The Voltage–gated Proton Channel, Hv1, Enhances Brain Damage from Ischemic Stroke

Phagocytic cell NADPH oxidase (NOX) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as part of innate immunity. Unfortunately, ischemia can also induce this pathway and inflict damage on native cells. Here we show that NOX–mediated damage can be inhibited by suppression of the voltage-gated proton channel, Hv1. Hv1 is required for full NOX activity since it compensates for loss of NOX–exported charge. We show that Hv1 is required for NOX–dependent ROS generation in brain microglia in situ and in vivo. Mouse and human brain microglia, but not neurons or astrocytes, express large Hv1-mediated currents. Mice lacking Hv1 were protected from NOX–mediated neuronal death and brain damage 24 hours after stroke. These results demonstrate that Hv1–dependent ROS production is responsible for a significant fraction of brain damage at early time points after ischemic stroke and provide a rationale for Hv1 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic stroke

Evaluating anesthetic protocols for functional blood flow imaging in the rat eye

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of five different anesthetic protocols (isoflurane, isoflurane–xylazine, pentobarbital, ketamine–xylazine, and ketamine–xylazine–vecuronium) for functional blood flow imaging in the rat eye. Total retinal blood flow was measured at a series of time points using an ultrahigh-speed Doppler OCT system. Additionally, each anesthetic protocol was qualitatively evaluated according to the following criteria: (1) time-stability of blood flow, (2) overall rate of blood flow, (3) ocular immobilization, and (4) simplicity. We observed that different anesthetic protocols produced markedly different blood flows. Different anesthetic protocols also varied with respect to the four evaluated criteria. These findings suggest that the choice of anesthetic protocol should be carefully considered when designing and interpreting functional blood flow studies in the rat eye.United States. National Institutes of Health (R01-EY011289-29)United States. National Institutes of Health (R44-EY022864)United States. National Institutes of Health (R01-CA075289-16)United States. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-15-1-0473)United States. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-12-1-0499

America\u27s Encounters with Southeast Asia, 1800–1900: Before the Pivot by Farish A. Noor (A Book Review)

R. Michael Feener\u27s review of America\u27s Encounters with Southeast Asia, 1800–1900: Before the Pivot by Farish A. Noor.&nbsp

The construction and evaluation of a teaching guide used by professional nurses for selected patients with cardiac disease

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

Alien Registration- Feener, Aurilla (Andover, Oxford County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/12581/thumbnail.jp

Distribution to Undo Excess: The Ninth Circuit Looks to an Equitable Approach to Apportion the Costs of Environmental Cleanup in \u3cem\u3eAmeriPride Services Inc. v. Texas Eastern Overseas Inc.\u3c/em\u3e

On April 2, 2015, in AmeriPride Services Inc. v. Texas Eastern Overseas Inc., the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit joined the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit in holding that district courts are not bound to a single method of distributing response costs in contribution actions under § 9613(f) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”). The First and Ninth Circuits have held that courts may allocate such costs according to the most equitable method as long as it is consistent with the language and the purposes of CERCLA. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, alternatively, has ruled that district courts must allocate response costs using the method prescribed by the Uniform Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act, which accounts for settlements by reducing total liability by the dollar amount of the agreement. This Comment argues that the First and Ninth Circuits’ interpretation of CERCLA is correct because it accounts for the variety and complexity of contribution actions under CERCLA and because it furthers CERCLA’s goals of promoting the prompt cleanup of hazardous waste sites and ensuring that parties responsible for environmental harm bear the cost of cleaning the damage

Alien Registration- Feener, Mary H. (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/24562/thumbnail.jp

Notes Towards the History of Qur'anic Exegesis in Southeast Asia

Aktivitas penulisan tafsir di Dunia Melayu atau Asia Tenggara telah dimulai sejak beberapa abad lalu. Meskipun masih dalam bentuk elementer, sejak abad 17 wilayah ini telah memproduksi tafsir. Sebuah manuskrip melayu asal Aceh yang tersimpan di Universitas Cambridge menunjukkan bahwa teknik penulisan dan metode penafsiran yang diterapkan saat itu masih tergolong sederhana. Manuskrip ini yang merupakan tafsir surat al-Kahfi ditulis dengan tinta merah disertai terjemahan serta komentar yang ditulis dengan tinta hitam.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v5i3.73

Penultimate predecessors of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Aceh, Sumatra: stratigraphic, archeological, and historical evidence

We present stratigraphic, archeological and historical evidence for two closely timed predecessors of the giant 2004 tsunami on the northern coast of Aceh, northern Sumatra. This is the first direct evidence that a tsunami played a role in a fifteenth century cultural hiatus along the northern Sumatran portion of the maritime silk route. One seacliff exposure on the eastern side of the Lambaro headlands reveals two beds of tsunamigenic coral rubble within a small alluvial fan. Radiocarbon and Uranium-Thorium disequilibrium dates indicate emplacement of the coral rubble after 1344 ± 3 C.E. Another seacliff exposure, on the western side of the peninsula, contains evidence of nearly continuous settlement from ~1240 C.E. to soon after 1366 ± 3 C.E., terminated by tsunami destruction. At both sites, the tsunamis are likely coincident with sudden uplift of coral reefs above the Sunda megathrust 1394 ± 2 C.E., evidence for which has been published previously. The tsunami (or tsunami pair) appears to have destroyed a vibrant port community and led to the temporary recentering of marine trade dominance to more protected locations farther east. The reestablishment of vibrant communities along the devastated coast by about 1500 CE set the stage for the 2004 disaster