great threat to society.\ud Aim: Main aim of this thesis is to design a rehabilitation centre for alcohol and drug addicts with additional facility of vocational training which will improve their quality and standard of life and make them able to serve the society.\ud Objectives:\ud  Designing a rehab which will cater increasing number of addicts from Mumbai and all over India, since the problem due to addiction is increasing year by year.\ud  Redesigning the existing vocational training centre of Yusuf Meherally centre as a part of recovery.\ud  Adding much advanced courses in training for a good response of outsiders.\ud  Creating an environment in rehabilitation centre which will help in recovering the patient as early as possible and lead a normal and stress free life.\ud  Collaborating the existing training centre at Yusuf Meherally with the rehabilitation centre so that it becomes part of treatment as well as a platform for interaction between patients with the society

DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY AMONG GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN SOUTH INDIA

Objectives: The objective of our study is to evaluate the drug utilization pattern among geriatric patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India and analyze the prescription pattern.&#x0D; Methods:  Retrospective medical record analysis was performed for indoor cases of the geriatric patients (aged ≥65 years) admitted in medicine&#x0D; wards of Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences teaching hospital, Raichur, from June 2015 to May 2016. They were analyzed for demo graphics, disease pattern  by  system  involved,  disease  diagnosed,  comorbidity  pattern,  most  commonly  prescribed  drugs,  distribution  of  drugs  according  to  their  therapeutic class, evaluation of polypharmacy, route of administration, fixed-dose combinations, and the World Health Organization core prescribing indicators.&#x0D; Results: A total of 400 prescriptions of geriatrics patients admitted in inpatient medicine department were randomly selected and all the required data for the study were collected and evaluated. The majority of patients were found to be in the age group of 65–70 years (70.25%). It was noticed that females (51.75%) were more compared to males (48.25%). The drugs prescribed were analyzed. Ranitidine, ceftriaxone, theophylline, and salbutamol were prescribed to majority of the patients in this study group. The average number of drugs per prescription was 7.42; drugs prescribed by generic name were 33.62%. Among the drugs prescribed, 88.69% were from the National List of Essential Medicines. Total encounters having&#x0D; inject table  preparations were 100% and total encounters having antibiotic prescribed were 91%. The prevalence of cardiovascular disorders (32.5%) was high followed by respiratory disorders (32.25%).&#x0D; Conclusion: This study provides insight into the patterns of drug use in our tertiary care hospital on geriatric patients as well as various diseases prevalent  among  geriatric  patients.  Widespread  polypharmacy,  high  use  of  antibiotics  and  injections,  and  lack  of  generic  prescribing  are  some  concerns that need to be addressed to promote rational usage of drugs.</jats:p