Improving Performance Isolation on Chip Multiprocessors via an Operating System Scheduler

We describe a new operating system scheduling algorithm that improves performance isolation on chip multiprocessors (CMP). Poor performance isolation occurs when an application’s performance is determined by the behaviour of its co-runners, i.e., other applications simultaneously running with it. This performance dependency is caused by unfair, corunner-dependent cache allocation on CMPs. Poor performance isolation interferes with the operating system’s control over priority enforcement and hinders QoS provisioning. Previous solutions required modifications to the hardware. We present a new software solution. Our cache-fair algorithm ensures that the application runs as quickly as it would under fair cache allocation, regardless of how the cache is actually allocated. If the thread executes fewer instructions per cycle than it would under fair cache allocation, the scheduler increases that thread’s CPU timeslice. This way, the thread’s overall performance does not suffer because it is allowed to use the CPU longer. We describe our implementation of the algorithm in Solaris™ 10, and show that it significantly improves performance isolation for SPEC CPU, SPEC JBB and TPC-C.Engineering and Applied Science

BLISS is a versatile and quantitative method for genome-wide profiling of DNA double-strand breaks

Precisely measuring the location and frequency of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) along the genome is instrumental to understanding genomic fragility, but current methods are limited in versatility, sensitivity or practicality. Here we present Breaks Labeling In Situ and Sequencing (BLISS), featuring the following: (1) direct labelling of DSBs in fixed cells or tissue sections on a solid surface; (2) low-input requirement by linear amplification of tagged DSBs by in vitro transcription; (3) quantification of DSBs through unique molecular identifiers; and (4) easy scalability and multiplexing. We apply BLISS to profile endogenous and exogenous DSBs in low-input samples of cancer cells, embryonic stem cells and liver tissue. We demonstrate the sensitivity of BLISS by assessing the genome-wide off-target activity of two CRISPR-associated RNA-guided endonucleases, Cas9 and Cpf1, observing that Cpf1 has higher specificity than Cas9. Our results establish BLISS as a versatile, sensitive and efficient method for genome-wide DSB mapping in many applications.National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U.S.) (Grant T32GM007753)National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) (Grant 5DP1-MH100706)National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R01-MH110049

Cryopreservation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in complex sugar based cryoprotective solutions

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate in vivo and in vitro giving rise to different cell types including osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and neuronal cells, providing a valuable source for treatment of degenerative and age-associated diseases. Im-provement of protocols and procedures for human MSCs cryopreservation will contribute significantly to the development of cell replacement therapies. We developed an alternative cryopreservation solutions for stem cell cryopreservation. Most cryoprotectants need to be removed from the cells by washing after thawing, a procedure that can lead to a loss of precious stem cells. Additionally, the procedure is time and cost-consuming. In our study we used a combination of transfusable and non-toxic substances such as hydroxyethylstarch, sorbitol and dextran replacing DMSO and FCS. We found that a cryosolution containing 5% HES, 0.3M sorbitol and 5% dextran provide successful protection for human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells. These MSC retain a high viability and show multilineage differentiation

ANALISIS FAKTOR INTERNAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI PROFITABILITAS BANK KONVENSIONAL

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Operational Income Operating Costs (BOPO) on Return on Assets (ROA) in conventional banking sector companies in Indonesia, using 5 banks with financial reports from 2018 to 2022 and complete data on the variables studied. E-Viws 12 technical analysis entails picking a panel data model (common effect, fixed effect, and random effect) and then running a panel data test. According to the findings of the analysis, the net interest margin (NIM) and Operational Income Operating Costs (BOPO) have a partial effect on ROA, however the loan deposit ratio (LDR) has no partial effect on ROA. The elements Loan Deposit Percentage

Analysis and Characterization of Fe3O4/Silica Composite from Rice Husk Ash

In this investigation, Fe3O4/Silica composites were synthesized from rice husk ash utilizing the coprecipitation technique, aiming to elucidate the influence of variedheating temperatures on the surface morphology and elemental composition of the composites. Comprehensive characterizations were conducted employing FourierTransform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). These analyses unveiled a heterogeneous distributionof Fe3O4 nanoparticles and affirmed the amorphous characteristic of the silica constituent, with the XRD results prominently displaying a broad peak at approximately 2θ = 38°, signifying the amorphous nature. Despite the alterations in heating temperatures, SEM observations indicated a negligible effect on the nanoparticles' surface morphology, whereas notable variations were discerned intheir elemental composition. The outcomes of this study provide insightful contributions to the understanding of the structural properties of Fe3O4/Silica composites, suggesting avenues for refining synthesis methodologies for enhanced environmental and technological utilization

Pengaruh Perang Rusia-Ukraina Terhadap Kegiatan Ekspor Impor Pangan Di Kawasan Benua Eropa

The Russian-Ukrainian invasion can resolve significant losses in terms of security, health, and even food. The invasion between the two countries has the potential to impact the food sector. This study aims to see how the analysis of the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian invasion on global food conditions pans out. To answer this research question, the author employs descriptive analysis as well as a literature review approach. Russia and Ukraine are countries that have an important role in producing food in the form of wheat, corn, and soybeans, as well as in the global food trade. But the invasions that occurred in these two countries disrupted and hampered food production, which caused global food supply chains and food trade to be hampered, causing world food price inflation. From March to May 2022, when the invasion between the two countries began, the average price of wheat, soybeans, and corn increased dramatically compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. This invasion will hopefully be resolved through diplomacy between the two sides. In addition, all countries, including those with which they have economic cooperation relations, must be prepared to face a food crisis that is predicted to occur

THERMAL STABILITY OF POWDERED Cu2S

The powder of copper (I) sulphide were synthesized by chemical bath depositions at 298 K from the ammonium system. Thermal-gravimetric studies in argon medium revealed the stability of the analyzed sample Cu2S to thermal destruction in the temperature range 20–180 °C. Heating the powder to 220 °C leads to a phase transition of rhombic α-Cu2S into a hexagonal β-modification.Total loss of mass in the samples after heating up to 600 оC was near 18.52 %

Turnitin Analysing The Relationship Between Ethical Leadership And The Voice Of Malaysian Muslim Employees

Ethical behaviour, in its simplest terms, means knowing and doing what is right. Nevertheless, the main difficulty is how to define the word ‘right’. For this purpose, various individuals, cultures and religions have thus far portrayed it in different ways. The present study reflected on the Islamic society, wherein ethical leadership has been one of the most effective factors in its continuation of life and success, with a vital role in its growth, development and progress. Accordingly, the relationship between ethical leadership and the voice of Muslim employees in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 2021, as the statistical population (n = 2500) was analysed. For this purpose, a standard questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data, whose validity was confirmed by the construct validity in the Linear Structural Relations (LISREL) software and its reliability was checked via the Cronbach’s alpha in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Besides, path analysis was utilised to test the research hypothesis. Confirmatory factor analysis was correspondingly implemented to examine the data. Ultimately, the study results revealed a significant positive relationship between ethical leadership and the voice of Malaysian Muslim employees (p = 0.80; t = 5.02). Contribution: Based on the literature review and the results of this study, ethical leadership can motivate Muslim citizens to participate in decision-making processes and even allows them to express their creative ideas in organisations and society

Factores estructurales, bioquímicos y moleculares de la simbiosis Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus)-Lupinus

The present revision summarises some of the original works carried out in our Department to study different aspects of the peculiar symbiosis Bradyrhyzobium sp. Lupinus, by integrating structure and function. The first part of the revision is focused to a structural study on the infection mechanisms, since differ of other legumes. This study was realized by applying immunofluorescent techniques with the green fluorescent protein, immunocytochemistry and different microscopies. It could be observed that the infection by the Bradyrhizobium follows the intercellular way. The infection study includes the presence of enzymatic components, as MAPKs (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) and aldehyde oxidase in the first steps of the symbiosis. Both enzymes are very much related with auxins and cell multiplication. The second part takes up the physiological, biochemical and genetic mechanisms that regulates nitrogen fixation, speccially those related to oxygen diffusion, since nitrogenase activity is very sensible to oxygen and needs a microaerobic atmosphere for its function. Between these mechanisms, the leghemoglobine and the oxygendiffusion resistance barrier have been considered the more important in oxygen regulation. Finally it is included the results of a genetic study carried out to know the genes implicated in nodule oxygen diffusion as: lenod 2, leghemoglobin and nifH.La presente revisión es un resumen de algunos trabajos originales realizados en nuestro Departamento para el estudio de diferentes aspectos de esta peculiar simbiosis, siempre integrando estructura y función. La primera parte está dedicada a un estudio estructural llevado a cabo con el fin de conocer los mecanismos de infección, que difieren de la mayoría de las leguminosas estudiadas. Para este fin se aplicaron técnicas de immunofluorescencia con la green fluorescent protein (GPT), técnicas de inmunocitoquímica y de hibridación in situ. Mediante estos estudios se ha observado que la infección se realiza por vía intercelular. Junto al estudio estructural se describen algunos componentes enzimáticos del nódulo, MAPKinasas (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) y aldehído oxidasa, presentes en estadios tempranos del reconocimiento bacteria-planta. Ambos enzimas están relacionados con la mitosis y la multiplicación de las células radicales. La segunda parte se refiere a los mecanismos fisiológicos, bioquímicos y moleculares que regulan la simbiosis, especialmente los relacionados con la regulación de oxígeno en el nódulo, de gran importancia para la fijación de N2, ya que la nitrogenasa necesita una atmósfera microaeróbica para fijar nitrógeno. Se describen algunos mecanismos de regulación, como la leghemoglobina y la barrera de resistencia a la difusión de O2. Por último también se incluye el estudio genético que realizamos para conocer los genes que regulan la difusión de O2 en el nódulo: lenod 2, leghemoglobin y nifH

In vitro characterization of the splicing efficiency and fidelity of the RmInt1 group II intron as a means of controlling the dispersion of its host mobile element

Group II introns are catalytic RNAs that are excised from their precursors in a protein-dependent manner in vivo. Certain group II introns can also react in a protein-independent manner under nonphysiological conditions in vitro. The efficiency and fidelity of the splicing reaction is crucial, to guarantee the correct formation and expression of the protein-coding mRNA. RmInt1 is an efficient mobile intron found within the ISRm2011-2 insertion sequence in the symbiotic bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti. The RmInt1 intron self-splices in vitro, but this reaction generates side products due to a predicted cryptic IBS1∗ sequence within the 3′ exon. We engineered an RmInt1 intron lacking the cryptic IBS1∗ sequence, which improved the fidelity of the splicing reaction. However, atypical circular forms of similar electrophoretic mobility to the lariat intron were nevertheless observed. We analyzed a run of four cytidine residues at the 3′ splice site potentially responsible for a lack of fidelity at this site leading to the formation of circular intron forms. We showed that mutations of residues base-pairing in the tertiary EBS3– IBS3 interaction increased the efficiency and fidelity of the splicing reaction. Our results indicate that RmInt1 has developed strategies for decreasing its splicing efficiency and fidelity. RmInt1 makes use of unproductive splicing reactions to limit the transposition of the insertion sequence into which it inserts itself in its natural context, thereby preventing potentially harmful dispersion of ISRm2011-2 throughout the genome of its host.This project was supported by research grants BIO2011-24401 from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, and CSD 2009- 0006 from Programme Consolider-Ingenio, which includes ERDF (European Regional Development Funds). I.C. was supported by a predoctoral fellowship from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and she is currently a postdoctoral research associate of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (USA). O.F. is a research scientist of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (USA). M.D.M.-S. is a research associate, F.M.G.-R. is a research associate, F.M.-A. is a research scientist, and N.T. is an investigator at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (Spain).Peer reviewe